Residents’ happiness is an important indicator of a country’s development and a key issue of social concern. In this paper, we found that residents’ socioeconomic status has a significant positive effect on subjective well-being based on the 2015 China General Social Survey data, regression using ordinary least squares (OLS) model and ordered probit model. In addition, marital status, social equity, and other aspects also have an impact on subjective well-being. Based on this, measures such as increasing residents’ income, increasing investment in education, and increasing social services to improve residents’ subjective socioeconomic status are proposed to improve people’s livelihood and play the role of economic and social status in improving residents’ subjective well-being.