Study on the Long-Term Cognitive Effects of Excessive LLM Use Among Students and General Users
Abstract
Artificial intelligence, especially large language models (LLMs), is reshaping how we learn, communicate, and create. These systems provide students and professionals immediate access to fluent, context-aware language that can support learning, increase productivity, and spark creativity. But what happens when their use becomes excessive? This paper explores the potential long-term consequences of over-relying on LLMs—particularly memory, critical thinking, creativity, and motivation. Drawing on research in cognitive psychology, education, neuroscience, and media studies, it argues that LLMs are best understood as cognitive prostheses: incredibly valuable when used wisely, but risky when they replace rather than support human imagination.
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