Exploration of the Methods and Insights in the Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right

Abstract

Marx, as one of the founders of Marxism, experienced a significant transformation in his thought during the period of 1843–1844. The Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right (hereafter referred to as the Introduction) is one of Marx’s most representative works from this time. Lenin noted that this text, along with Marx’s On the Jewish Question, marks Marx’s transition from idealism and revolutionary democracy to materialism. In this renowned text, Marx offers a rational critique of the absolute authority of religion, articulates a vision for human emancipation, and envisages the possibility of free and comprehensive human development. During this intellectual shift, Marx absorbed the essence of German classical philosophy and, from a positivist perspective, began employing critical thinking and materialist expression. This enabled him to embark on a path of critique addressing both the religious and real social worlds. In the new era, systematically studying Marxist classic works allows for the exploration of their contemporary relevance. By aligning these classics with specific directions outlined in reports such as those from the 20th CPC Central Committee’s Third Plenary Session, the vitality of these works can be reinvigorated for the modern age.