Keywords
Time windows
Multi-vehicle types
Simultaneous pickup and delivery
Genetic algorithm
Submitted : 2025-05-07
Accepted : 2025-05-22
Published : 2025-06-06
Abstract
This paper addresses the Multi-Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery (MVRPTWSPD), aiming to optimize logistics distribution routes and minimize total costs. A vehicle routing optimization model is developed based on the operational requirements of the KS Logistics Center, focusing on minimizing vehicle dispatch, loading and unloading, operating, and time window penalty costs. The model incorporates constraints such as vehicle capacity, time windows, and travel distance, and is solved using a genetic algorithm to ensure optimal route planning. Through MATLAB simulations, 34 customer points are analyzed, demonstrating that the simultaneous pickup and delivery model reduces total costs by 30.13%, increases vehicle loading rates by 20.04%, and decreases travel distance compared to delivery-only or pickup-only models. The results demonstrate the significant advantages of the simultaneous pickup and delivery mode in reducing logistics costs and improving vehicle utilization, offering valuable insights for enhancing the operational efficiency of the KS Logistics Center.
References
Dantzig GB, Ramser JH, 1959, The Truck Dispatching Problem. Management Science, 6(1): 80–91.
Ai TJ, Kachitvichyanukul VA, 2009, Particle Swarm Optimization for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery. Computers & Operations Research, 36(5): 1693–1702.
Zhang T, Tian W, Zhang Y, et al., 2008, Improved Ant Colony System for VRPSPD with Maximum Distance Constraint. Systems Engineering-theory & Practice, 28(1): 132–140.
Jun Y, Kim BI, 2012, New Best Solutions to VRPSPD Benchmark Problems by a Perturbation-based Algorithm. Expert Systems with Applications, 39(5): 5641–5648.
Zhou R, Shen W, 2018, Adaptive Parallel Genetic Algorithm for the Path Problem of Loading and Unloading Integrated Vehicles. China Mechanical Engineering, 29(22): 2740–2749.
Li L, Chen Y, 2021, ALNS Algorithm for Solving PCVRP Problem with Soft Time Window for Simultaneous Delivery. Journal of Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 38(03): 78–85.
He M, Yang M, Han X, et al., 2024, Research on Time-dependent Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery Vehicle Path Problem with Time Window. Transportation Systems Engineering and Information, 24(04): 231–242 + 262.
Yan J, Chang L, Wang L, et al., 2021, Algorithm for Solving the Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery Vehicle Path Problem with Time Windows. Industrial Engineering, 24(05): 72–76.
Zhang QH, Wu S, 2020, Modelling of Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery Vehicle Path Problem with Time Windows and Modelling Factor Solution Algorithm. Computer Applications, 40(04): 1097–1103.
Zhang W, 2019, Research on Path Optimisation of Vehicles Picking Up and Delivering Goods at the Same Time, dissertation, Changsha University of Science and Technology.
Ma Z, Jiao H, Zhang Z, et al., 2024, Vehicle Path Optimisation Algorithm for Urban Logistics and Distribution. Journal of System Simulation, 1–10, viewed April 3, 2025.
Ge N, Chen J, Wu L, 2023, Optimisation of Material Distribution Path of AGV Trolley in Flexible Manufacturing Workshop. Equipment Manufacturing Technology, (05): 70–73.
Wang S, Xiang Y, Wang Y, 2023, Electric Vehicle Distribution Path Planning Method Considering Temporary Parking Charging and Discharging Management. Power Automation Equipment, 43(07): 94–101.
Wang Y, Li H, Luo S, et al., 2023, Path Optimisation Problem of Electric Vehicles for Multi-center Co-distribution under Resource Sharing Model. Journal of System Management, 32(06): 1119–1141.
Zhu F, Cao T, 2023, Optimisation Method of Workshop Material Distribution Path based on Time Window Constraint. Mechanical Design and Manufacturing, (01): 136–139 + 144.