Keywords
Spiritual care nursing
Liver cancer
Spiritual status
Psychological distress
Quality of life
Submitted : 2025-06-03
Accepted : 2025-06-18
Published : 2025-07-03
Abstract
Objective: To explore the impact of spiritual care nursing based on the “Four-full Framework” (whole-person, whole-process, whole-department, whole-society) on the spiritual status, psychological distress, and quality of life of liver cancer patients. Methods: A total of 120 terminally ill liver cancer patients admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were divided into a control group (60 cases, receiving routine nursing) and an observation group (60 cases, receiving routine nursing plus spiritual care nursing based on the four-full framework) according to their admission order. Both groups were intervened for 4 consecutive weeks. The two groups were compared in terms of death attitude, spiritual status, psychological distress, and quality of life. Results: After intervention, the observation group had lower scores in death avoidance, death fear, escape acceptance, and psychological distress, while higher scores in natural acceptance, approach acceptance, all dimensions of spiritual status, psychological resilience, and all aspects of quality of life compared with the control group, with statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Spiritual care nursing based on the four-full framework can effectively help terminally ill liver cancer patients face death positively, improve their spiritual status, reduce psychological distress, and enhance their quality of life.
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