Progress in Clinical Research of Early Pregnancy Chorionic Hematoma in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

Abstract

Subchorionic hematoma is a common cause of vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy, closely related to adverse outcomes such as miscarriage and premature birth. Its onset involves multiple factors such as coagulation abnormalities, immune imbalance, and placental vascular rupture. Western medicine mainly relies on progesterone supplementation and anticoagulant therapy, while traditional Chinese medicine improves the maternal and fetal environment through overall adjustments such as tonifying the kidneys, promoting blood circulation, and stabilizing the fetus. The combination of the two has synergistic advantages in regulating immunity, improving coagulation, and increasing the success rate of fetal preservation. However, existing research has problems such as a lack of standardization in syndrome differentiation and insufficient evidence of long-term efficacy, and there is an urgent need to integrate clinical evidence to optimize diagnosis and treatment strategies. This article provides a systematic review of the etiology, mechanism, and treatment progress of SCH in both traditional Chinese and Western medicine. It emphasizes the potential of combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine to reduce hematoma and improve pregnancy outcomes through the synergistic use of compounds such as progesterone, low molecular weight heparin, and Shou Tai Wan. The purpose of writing this review is to sort out controversies, propose the need for future multi-center large sample studies, establish a biomarker-based syndrome differentiation system, and develop targeted anticoagulant and immunomodulatory Chinese and Western compound preparations. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovation, we aim to promote the standardized and precise development of SCH diagnosis and treatment, ultimately improving the health level of mothers and infants.