https://ojs.bbwpublisher.com/index.php/PBES <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies (PBES)</em> is an international, peer-reviewed and open access journal which focuses on theoretical and applied studies of corporate and financial behavior. Aiming to promote the research in fields of business economics and management and&nbsp;help economists keep abreast of the vast flow of literature.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">It covers mainly but not limits to the following areas: ranging from the core themes of the entrepreneurial process and new venture creation to other topics, accounting and financial management, economics, human resource management and organizational behavior, information management, international business, strategy and innovation, management science and operations management, marketing and retailing.</p> <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> Bio-Byword Scientific Publishing PTY LTD en-US Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 2209-2641 https://ojs.bbwpublisher.com/index.php/PBES/article/view/15156 <p>As China advances its green transition, increasing attention has been paid to whether carbon emissions trading policies can improve both environmental performance and economic efficiency. Using panel data for Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2024, this study applies a multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) model to examine the effect of the carbon emissions trading system on firms’ total factor productivity (TFP). The results indicate that the carbon trading policy is associated with a significant increase in enterprise TFP. Further analysis shows that different policy arrangements during quota accounting, quota allocation, and quota trading affect firms in different ways. In particular, baseline-based accounting methods, paid quota allocation, and higher carbon prices are found to have positive effects on TFP. The heterogeneity analysis further suggests that the positive effect of the carbon trading policy is more evident among non-state-owned enterprises and firms outside high-carbon and heavily polluting industries.</p> Yunshan Xie Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) 2026-06-16 2026-06-16 9 6 1 13 10.26689/pbes.v9i6.15156 https://ojs.bbwpublisher.com/index.php/PBES/article/view/15330 <p>The income distribution of rural collective economic organizations is the core link to realize collective ownership, and it is also the key system to connect collective assets and members’ rights and interests, coordinate efficiency and fairness, and balance collective public welfare and individual private interests. Although Article 42 of the “Rural Collective Economic Organization Law” establishes the basic framework of “extracting the public welfare fund first and distributing the remaining part according to the share held by the members,” the principle of standardization and systematization is insufficient. In practice, the definition of distributable income is vague, the distribution basis is binary opposition, and the alienation of distribution procedures is prominent. Based on the nature of collective ownership and the special legal person attribute of rural collective economic organizations, this paper uses normative analysis and empirical investigation methods to clarify the legal attributes and dual value logic of income distribution, reconstructs the rule system from the three dimensions of entity, procedure, and relief, and provides theoretical support for legislative refinement and practical improvement.</p> Hanyu Zheng Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) 2026-07-03 2026-07-03 9 6 14 23 10.26689/pbes.v9i6.15330