Analysis of Specialized Nursing Practices During Anti-Infective Treatment for Pediatric Brain Abscess

Abstract

Objective: This paper focuses on a comprehensive analysis of the overall framework and core operational points of specialized, systematic nursing interventions for children with brain abscesses undergoing complete antimicrobial therapy, and explores the practical effects of such structured nursing models on enhancing treatment compliance, preventing related complications, and improving long-term neurological recovery. Methods: A cohort analysis model incorporating both retrospective and prospective features was designed. The study subjects were identified as 76 pediatric patients admitted from early 2020 to the end of 2023, diagnosed with brain abscesses, and who completed the prescribed anti-infective treatment course. Based on different clinical nursing pathways adopted, all cases were equally divided into two groups: a control group receiving standard routine care (38 cases) and a practice group applying a specialized integrated nursing protocol designed for this study (38 cases). This specialized protocol systematically integrates four dimensions: precise monitoring of intracranial pressure changes, a full-process management strategy for antimicrobial drug use, neurological function maintenance measures, and a family-centered educational support plan. The study comprehensively recorded various clinical observation indicators for both groups during treatment. Results: Data analysis revealed that the practice group adopting the specialized nursing protocol demonstrated superiority across multiple evaluation indicators. The effective symptom control rate during treatment (94.7% vs. 78.9%, p < 0.05), the incidence of adverse events induced by treatment drugs (10.5% vs. 28.9%, p < 0.05), and the qualification rate of primary caregivers of the children in mastering relevant knowledge and skills (92.1% vs. 71.1%, p < 0.05) were all significantly better than those in the routine care group. Additionally, the practice group showed statistically significant reductions in time-sensitive indicators such as the average number of days required for fever resolution, the time for relief of meningeal irritation signs, and the overall length of hospital stay (all comparisons p < 0.05). In the follow-up Glasgow Outcome Scale scores conducted three months after treatment completion, the proportion of cases in the practice group achieving a good prognosis (scores of 4 to 5) reached 86.8%, significantly higher than the 68.4% in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A multi-component, interlinked specialized nursing practice developed around and deeply integrated with the anti-infective treatment mainline can clearly enhance the safety level and overall efficiency of clinical management for pediatric brain abscesses.