Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the common chronic complications of diabetes. "Pain" is the most typical symptom in patients, which seriously affects their quality of life. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment of the disease includes oral administration of Chinese medicine, TCM fumigation and acupuncture, etc., which can significantly reduce the pain of patients and reduce the frequency of disease. Chinese decoctions regulate the imbalance of yin and yang in the human body through syndrome differentiation, so as to achieve the balance of yin and yang, which will then eliminate the disease. Chinese medicine fumigation make the medicine seep into the body from the skin to exert the medical effects, and nourish and dredge the meridians. There is no pain if the meridians are smooth flowing, there will be pain if the meridians are blocked, fumigation can be used alone or assisted by other treatment methods to enhance the efficacy. The characteristics of acupuncture are rapid pain-relief, economic and convenient, and can quickly relieve pain for patients with low tolerance.