Metagenomic Analysis of Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structure in Tea-Fruit Intercropping Systems

Abstract

In the tea fruit intercropping system, intercropping between tea trees and fruit trees can enhance plant nutrient utilization advantages, and plant growth is closely related to the rhizosphere microorganisms of plants. In order to explore the community structure characteristics of rhizosphere soil microorganisms under tea fruit intercropping mode, Method: This study used the Illumina Novaseq sequencing platform to perform metagenomic sequencing on three types of rhizosphere soil, with tea tree monoculture and loquat tree monoculture as controls, to analyze the differences in rhizosphere microbial community structure between tea fruit intercropping. The NR annotation results showed that under the tea fruit intercropping mode, the abundance of the dominant phylum Actinobacteria showed a decreasing trend, while the abundance of Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria increased. The relative abundance of unclassified Acidobacteria, unclassified Actinobacteria of the dominant phylum Actinobacteria, and unclassified Actinobacteria of the phylum Actinobacteria all increased. The annotation results of COG functional genes showed that in the functional composition of rhizosphere soil microorganisms in tea fruit intercropping, functions related to amino acid transport metabolism occupy a dominant position, and compared with tea monoculture, the relative abundance of functions related to amino acid transport metabolism, energy generation, and conversion is significantly increased. The annotation results of KEGG functional genes showed that pathways related to metabolism occupy a dominant position in the functional composition of the three rhizosphere microorganisms, and compared with tea monoculture, the abundance of functions related to energy metabolism was significantly increased in tea fruit intercropping.  After intercropping tea and fruit, their nitrogen fixation and disease resistance abilities were increased, soil fertility was improved, and energy metabolism was enhanced, significantly improving nitrogen metabolism and enhancing the growth status of tea tree roots.