Oncology Treatment Discovery

Summary of Evidence for Tumor-free Techniques in Malignant Tumor Surgery

Chengxin Sun — 2026-03-18

Objective: To systematically retrieve, evaluate, and summarize the evidence regarding tumor-free techniques, thereby providing a foundation for standardizing nursing practices in malignant tumor surgery. Methods: According to the evidence-based “6S” model, a comprehensive search of literature pertaining to tumor-free technology was conducted using both Chinese and English databases. The time frame for this search extended from the inception of the database up until December 2025. Results: A total of 21 articles were included in this review. Among these, there was 1 clinical decision, 7 guidelines, 3 expert consensus documents, 6 systematic reviews, 1 randomized controlled trial, and 3 quasi-experiments. The topics covered encompassed preoperative personnel preparation, establishment of isolation areas, incision protection, body cavity exploration, management of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum, puncture needle management, tumor resection techniques, irrigation fluid management practices, surgical instrument handling protocols, and tumor specimen management. In total, there were 10 distinct topics with an aggregate of 27 items addressed. Conclusion: The evidence presented in this study serves as a valuable reference for the standardization of tumor-free techniques. It aims to enhance operating room nurses’ awareness of these techniques and mitigate the risk of iatrogenic tumor implantation and metastasis during surgical procedures.

Exploration and Research on a New Model for Early Lung Cancer Screening

Ya Li — 2026-03-18

Objective: To explore scientifically feasible management models and methods for the assessment, screening, early diagnosis, and early treatment of individuals at high risk for lung cancer. Methods: Seven communities within the Jinyinshan area of our city, namely Xiliuwan, Ligongxiang, Huxingshan, Zhushan, Xiufeng, Jinyinshan, and Sanyantang, were selected as the screening regions for this project. The screening methods followed the “Technical Plan for Lung Cancer Screening in Hunan Province (2021 Edition)”, involving low-dose spiral computed tomography (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) testing for clinical screening of high-risk individuals. The positive screening rate and lung cancer positive rate were calculated, and positive cases were subjected to stratified management and treatment. Results: From January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024, a total of 2,626 individuals completed questionnaires, including 1,625 males and 1,001 females. Among them, 681 individuals were identified as being at high risk for lung cancer, accounting for 25.93% of the total screened population, with 456 males (66.96%) and 225 females (33.04%). The detection rate of suspected lung cancer was higher with combined testing (3.00%) compared to CT alone (2.00%) or CEA alone (1.60%), suggesting that combined testing improves diagnostic accuracy. A total of 500 cases underwent low-dose spiral CT combined with CEA testing, with 15 suspected cases of lung cancer identified, resulting in a detection rate of 2.20%. Conclusion: Early screening for lung cancer facilitates early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, reduces incidence and mortality rates, improves patients’ quality of life, and alleviates societal burdens.

Analysis of the Effect and Detection Rate of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined with Ultrasound Elastography in the Differential Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Yongxiang Wei — 2026-03-18

Objective: To evaluate the differential diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with ultrasound elastography (UE) for breast cancer. Methods: A total of 120 patients diagnosed with breast cancer admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected for MRI and UE diagnosis, and the differences in diagnostic efficacy between single and combined diagnostic methods were assessed. Results: The detection rate of breast cancer with combined diagnosis was higher than that with single diagnosis, and the detection rate of disease types with combined diagnosis was also higher than that with single diagnosis (P < 0.05). In terms of tumor classification, the detection rate calculated by combined diagnosis was significantly higher, and the accuracy and sensitivity obtained by combined diagnosis were high, with a low missed diagnosis rate determined, and P < 0.05 when comparing various methods. Conclusion: MRI combined with UE demonstrates superior efficacy in diagnosing breast cancer, enabling the differentiation of disease types and determination of tumor classification, with high diagnostic performance.

Advances in MSCT Trabecular Bone Attenuation Combined with Natural Language Processing and Large Language Models for Opportunistic Osteoporosis Screening and Fracture Risk Assessment: A Review

Shiyu Zhong — 2026-03-18

Osteoporosis and its consequent fragility fractures represent a major public health challenge in aging populations worldwide. Although dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) remains the diagnostic gold standard, its utility for opportunistic screening is limited by equipment accessibility, low screening coverage, and inability to assess bone microarchitecture. Multislice computed tomography (MSCT), routinely performed for various clinical indications, offers a quantitative measure, trabecular bone attenuation in Hounsfield Units (HU), that can be opportunistically leveraged for osteoporosis evaluation. Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) and large language models (LLMs) enable automated extraction of unstructured clinical data from electronic health records and integration of multimodal information. This review systematically summarizes the evidence base for MSCT-derived HU values in osteoporosis diagnosis, explores the application of NLP for extracting key variables from radiology reports and clinical notes, and discusses the potential of LLMs for multimodal data fusion and predictive modeling. We propose a novel framework combining HU measurements, NLP-extracted clinical features, and LLM-driven analysis to construct a Nomogram model for opportunistic osteoporosis screening and fracture risk prediction. This approach may expand the screened population beyond postmenopausal women to include men and individuals with chronic diseases, ultimately enabling opportunistic, individualized fracture risk assessment integrated into routine clinical workflows.

Research Progress of Mir143 in Tumors and Its Guiding Significance in Lung Cancer Research

Chengbi Tong — 2026-03-18

MicroRNA-143 (miR-143) is a non-coding RNA molecule that plays a critical regulatory role in various biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. This review summarizes the structural characteristics of miR-143 and its expression patterns in different tumor types, with a particular focus on cervical cancer, colon cancer, and lung cancer. In most malignancies, miR-143 is downregulated and functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting oncogenes and modulating key signaling pathways. However, emerging evidence suggests that miR-143 may exhibit dual roles depending on the tumor context, as seen in certain lung cancer studies where its elevated expression correlates with poor prognosis. The interaction between miR-143 and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) further expands its regulatory network and highlights its potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target. A deeper understanding of miR-143’s multifaceted functions may offer new insights into tumor biology and treatment strategies.