Research Progress of circRNAs during Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Download PDF
$currentUrl="http://$_SERVER[HTTP_HOST]$_SERVER[REQUEST_URI]"

Keywords

circRNA
Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

DOI

10.26689/par.v8i2.6010

Submitted : 2024-03-13
Accepted : 2024-03-28
Published : 2024-04-12

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma is prone to invasion and metastasis. It often receives a low diagnosis rate in the early stage but has an extremely high mortality rate. Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is a key factor in promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Circular RNA (circRNA) is involved in regulating EMT in hepatocarcinoma cells through multiple pathways, thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. This article mainly reviews the research progress of circRNA related to EMT core transcription factors, circRNA that promotes EMT in liver cancer, and circRNA that inhibits EMT in liver cancer.

References

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al., 2021, Global Cancer Statistics 2020: Globocan Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 71(3): 209–249. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660

Zhou M, Wang H, Zeng X, et al., 2019, Mortality, Morbidity, and Risk Factors in China and Its Provinces, 1990–2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet, 394(10204): 1145–1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30427-1

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A, 2020, Cancer Statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin, 70(1): 7–30. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21590

Wang M, Wang Y, Feng X, et al., 2017, Contribution of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus To Liver Cancer in China North Areas: Experience of the Chinese National Cancer Center. Int J Infect Dis, 65: 15–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2017.09.003

Wang T, Chen D, 2021, Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Guidelines to Clinical Practice. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 37(8): 1745–1747. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.08.001

Li X, Yang L, Chen L-L, 2018, The Biogenesis, Functions, and Challenges of Circular RNAs. Mol Cell, 71(3): 428–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.034

Rybak-Wolf A, Stottmeister C, Glažar P, et al., 2015, Circular RNAs in the Mammalian Brain are Highly Abundant, Conserved, and Dynamically Expressed. Mol Cell, 58(5): 870–885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2015.03.027

Li Z, Huang C, Bao C, et al., 2015, Exon-Intron Circular RNAs Regulate Transcription in the Nucleus. Nat Struct Mol Biol, 22: 256–264. https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.2959

Meng X, Li X, Zhang P, et al., 2017, Circular RNA: An Emerging Key Player in RNA World. Brief Bioinform, 18(4): 547–557. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbw045

Li J, Yang J, Zhou P, et al., 2015, Circular RNAs in Cancer: Novel Insights into Origins, Properties, Functions and Implications. Am J Cancer Res, 5(2): 472–480.

Pamudurti NR, Bartok O, Jens M, et al., 2017, Translation of CircRNAs. Mol Cell, 66(1): 9–21.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2017.02.021

Huang A, Zheng H, Wu Z, et al., 2020, Circular RNA-Protein Interactions: Functions, Mechanisms, and Identification. Theranostics, 10(8): 3503–3517. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.42174

Memczak S, Jens M, Elefsinioti A, et al., 2013, Circular RNAs are a Large Class of Animal RNAs with Regulatory Potency. Nature, 495(7441): 333–338. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11928

Chen B, Huang S, 2018, Circular RNA: An Emerging Non-Coding RNA as a Regulator and Biomarker in Cancer. Cancer Letters, 418: 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.011

Dongre A, Weinberg RA, 2019, New Insights into the Mechanisms of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Implications for Cancer. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 20(2): 69–84. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-018-0080-4

Zhang CL, Tan XS, Huang ZS, 2021, Effect of Oxymatrine on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cell Biological Characteristics of Human Hepatoma Carcinoma Cell Line Hepg2 by Upregulating Mir-204. Journal of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 43(1): 11–16.

Ou H, Chen Z, Xiang L, et al., 2019, Frizzled 2-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Correlates with Vasculogenic Mimicry, Stemness, and Hippo Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Sci, 110(4): 1169–1182. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.13949

Giannelli G, Koudelkova P, Dituri F, et al., 2016, Role of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatol, 65(4): 798–808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2016.05.007

Peinado H, Olmeda D, Cano A, 2007, Snail, Zeb and bHLH Factors in Tumour Progression: An Alliance Against the Epithelial Phenotype? Nat Rev Cancer, 7(6): 415–428. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc2131

Yan L, 2020, The Role of CircCYP24A1 in HBx Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor Invasion and Metastasis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma, thesis, China Medical University.

Mo Z, Li R, Cao C, et al., 2023, Splicing Factor SNRPA Associated with Microvascular Invasion Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis through Activating NOTCH1/Snail Pathway and is Mediated by circSEC62/miR-625-5p Axis. Environ Toxicol, 38(5): 1022–1037. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.23745

Wang M, Yang Y, Yang J, et al., 2020, circ_KIAA1429 Accelerates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Advancement through the Mechanism of m6A-YTHDF3-Zeb1. Life Sci, 257: 118082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118082

Meng J, Chen S, Han J-X, et al., 2018, Twist1 Regulates Vimentin through Cul2 Circular RNA to Promote EMT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res, 78(15): 4150–4162. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-3009

Chen J, Qi Z, 2022, The Elevated circ_0067835 Could Accelerate Cell Proliferation and Metastasis via miR-1236-3p/Twist2 Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomed Res Int, 2022: 2825172. https://doi.org/1155/2022/2825172

Buchbinder EI, Desai A, 2016, CTLA-4 and PD-1 Pathways: Similarities, Differences, and Implications of Their Inhibition. Am J Clin Oncol, 39(1): 98–106. https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000000239

Yang G, Wang X, Liu B, et al., 2019, circ-BIRC6, a Circular RNA, Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Targeting the miR-3918/Bcl2 Axis. Cell Cycle, 18(9): 976–989. https://doi.org/10.1080/15384101.2019.1601477

Xu G, Zhang P, Liang H, et al., 2021, Circular RNA hsa_circ_0003288 Induces EMT and Invasion by Regulating hsa_circ_0003288/miR-145/PD-L1 Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int, 21(1): 212. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-01902-2

Taliaferro-Smith L, Oberlick E, Liu T, et al., 2015, FAK Activation is Required for IGF1R-Mediated Regulation of EMT, Migration, and Invasion in Mesenchymal Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Oncotarget, 6(7): 4757–4772. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.3023

Kim HJ, Litzenburger BC, Cui X, et al., 2007, Constitutively Active Type I Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Causes Transformation and Xenograft Growth of Immortalized Mammary Epithelial Cells and is Accompanied by an Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Mediated by NF-?B and Snail. Mol Cell Biol, 27(8): 3165–3175. https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.01315-06

Shen D, Zhao H, Zeng P, et al., 2022, Circular RNA circ_0001459 Accelerates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via the miR-6165/IGF1R Axis. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1512(1): 46–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14753

Yu W, Jiang H, Zhang H, et al., 2018, hsa_circ_0003998 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting miR-326 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther, 11: 5569–5577. https://doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S174750

Tripathi V, Sixt KM, Gao S, et al., 2016, Direct Regulation of Alternative Splicing by SMAD3 through PCBP1 is Essential to the Tumor-Promoting Role of TGF-?. Mol Cell, 64(3): 549–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/h.molcel.2016.09.013

Yang L, Sun H, Liu X, et al., 2020, Circular RNA hsa_circ_0004277 Contributes to Malignant Phenotype of Colorectal Cancer by Sponging miR-512-5p to Upregulate the Expression of PTMA. J Cell Physiol, Early View. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.29484

Hsu Y-L, Hung J-Y, Chang W-A, et al., 2017, Hypoxic Lung Cancer-Secreted Exosomal miR-23a Increased Angiogenesis and Vascular Permeability by Targeting Prolyl Hydroxylase and Tight Junction Protein ZO-1. Oncogene, 36(34): 4929–4942. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2017.105

Zhu C, Su Y, Liu L, et al., 2021, Circular RNA hsa_circ_0004277 Stimulates Malignant Phenotype of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Peripheral Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol, 8: 585565. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.585565

Wang S, Chai P, Jia R, et al., 2018, Novel Insights on m6A RNA Methylation in Tumorigenesis: A Double-Edged Sword. Mol Cancer, 17: 101. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-018-0847-4

Jiang C, Zeng X, Shan R, et al., 2020, The Emerging Picture of the Roles of circRNA-CDR1as in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol, 8: 590478. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.590478

Yang X, Xiong Q, Wu Y, et al., 2017, Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Regulatory Networks of Circular RNA CDR1as in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. J Proteome Res, 16(10): 3891–3902. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00519

Sun F, Wang JZ, Luo JJ, et al., 2018, miR-21 and miR-130b Targeted Artificial Modification of circRNA can Inhibit the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. China Medical Devices, 33(S1): 43–45.

Shi Y, Sun X, He X, 2017, Overexpression of Aristaless-Like Homeobox-4 Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion, and EMT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Oncol Res, 25(1): 11–18. https://doi.org/10.3727/096504016X14685034103833

Li M, Yue W, Li Q, et al., 2021, Circular RNA circ_0000098 Elevates ALX4 Expression via Adsorbing miR-1204 to Inhibit the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol, 11: 696078. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.696078

Wang L, Tong X, Zhou Z, et al., 2018, Circular RNA hsa_circ_0008305 (circPTK2) Inhibits Tgf-?-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis by Controlling TIF1? in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer, 17(1): 140. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-018-0889-7

Wu SG, Zhou P, Chen JX, et al., 2021, circ-PTK2 (hsa_circ_0008305) Regulates the Pathogenic Processes of Ovarian Cancer via miR-639 and FOXC1 Regulatory Cascade. Cancer Cell Int, 21(1): 277. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-01985-x

Tsuchida A, Ohno S, Wu W, et al., 2011, miR-92 is a Key Oncogenic Component of the miR-17-92 Cluster in Colon Cancer. Cancer Sci, 102(12): 2264–2271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02081.x

Gong T-T, Sun F-Z, Chen J-Y, et al., 2020, The Circular RNA circPTK2 Inhibits EMT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Acting as a ceRNA and Sponging miR-92a to Upregulate E-cadherin. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 24(18): 9333–9342. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202009_23015