After the birth of documentary film, the discussion of “fiction” and “non-fiction” has not stopped. Influenced by the ideological trend of postmodernism, “new documentary film” overturns the concept of traditional documentary film and believes that it is feasible and meaningful for documentary to take “fiction” as a means. Adhering to the “new” exploration of this documentary, the author discusses the historical origin of new documentary films, the authenticity of new documentary films at home and abroad and the creative techniques of new documentary films, in order to provide innovative support for the true publication of new documentary films.