Geographic principles are highly abstract and generalized representations of geographic phenomena, capable of explaining the objectivity and necessity behind the generation, appearance, development, and change of certain geographic phenomena. The key to learning geographic principles lies in resolving students’ cognitive conflicts through methods such as summarizing sensory knowledge, deducing the processes behind principles, and interpreting graphical concepts. By combining geographic principles with the characteristics of the geography discipline, teachers can facilitate in-depth understanding and develop students’ core literacy by following a teaching logic strategy of “exploring principles - clarifying principles - applying principles - reflecting on principles” throughout the process of teaching geographic principles.
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