Diatom Distribution Pattern in Surface Sediments of the Kara Sea and Adjacent Areas
Abstract
Surface sediment samples from the Kara Sea and adjacent areas were analyzed to investigate diatom distribution patterns in high latitude regions based on species and their relationship with temperature. Samples from the deep Arctic Basin and Kara Sea primarily comprised pennatic diatoms and centric diatoms, respectively. Rare Sea ice diatoms, including Fragilariopsis oceanica and Fragilariopsis cylindrus, were found in the northern regions of the Kara Sea, close to the Center Arctic Ocean. This region usually has sea ice and ice packs, which account for a relatively low surface temperature. Diatoms near Arctic regions, which are located south of the Kara Sea, included Bacterosira bathyomphala, Thalassiosira antarctica borealis, T. antarctica, Dentonula confervaceae, and Porosira glacialis resting spores. Melting of the Arctic sea with a rise in seasonal temperature has been observed in this region. Coastal Benthic diatoms, such as Paralia sulcata and Delphineis, were found near the surface runoff of the Yenisey, Ob, Pyasina, and Kara. Based on the findings, the distribution and growth of diatoms in surface sediments are strongly influenced by perennial sea ice in the Arctic Ocean regions.
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