Compared with other non-English majors, the Chinese language and literature students need to learn an additional language as their major. Contrarily, the students’ interest and motivation in learning the language may reduce over time, which may be reflected in their English learning abilities. The present study was based on a survey about the current situation of English autonomous learning among Chinese language literature students in XATU. Furthermore, we investigated the factors that influence the students in learning the language, and provided teaching implications for improvement. According to the results obtained, the current situation of these students is not up to its optimal level. This situation is due to the influential factors, including low learning interest and motivation, unawareness of learning strategies, and inability to set learning goals.