Objective: To retrieve and extract evidence related to wound care management in pediatric burn patients, summarize the best evidence, and provide evidence-based practice for clinical nursing management in pediatric burn patients. Methods: Evidence-based questions were identified, and domestic and international databases, as well as wound management websites, were systematically searched for guidelines, clinical decisions, evidence summaries, systematic reviews, expert consensus, and randomized controlled trials on wound care management in pediatric burn patients. The search period spanned from the establishment of the databases to December 31, 2024. Two researchers conducted literature screening, quality evaluation, and evidence summarization. Results: A total of 19 articles were included, comprising 4 clinical decisions, 6 guidelines, 5 expert consensus documents, and 4 systematic reviews. This study summarized 37 pieces of best evidence from six aspects: wound assessment, wound management, wound treatment, selection of topical dressings and medications, fluid resuscitation, and identification and management of infections. Conclusion: This study summarizes the best evidence for wound care management in children with burns, providing evidence-based support for clinical wound care management. It is recommended that healthcare professionals apply and translate the evidence in conjunction with actual clinical circumstances to conduct effective wound care management and improve the quality of life for children with burns.
Wang K, Jiang C, Wu Q, et al., 2025, Trends and Cross-Country Inequalities in the Global Burden of Burns among Children and Adolescents: A Population-Based Study from 1990 to 2021. Burns, 51(3): 107377.
Garcia J, Del Valle D, Wurdeman T, et al., 2025, Burn Injuries among Pediatric Patients Treated at Mexican Public Hospitals: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of Nationwide Hospitalization Data. BMJ Global Health, 10(3): e017915.
Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, 2023, Expert Consensus on the Management of Deep Second-Degree Burn Wounds in Children (2023 edition). Chinese Journal of Burns and Wound Repair, 39(10): 901–910.
Funamoto K, Furuhashi M, Muta K, et al., 2021, Physiological Skin Characteristics of Infants and Children Compared to Those of Women. Cureus, 13(11): e19904.
Niu X, Li X, 2016, Prevention and Treatment Strategies for Sepsis in Pediatric Burn Wounds. Chinese Journal of Burns, 32(2): 71–73.
Greenhalgh D, Hill D, Velamuri R, et al., 2025, A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing PermeaDerm with Mepilex Ag for the Treatment of Partial-Thickness Burns in Adults and Pediatrics. J Burn Care Res, 46(4): 700–707.
Lou J, Zhu X, Xi Z, et al., 2024, Efficacy and Safety of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Pediatric Burns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. MC Pediatr, 24(1): 807.
Joffe M, 2023, Emergency Management of Moderate and Severe Thermal Burns in Children, viewed June 1, 2025, http://update.0013.isus.top/contents/moderate-and-severe-thermal-burns-in-children-emergency-management?search=%E5%84%BF%E7%AB%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%A6%E5%92%8C%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%A6%E7%83%AD%E7%83%A7%E4%BC%A4%E7%9A%84%E7%B4%A7%E6%80%A5%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
Yoshino Y, Ohtsuka M, Kawaguchi M, et al., 2016, The Wound/Burn Guidelines-6: Guidelines for the Management of Burns. The Journal of Dermatology, 43(9): 989–1010.
The AGREE Collaboration, 2017, AGREE Ⅱ Instrument, viewed August 25, 2025, https://www.agreetrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/AGREE-II-Users-Manual-and-23-item-Instrument-2009-Update-2017.pdf
The Joanna Briggs Institute, 2017, Critical Appraisal Tools, viewed July 31, 2022, https://joannabriggs.org/critical-appraisal-tools
Xing W, Hu Y, Zhou Y, et al., 2020, Promoting the Translation of Evidence into Clinical Practice (Part Six): Production and Writing of Evidence Summaries. Journal of Nurses Training, 35(12): 1129–1132.
Wang C, Hu Y, 2015, JBI Evidence Pre-grading and Evidence Recommendation Grade System (2014 Edition). Journal of Nurses Training, 30(11): 964–967.
Vloemans A, Hermans M, Van Der Wal M, et al., 2014, Optimal Treatment of Partial Thickness Burns in Children: A Systematic Review. Burns: Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries, 40(2): 177–190.
Pedrazzi N, Naiken S, Scala G, 2021, Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Pediatric Burn Patients: A Systematic Review. Advances in Wound Care, 10(5): 270–280.
Gauglitz G, Shahrokhi S, Williams F, 2025, Burn Wound Infection and Sepsis, viewed June 1, 2025, http://update.0013.isus.top/contents/burn-wound-infection-and-sepsis?search=%E7%83%A7%E4%BC%A4%E5%88%9B%E9%9D%A2%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E4%B8%8E%E8%84%93%E6%AF%92%E7%97%87&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
Wiechman S, Bhalla P, 2025, Management of Burn Wound Pain and Itching, viewed June 1, 2025, http://update.0013.isus.top/contents/management-of-burn-wound-pain-and-itching?search=%E7%83%A7%E4%BC%A4%E7%96%BC%E7%97%9B%E5%92%8C%E7%98%99%E7%97%92%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
Tenenhaus M, Rennekampff H, 2025, Topical Agents and Dressings for Local Burn Wound Care, viewed June 1, 2025, http://update.0013.isus.top/contents/topical-agents-and-dressings-for-local-burn-wound-care?search=Topical%20agents%20and%20dressings%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20local%20burn%20wounds&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
Isbi Practice Guidelines Committee, Ahuja R, Gibran N, et al., 2016, ISBI Practice Guidelines for Burn Care. Burns, 42(5): 953–1021.
Allorto N, Atieh B, Bolgiani A, et al., 2018, ISBI Practice Guidelines for Burn Care, Part 2. Burns, 44(7): 1617–1706.
Young A, Grabes C, Kowalske K, et al., 2017, Guideline for Burn Care Under Austere Conditions: Special Care Topics. Journal of Burn Care & Research: Official Publication of the American Burn Association, 38(2): e497–e509.
European Burns Association, 2025, European Practice Guidelines for Burn Care: Minimum Level of Burn Care Provision in Europe, https://www.euroburn.org/documents/
Hirche C, Kreken S, Dheansa B, et al., 2020, Eschar Removal by Bromelain-Based Enzymatic Debridement (Nexobrid®) in Burns: Update on European Consensus Guidelines. Burns, 46(4): 782–96.
Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, 2021, National Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Eschar Planing in Burn Wounds (2021 Edition). Chinese Journal of Burns, 37(6): 501–507.
Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Cross-Strait Medical and Health Exchange Association & Burn and Trauma Tissue Repair Special Committee, 2024, Expert Consensus on the Treatment of Second-Degree Burn Wounds (2024 Edition) Part I: Pre-hospital Emergency Care and Non-surgical Treatment. Chinese Journal of Burns and Wound Repair, 40(1): 1–18.
Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Cross-Strait Medical and Health Exchange Association, and Burn and Trauma Tissue Repair Special Committee, 2024, Expert Consensus on the Treatment of Second-Degree Burn Wounds (2024 Edition) II: Surgical Treatment and Infection Prevention and Control. Chinese Journal of Burns and Wound Repair, 40(2): 101–118.
Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, 2017, National Expert Consensus on the Application of Vacuum Sealing Drainage Technology in Burn Surgery (2017 Edition). Chinese Journal of Burns, 33(3): 129–135.
Breederveld R, Tuinebreijer W, 2014, Recombinant Human Growth Hormone for Treating Burns and Donor Sites. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 9(2014): CD008990.
Lou J, Zhu X, Xiang Z, et al., 2024, The Efficacy and Safety of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Paediatric Burns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. BMC pediatrics, 24(1): 807.
Hu N, Wang Y, Galfo M, et al., 2024, Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Hydrogel in Treating Second- or Third-Degree Burn Wounds in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Translational Pediatrics, 13(7): 1210–1218.
DJärv T, Douma M, Palmieri T, et al., 2022, The Duration of Water Cooling as a First Aid Intervention for Thermal Burns: A Systematic Review. Burns, 48(2): 251–262.
Griffin B, Frear C, Babl F, et al., 2020, First Aid with Cool Running Water Reduces the Need for Skin Grafting in Pediatric Burns: A Cohort Study of 2,495 Children. Ann Emerg Med, 75(1): 75–85.
D’Cunha A, Rebekah G, Mathai J, et al., 2022, Understanding Burn Injuries in Children: A Step Towards Prevention and Prompt First Aid. Burns, 48(4): 762–766.
Xiang H, Shen J, Wheeler K, et al., 2021, Efficacy of Smartphone-Based Active and Passive Virtual Reality Distraction versus Standard Care for Burn Pain in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open, 4(6): e2112082.