Research Progress on Astaxanthin in Exercise-Induced Fatigue
Abstract
Exercise-induced fatigue represents a complex physiological response triggered by physical exertion, with its mechanisms primarily originating from central and peripheral systems. Central fatigue arises from neurotransmitter imbalances such as elevated serotonin and reduced dopamine levels, leading to drowsiness and diminished motor performance. Peripheral fatigue occurs at the muscular level, where energy depletion, metabolic waste accumulation, and oxidative stress impair muscle contraction function. Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant, directly and primarily alleviates peripheral fatigue through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mitochondrial protective effects. Simultaneously, by improving the peripheral environment and reducing the transmission of fatigue signals to the brain, it indirectly helps alleviate central fatigue. Based on this, this paper reviews the mechanisms of action and related research progress of astaxanthin on exercise-induced fatigue, and discusses its application value and challenges based on the current status.
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