Objective: To explore the preventive effects of anti-infective treatment on wound infection in emergency surgical trauma. Methods: 180 patients in our hospital from 2019 to June to May 2020 were selected as subjects. The 180 patients were randomly divided into two groups. The control group had 90 cases and adopted the conventional treatment method, and the experimental group received anti-infective treatment. The wound healing, infection status, and patient satisfaction of the two groups of patients were analyzed. Results: The wound healing, infection status, and patient satisfaction of the experimental group were better than those of the control group. Conclusion: The application of anti-infective treatment to the prevention of wound infection in emergency surgical trauma can reduce the infection rate of the patients' incision and promote the recovery of patients. It is suitable for clinical applications.