The Role of a Silane Coupling Agent in Common Photovoltaic Encapsulation Systems
Download PDF

Keywords

Silane coupling agent
Bonding agent
EVA
POE
Peel strength

DOI

10.26689/ssr.v6i4.6732

Submitted : 2024-04-13
Accepted : 2024-04-28
Published : 2024-05-13

Abstract

Grafts of silane coupling agent EVA and POE were prepared by twin-screw melt extrusion method to obtain grafts EVA-g-KH171 and POE-g-KH171. The effect of silane coupling agent KH171 on the properties of two commonly used encapsulants in the photovoltaic field was investigated. The changes in the melt index of the grafts were tested by different dosages of silane coupling agents to explore further the effect of the changes in the melt index of the two grafting products, namely, EVA and POE, on the peeling strength. With the addition of the silane coupling agent, the melt index of the grafting product of EVA and POE increased. The peel strength test showed that the silane coupling agent KH171 had a more significant improvement in the adhesion of EVA and POE, proving the feasibility of its application in practical conditions.

References

Hsu HY, Hsieh HH, Tuan HY, et al., 2010, Oxidized Low Density Polyethylene: A Potential Cost-effective, Stable, and Recyclable Polymeric Encapsulant for Photovoltaic Modules. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 94(6): 955–959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2010.01.020

Zweibel K, 2000, Thin Film PV Manufacturing: Materials Costs and their Optimization. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 63(4): 375–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-0248(00)00057-X

Pan K, Zeng X, Li H, et al., 2013, Synthesis of an Adhesion-enhancing Polyhydrosiloxane Containing Acrylate Groups and its Cross-linked Addition-cure Silicone Encapsulant. Journal of Elastomers & Plastics, 47(5): 416–430. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095244313514992

Pan K, Zeng X, Li H, et al., 2013, Synthesis of Siloxanes Containing Vinyl and Epoxy Group and its Enhancement for Adhesion of Addition-cure Silicone Encapsulant. Journal of Macromolecular Science, 50(11): 1126–1132. https://doi.org/10.1080/10601325.2013.829361

Oliveira M, Cardoso D, Antonia S, et al., 2017, The Causes and Effects of Degradation of Encapsulant Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA) in Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules: A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81(P2): 2299–2317.

Hintersteiner I, Sternbauer L, Beissmann S, et al., 2014, Determination of Stabilizers in Polymeric Materials used as Encapsulants in Photovoltaic Modules. Polymer Testing, 2014(33): 172–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2013.12.004

Snaith HJ, Hacke P, 2018, Enabling Reliability Assessments of Pre-Commercial Perovskite Photovoltaics with Lessons Learned from Industrial Standards. Nature Energy, 3(6): 459–465. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0174-4

Tábi T, 2019, The Application of the Synergistic Effect between the Crystal Structure of Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and the Presence of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA) to Produce Highly Ductile PLA/EVA Blends. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2019(138): 1287–1297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08184-x

Yang G, Wu W, Dong H, et al., 2018, Synergistic Flame-retardant Effects of Aluminum Phosphate and Trimer in Ethylene-vinyl Acetate Composites. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 132(26): 919–926. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7026-0

Mantia LFP, Malatesta V, Ceraulo M, 2016, Photooxidation and Photostabilization of EVA and Cross-linked EVA. Polymer Testing, 2016(5): 6¬–12.

Luo W, Khoo YS, Hacke P, et al., 2017, Potential-induced Degradation in Photovoltaic Modules: A Critical Review. Energy & Environmental Science, 2017(10): 43–68. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE02271E

Ferrada P, Marzo A, Cabrera E, et al., 2017, Potential for Photogenerated Current for Silicon-based Photovoltaic Modules in the Atacama Desert. Solar Energy, 2017(144): 580–593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.01.053

Mochane MJ, Mokhena TC, Motaung TE, et al., 2019, Shape-stabilized Phase Change Materials of Polyolefin/wax Blends and their Composites: A Systematic Review. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 139(5): 2951–2963. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08734-3

Wen X, Szyma?ska K, Chen X, et al., 2019, Nanosized Carbon Black as Synergist in PP/POE-MA/IFR System for Simultaneously Improving Thermal, Electrical and Mechanical Properties. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2019(139): 1091–1098. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08466-4

Pisanu L, Barbosa J, Souza R, et al., 2019, Evaluating the Influence of Coupling Agents in the Structural Properties of Polypropylene Coconut Fiber Composites. Materials Research Express, 6(115320): 1–12.

Aziz T, Fan H, Khan FU, et al., 2020, Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch-bio-based Epoxy Resin and their Impact on Mechanical Properties. International Journal of Research in Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, 234(11¬–12): 1759–1769.