Oncology Treatment Discovery

Clinical Effects of Laparoscopic Surgery in Radical Surgery for Colorectal Cancer

Guodong Zhao — 2024-10-02

Objective: To investigate the clinical application effect of laparoscopic surgery in radical surgery for colorectal cancer. Methods: 78 patients who were treated with radical surgery for colorectal cancer in a tertiary hospital during the period from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects in this study. According to the different surgical methods, the patients were divided into the laparoscopic surgery group (40 cases in the experimental group) and the traditional open surgery group (38 cases in the control group). The operation time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative recovery (including postoperative anal exhaustion time, time to get out of bed, and hospitalization time), complication rate, and therapeutic effect were observed in the two groups. Results: Patients in the experimental group were better than the control group in terms of intraoperative blood loss, operation time, postoperative anal exhaust time, time to get out of bed, and postoperative hospitalization time (P < 0.05). Patients in the experimental group had significantly better treatment effects and complication rates than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Compared with the open group, the overall prognosis of laparoscopic colorectal cancer patients is better, and laparoscopy has a protective effect on tumor recurrence or metastasis after radical surgery for colorectal cancer, and it can reduce the incidence of postoperative abdominal infection.

Construction of Lactobacillus casei-loaded Water-in-oil High Internal Phase Emulsion and its Study on Anti-breast Cancer Properties

Miao Tong — 2024-10-02

Objective: To prepare an oil-in-water high internal phase emulsion containing Lactobacillus casei, and to optimize and characterize the preparation process. To explore the therapeutic effect of the probiotic-carrying emulsion on in situ breast cancer in mice. Methods: Using corn oil, sodium alginate, polyglycerin ricinoleate and L. casei as raw materials, the high internal phase emulsion containing probiotic oil-in-water was prepared by high-speed homogenization method. The optimal preparation process was obtained through single factor investigation, microstructure characterization, stability investigation and in vitro simulation digestion experiment. Ten female BALB/c mice (SPF grade, 18–20 g) were selected. After the in situ breast cancer model was successfully established, the mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 5 mice in each group. The mice were administrated with probiotic-loaded emulsion and normal saline respectively, and were administrated with the stomach every other day for 10 days. The change of tumor volume during treatment and tumor mass at the end of treatment were recorded. Results: The optimum process of emulsion was: With the concentration of 5% Polyglycerin ricinolate, 75% aqueous volume, 3000r/min homogenizing speed, 30 s homogenizing time and 2% aqueous sodium alginate concentration, a high internal phase emulsion with a particle size of 9.33 ± 1.74 μm and an appearance of milky paste was prepared. The inclusion rate of probiotics reached 90.97 ± 27.09%. Breast cancer anti-tumor experiment showed that the tumor inhibition rate of the experimental group reached 33.78% compared with the control group. Conclusion: Water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion can effectively protect L. casei and reduce the loss of live probiotic when probiotics pass through the digestive fluid environment. Oral intragastric high internal phase emulsion containing L. casei oil-in-water has a certain therapeutic effect on breast cancer.

Tissue engineering of Cornea via Type 1 Collagen Biomaterials – A perspective

Kirubanandan Shanmugam — 2024-10-02

Engineering corneal tissue has advanced significantly in recent years. Engineering a biocompatible, mechanically stable, and optically clear tissue presents significant engineering hurdles. Two fundamental strategies have been explored by scholars to address these issues: cell-based methods for controlling cells their own extracellular matrix and scaffold-based methods for supplying dense, transparent matrices for cell growth. Both approaches have had some level of success. Additionally, new developments in innervating a tissue-engineered construct have been developed. Future research must concentrate on enhancing the mechanical stability of engineered constructions and the host reaction to implantation. Type 1 Collagen Biomaterial has been used for the construction of scaffolds or implantation for the cornea repair. Various methods for fabrication of the scaffolds have been described and mentioned tissue engineering application for cornea repair and regeneration. Given this correspondence, the type 1 collagen was a potential biomaterial for tissue engineering scaffold fabrication for effective regeneration of cornea.

Long Non-coding RNA and Progression of Breast Cancer

Usama Ahmed — 2024-10-02

Breast cancer is a major problem in the health sector worldwide. The prevalence of breast cancer incidence is on the rise in many countries despite efforts to eradicate it. The substantial efforts for the treatment of breast cancer are quite successful but the main hindrance is early detection which in turn is dependent on various factors i.e. genetic history, environmental exposures, hormonal causes, and sedentary lifestyle. In previous studies, lncRNAs were known to modulate the progression of many cancers like gastric, lung, ovarian, and colorectal cancers. This study was designed to find these lncRNAs role in breast cancer development. Bioinformatics tools were used for in silco analysis of these lncRNAs LINC01356, LINC01357, ARF4-AS1, and FAM83B. These lncRNAs were evaluated in GEPIA2 for subtype analysis and survival probability, Phylo CSF UCSC genome browser for conserved sequences and protein-coding potential, BcGenExMiner for correlation analysis and UALCAN for protein-coding gene expression. These above-mentioned lncRNAs showed high expression in the basal subtype of TNBC as compared with other subtypes and they showed poor survival rates in the basal subtype. LINC01356 and LINC01357 showed positive correlation with TAFA3 and SLC16A1. ARF4-AS1 positively correlated with ASB14 and FAM83B positively correlated with HCRTR2. These lncRNAs showing positive correlation with different genes have a role in breast cancer development and progression.

Clinical Effects of Laparoscopic Radical Colon Cancer Treatment with Complete Mesocolic Resection for Colon Cancer

Liang Xue — 2024-10-02

Objective: This paper aims to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic complete mesocolic resection on the efficacy and survival of patients with colon cancer. Methods: 80 colon cancer patients were included in this study, 40 of whom were treated with traditional radical colon cancer surgery as the control group, and the other 40 were treated with laparoscopic complete mesocolic resection radical colon cancer surgery as the observation group. The study period lasted from April 2022 to April 2023, and the surgical indexes, postoperative recovery, quality of life, and the occurrence of complications of the two groups were monitored throughout the whole process and compared and analyzed. Results: The therapeutic effect of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The operation time, bleeding volume and postoperative hospitalization time of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the number of lymph node dissection was significantly higher than that of the control group, with highly significant differences (all P < 0.001). The postoperative recovery of the observation group (time of first anal defecation, time of first solid food intake, and time of wound healing) was significantly better than that of the control group (all P < 0.001). The quality of life of the observation group was significantly improved with a highly significant correlation (P < 0.001), and the complication rate was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical colon cancer surgery with complete mesocolic resection for colon cancer shows better clinical effects and advantages in the treatment of colon cancer, which is worth further promotion and application in clinical practice.

Expression of Serum DCLK1 in Gastric Cancer Patients and Its Relationship with CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4

Baoming Guo — 2024-10-02

Objective: To investigate the expression of Doublecortin-like kinase-1 (DCLK1) in the serum of gastric cancer patients and its relationship with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4). Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with gastric cancer at the hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the gastric cancer group, and 50 patients diagnosed with chronic atrophic gastritis during the same period were selected as the control group. The serum concentrations of DCLK1, CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 were measured in both groups. Cut-off values and AUC (Area Under the Curve) were determined based on the ROC curve, and the expression of DCLK1 and its relationship with CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 were analyzed. Results: The average concentrations of DCLK1, CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 in the serum of gastric cancer patients were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). CA72-4 had the highest sensitivity (62%), CEA had the highest specificity (98%), and DCLK1 had the largest AUC (0.709). The combined diagnosis of gastric cancer using DCLK1, CEA, and CA19-9 resulted in the largest AUC (0.826), with a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 76%. Conclusion: The expression of DCLK1, CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 in the serum of gastric cancer patients is significantly higher than that in the control group. The combined detection of DCLK1, CEA, and CA19-9 offers better sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.

Clinical Efficacy of Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Patients with Refractory Cirrhotic Ascites

Lianqing Li — 2024-10-02

Objective: To analyze the efficacy of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation for the treatment of cirrhotic ascites (refractory). Methods: 64 patients with cirrhosis ascites (refractory) who were admitted to the hospital between May 2022 and April 2024 were selected and divided equally by random number table, the observation group was treated with BMSC autologous transplantation, and the reference group was treated with conventional medication, and the total effective rate, therapeutic indexes, liver and renal function indexes, and the change of urine volume were compared. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the reference group (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of therapeutic indexes such as depth of ascites, liver and kidney function indexes and 24-hour urine volume (P > 0.05). After treatment, the observation group’s ascites depth and other indicators were better than that of the reference group, liver and kidney function indicators were better than that of the reference group, and 24h urine volume was more than that of the reference group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: BMSC autotransplantation can improve the clinical efficacy of patients with cirrhosis ascites (refractory), accelerate the absorption of ascites, reduce the values of body mass and abdominal circumference, and protect the liver and kidney functions and increase the amount of urination.

Research Progress on Negative Emotions Influencing the Incidence of Breast Cancer

Wei Liu — 2024-10-02

At present, breast cancer is the largest malignant tumor endangering women’s health, and has become one of the most common cancer types in the world. In recent years, the relationship between psychosocial factors and the incidence of breast cancer has attracted extensive attention. Traditional Chinese medicine research of the motherland suggests that emotional disorder is an important factor leading to breast cancer, and emotional theory and negative emotional accumulation have something in common in some aspects. This article reviews the impact of negative emotions on the risk of breast cancer and the current research progress and explores the possibility of reducing the progress of breast cancer and improving the quality of life of breast cancer patients through negative emotion intervention.