Objective: To explore the impact of evidence-based predictive nursing intervention on psychological stress and physiological indicator stability of elderly cataract patients during the perioperative period (1 day before surgery to 1 day after surgery), and to provide a basis for optimizing clinical nursing plans for elderly cataract surgery. Methods: A retrospective selection of 90 elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) who underwent cataract surgery in the Ophthalmology Department of our hospital from August 2024 to December 2024 was conducted. They were divided into an observation group (n = 45) and a control group (n = 45) using a random number table method. The control group received routine nursing for cataract surgery, while the observation group implemented evidence-based predictive nursing intervention (including the establishment of a multidisciplinary evidence-based team, hierarchical psychological intervention, perioperative environment optimization, intraoperative personalized cooperation, and video-based health education). Psychological stress indicators [Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)] on the 1st day before surgery and 1st day after surgery, and fluctuations of physiological indicators [Heart Rate (HR), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)] on the 1st day before surgery and during surgery were compared between the two groups. Results: Before intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in SAS, SDS, GSES scores, HR, SBP, or DBP between the two groups (p > 0.05); after intervention, the SAS score (33.62 ± 5.72) and SDS score (32.14 ± 4.86) of the observation group on the 1st day after surgery were significantly lower than those of the control group [(41.05 ± 5.56), (43.59 ± 4.75)], and the GSES score (31.15 ± 3.28) was significantly higher than that of the control group (24.84 ± 3.52) (all p < 0.05); during surgery, the fluctuations of HR (74.0 ± 6.0) beats/min, SBP (127.0 ± 15.8) mmHg, and DBP (75.0 ± 5.9) mmHg in the observation group were significantly smaller than those in the control group (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Evidence-based predictive nursing intervention can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression in elderly cataract patients during the perioperative period, improve self-efficacy, stabilize intraoperative physiological status, and enhance surgical cooperation, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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