This paper systematically combs literature on China’s rural human settlements environment governance (RHSEG), focusing on its current status, problems, theoretical frameworks, practical cases, and optimization paths. Policy-driven progress has been made in infrastructure and multi-stakeholder collaboration, but challenges persist: uneven resource allocation, formalized public participation, and poor systemic synergy. By integrating theoretical insights (e.g., meta-governance, soft law governance) and practical cases, this study proposes differentiated strategies for eastern, central, and western regions, and clarifies directions for technological innovation and mechanism improvement, providing theoretical references for rural revitalization.
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