This study aims to explore the difficulties and reasons faced by Shui ethnic elementary school students in bilingual Chinese language learning. Using literature review and case analysis methods, the study analyzes the manifestations and influencing factors of learning difficulties and proposes corresponding solutions and countermeasures, such as proposing learning strategies, optimizing teaching modes, family support, and school management strategies, to provide better support and assistance for Shui ethnic elementary school students in Chinese language learning. The study of the difficulties and countermeasures in bilingual Chinese language learning for Shui ethnic primary school students can promote educational equity, strengthen multicultural education, promote the development of education in ethnic minority areas, and also help improve the quality of bilingual Chinese language learning for Shui ethnic primary school students, enhance teaching effectiveness, which has essential practical and educational significance.
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