Objective: Therapeutic effect of heat-clearing and dampness-eliminating dredging collaterals combined with papaya antirheumatic pills on treatment of damp-heat obstructive ankylosing spondylitis. Methods: A total of 200 patients with ankylosing spondylitis who were treated in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2019 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into 2 groups, each with 100 patients. The control group was treated with leflunomide + papaya antirheumatic pills, and the observation group was treated with self-drafted recipe of heat-clearing and dampness-eliminating, the curative effect, visual analogue score (VAS), barthel AS function index (BASFI) score, biochemical indicators and adverse reactions between the two groups were compared. Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, the efficacy of the observation group was higher than that of the control group. The pain score, BASFI score, and biochemical index were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Heat-clearing and dampness-eliminating dredging collaterals combined with papaya antirheumatic pills is effective in the treatment of damp-heat obstructive ankylosing spondylitis, which is beneficial to reduce the degree of pain and inflammation of the affected area, helps patients remain active, and improves activities of daily living.