Successful Treatment of White Lung in Elderly Patients with COVID-19
Download PDF
$currentUrl="http://$_SERVER[HTTP_HOST]$_SERVER[REQUEST_URI]"

Keywords

Advanced age
COVID-19
White lung
Treatment
Experience

DOI

10.26689/par.v7i4.5136

Submitted : 2023-06-11
Accepted : 2023-06-26
Published : 2023-07-11

Abstract

Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, hereby known as COVID-19) has the characteristics of rapid variation and multiple variants, which has caused a huge impact on human health worldwide. At the end of 2022, the Omicron variant was widely spread in China, and the patients infected with COVID-19 were mainly concentrated in the elderly over 80 years old and people with serious basic diseases. Pathologically, diffuse lung injury can be seen in the advanced stage of severe and critical diseases, with a large number of inflammatory cells and fibrous mucus exudation, alveolar epithelial cells shedding and necrosis, severe pulmonary edema, hyaline membrane formation, and diffuse ground-glass shadow or consolidation on imaging, which is manifested as “white lung” [1], and its mortality rate has significantly increased. This study reported two cases of elderly patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University for the treatment of COVID-19.

References

Liu X, Qu J, Yang X, et al, 2020, CT Imaging Features of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia. Journal of Heze Medical College, 32(1): 12–16.

Chen Y, Huang W, 2023, Expert Consensus on the Application of Azivudine Tablets in the Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Infection. China Pharmaceutical Industry, 32(3): 1–6.

Zhang J, Hu X, Zhao Z, et al, 2022, The Mechanism of Action and Clinical Research Progress of Naimatevir Tablets/Ritonavir Tablets for the Treatment of COVID-19. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 57(10): 845–850.

Yu B, Chang J, 2020, Azvudine (FNC): a Promising Clinical Candidate for COVID-19 Treatment. Signal Transduct Target Therapy, 5(1): 236.

The Respiratory Critical Care Medicine Group of the Respiratory Society of the Chinese Medical Association, the Respiratory Physician Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the Critical Care Medicine Working Committee, et al, 2019, Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of High-Flow Nasal Humidified Oxygen Therapy for Adults. Chinese Tuberculosis and Respiratory Journal, 42(2): 83–91.

Ni Z, Qin H, Li J, et al, 2020, Expert Consensus on the Use and Management of Nasal High-Flow Oxygen Therapy for Patients with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care, 19(2): 110–115.

Huang P, 2022, Analysis of the Application Value of Early Mechanical Ventilation in Prone Position in the Clinical Treatment of Severe ARDS. Systematic Medicine, 7(16): 85-88. https://doi.org/10.19368/j.cnki.2096-1782.2022.16.085

National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, 2023, Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Novel Coronavirus Infection (Trial 10th Edition). Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 6(1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2397.2023.01.001

Xiong D, Muema C, Zhang X, et al, 2021, Enriched Opportunistic Pathogens Revealed by Metagenomic Sequencing Hint Potential Linkages between Pharyngeal Microbiota and COVID-19. Virologica Sinica, 36(5): 924–933.

Lau JTF, Leung PC, Wong ELY, et al, 2005, The Use of an Herbal Formula by Hospital Care Workers During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Epidemic in Hong Kong to Prevent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Transmission, Relieve Influenza-Related Symptoms, and Improve Quality of Life: a Prospective Cohort Study. J Altern Complement Med, 11: 49–55. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2005.11.49

Lau JTF, Leung PC, Wong ELY, et al, 2005, Using Herbal Medicine as a Means of Prevention Experience During the SARS Crisis. Am J Chin Med, 33: 345–356. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X05002965

Zou J, Hua B, Chen C, et al, 2003, Clinical Features of 42 Patients with SARS and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine. Chin J Integr Tradition West Med Intensive Critical Care, 23: 486–488.

Pan J, Yang H, Yu Q, et al, 2003, Clinical Study on 71 Cases of SARS Patients Intervened with Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chin J Integr Tradition West Med Intensive Crit Care, 10: 204–207.

Tong X, Li A, Zhang Z, et al, 2003, Clinical Observation on 16 Cases of Infectious Atypical Pneumonia Treated by Traditional Chinese Medicine. J Tradition Chin Med, 44: 506–507. https://doi.org/10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2003.07.020

Yang A, Liu Y, Lin L, et al, 2021, Research Progress of Heat-Clearing and Detoxifying Traditional Chinese Medicines Against Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia. Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 39(1): 181–186. https://doi.org/10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2021.01.045

Omrani AS, Saad MM, Baig K, et al, 2014, Ribavirin and Interferon Alfa-2a for Severe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection: a Retrospective Cohort Study. Lancet Infect Dis, 14(11): 1090–1095.

Falzarano D, de Wit E, Rasmussen A, et al, 2013, Treatment with Interferon-alpha2b and Ribavirin Improves Outcome in MERS-CoV-Infected Rhesus Macaques. Nat Med, 19: 1313–1317. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3362

Liu J, Guo H, Li A, 2020, Some Thoughts on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia. Journal of Capital Medical University, 41(3): 328–335.

Xiang HR, Cheng X, Li Y, et al, 2021, Efficacy of IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin) for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a Meta-Analysis. Int Immunopharmacol, 96: 107732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107732.

Michot JM, Albiges L, Chaput N, et al, 2020, Tocilizumab, an Anti-IL6 Receptor Antibody, to Treat Covid-19-Related Respiratory Failure: a Case Report. Ann Oncol, 31: 961–964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.300.

Zhang X, Song K, Tong F, et al, 2020, First Case of COVID-19 in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma Successfully Treated with Tocilizumab. Blood Adv, 4: 1307–1310. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001907

Ferrey AJ, Choi G, Hanna RM, et al, 2020, a Case of Novel Coronavirus Disease 19 in a Chronic Hemodialysis Patient Presenting with Gastroenteritis and Developing Severe Pulmonary Disease. Am J Nephrol, 51: 337–342. https://doi.org/10.1159/000507417

Odièvre MH, de Marcellus C, Ducou Le Pointe H, et al, 2020, Dramatic Improvement After Tocilizumab of a Severe COVID-19 in a Child with Sickle Cell Disease and Acute Chest Syndrome. Am J Hematol, 95(8): E192–E194. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25855.

Fang X, Wu L, Li S, et al, 2014, Effects of Thymofasin for Injection on T Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Immune Proteins in Elderly Patients with Community-Acquired Severe Pneumonia. Guangdong Medicine, 35(3): 451–452.

Geriatric Nutritional Support Group, Chinese Medical Association Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Branch, 2013, Chinese Expert Consensus on Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition in Elderly Patients. Chinese Journal of Geriatric Medicine, 32(9): 913–929. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-9026.2013.09.001

Sobotka L, Schneider SM, Berner YN, et al. 2009, ESPEN Guidelines on Parenteral Nutrition: Geriatrics. Clin Nutrit, 28(4): 461–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2009.04.004

Mei H, Hu Y, 2020, Etiological Analysis and Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies of Coagulation Dysfunction in Patients with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19). Chinese Journal of Hematology, 41(3): 185–191.