Keywords
Preoperative anemia
Postoperative nausea and vomiting
Risk factors
Submitted : 2026-06-22
Accepted : 2026-07-07
Published : 2026-07-22
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the correlation between preoperative anemia and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), and to analyze 14 influencing factors of PONV to provide references for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted, including 400 patients who underwent LC in our hospital from June 2024 to May 2026. Patients were grouped based on the occurrence of postoperative PONV, and the incidence of PONV was compared between anemic and non-anemic patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of PONV. Results: In the PONV group, the proportion of anemic patients was higher than that of non-anemic patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.069). There were statistically significant differences in baseline data, such as gender, history of motion sickness, and postoperative opioid analgesia, between the two groups (all p < 0.05). Univariate regression analysis of five potential factors showed that three factors, namely female gender, history of motion sickness, and postoperative opioid analgesia, were significantly associated with PONV (all p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that female gender, history of motion sickness, and postoperative opioid analgesia were independent risk factors for PONV after LC (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Female gender, history of motion sickness, and postoperative opioid analgesia are closely related to PONV and are independent risk factors for PONV in patients undergoing LC, while preoperative anemia is not a risk factor for PONV after LC.
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