Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research

Research on the Correlation Between miRNA, CMTM6, and PD-L1 Expression in Gastric Cancer

Ruixin Shi, Zhenwen Cao, Ru Ji — Tue, 25 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To investigate the correlation between miRNA, CMTM6, and PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer, providing new therapeutic targets for immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Methods: This study selected gastric cancer patients who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital from October 2022 to October 2024 as the research subjects. Based on the patients’ PD-L1 examination results, they were divided into a positive group and a negative group. General patient data were collected, and qPCR and WB experiments were used to detect the levels of CMTM6 and miRNA in the patients. Univariate analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing PD-L1 expression, and variables with p < 0.05 were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis to clarify the correlation between miRNA, CMTM6, and PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer. Results: A total of 118 patients were included in this study, with 75 patients in the positive group and 43 patients in the negative group. Univariate analysis revealed that TNM stage, miRNA, and CMTM6 showed statistical significance in data comparison (p < 0.05). These variables were then included in multivariate logistic regression analysis, which found that TNM stage (OR = 2.849, 95% CI: 2.227–3.425), miRNA (OR = 3.038, 95% CI: 2.968–3.509), and CMTM6 (OR = 3.185, 95% CI: 2.995–3.810) all exhibited a positive correlation with PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer. Conclusion: There is a certain correlation between miRNA, CMTM6, and PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer. As miRNA and CMTM6 levels increase, the positive rate of PD-L1 examination in patients also rises, warranting clinical attention.

Analysis of the Therapeutic Effect and Prognosis of Frameless Stereotactic Soft Channel Intracranial Hematoma Evacuation for Severe Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage

Wanqi Liu, Shuqin Fan, Ruixue Zhuang, Zhenchuan Liu, Zhongxiang Xie — Thu, 27 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To analyze the therapeutic effect and prognosis of frameless stereotactic soft channel intracranial hematoma evacuation for severe basal ganglia hemorrhage. Methods: Clinical data of 411 patients with severe basal ganglia hemorrhage admitted to the Neurological Intensive Care Unit of Linyi People’s Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were collected. According to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 180 days after onset, the patients were divided into the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group. The therapeutic effect of frameless stereotactic soft channel intracranial hematoma evacuation on severe basal ganglia hemorrhage was explored, and the influencing factors of prognosis were analyzed. Results: Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was an independent protective factor for the prognosis of patients with severe basal ganglia hemorrhage, while age, preoperative hematoma volume, random blood glucose level, and mechanical ventilation were independent risk factors. Conclusion: Frameless stereotactic soft channel intracranial hematoma evacuation has a good therapeutic effect on severe basal ganglia hemorrhage. However, it is necessary to screen the patients’ basic information before surgery and provide medical care based on their specific conditions to promote their rapid recovery.

The Therapeutic Effect of Dabuyin Wan on Male Breast Development and Its Impact on Sex Hormone Levels

Sheng Yu, Ying Wu, Lai Zhang, Zhiyun Rong — Wed, 03 Dec 2025 15:43:08 +0800

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Dabuyin Wan (Concentrated Pills) in the treatment of prepubertal gynecomastia in boys and to analyze its impact on sex hormone levels. Methods: A total of 100 boys with gynecomastia diagnosed and treated in our hospital from July 2022 to February 2025 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received non-pharmacological treatment, while the observation group was treated with Dabuyin Wan (Concentrated Pills). Both groups continued treatment for 6 months. Clinical efficacy, TCM syndrome scores, sex hormone levels [estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), prolactin (PRL)], and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: The total clinical effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (χ² = 5.316, P < 0.05). After treatment, the TCM syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (t = 15.513, P < 0.05). After treatment, E2, LH, and PRL levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the T level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (t = 5.819, 11.000, 7.275, 9.524, respectively; P < 0.05 for all). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. Conclusion: The use of Dabuyin Wan (Concentrated Pills) for prepubertal gynecomastia in boys can improve clinical outcomes, alleviate clinical symptoms, modulate sex hormone levels, and demonstrate a favorable safety profile.

Identification of Health Literacy Gaps in Preschool Teachers Regarding Students’ Vision Protection: A Targeted Analysis Based on Item Response Rates

Shuping Gao, Ping He, Xing Liu, Xiaofen Deng, Zhijun Ren, Juanjuan Lin — Thu, 04 Dec 2025 14:34:58 +0800

Objective: To investigate the current status of health literacy regarding children’s vision protection among preschool teachers and to provide a basis for targeted training. Methods: A convenience sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey among 1,442 preschool teachers in Xiangyang City from April to June 2024. The questionnaire covered five dimensions: knowledge, beliefs, behaviors, skills, and policies. Item response rates were used to identify literacy gaps. Results: The overall vision protection literacy of preschool teachers exhibited characteristics of “strong beliefs but weak knowledge and skills”. The item response rates for each dimension, from highest to lowest, were: beliefs (92.7%), policies (81.9%), behaviors (74.8%), knowledge (67.5%), and skills (58.3%). The core gaps were concentrated in the “knowledge” and “skills” dimensions, with significant deficiencies particularly in the understanding of the concept of “hyperopia reserve” (awareness rate: 27.6%), skills in guiding behaviors for myopia prevention and control (mastery rate: < 50%), and the ability to interpret vision screening results (complete mastery rate: 35.0%). Conclusion: Currently, there are significant structural deficiencies in the health literacy of kindergarten teachers regarding children’s vision protection. In the future, greater emphasis should be placed on practical skills training, particularly in enhancing their practical abilities in areas such as “hyperopia reserve” cognition and interpretation of vision screening results.

Research Progress on the Prevention of Infection in Operating Rooms Using the HFMEA Model Combined with Evidence-Based Medicine

Wen Xu, Xiaofu Ji — Thu, 04 Dec 2025 14:52:22 +0800

The Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA) model, as a proactive risk assessment tool, systematically identifies potential infection risk points during surgical procedures and evaluates the failure modes and their effects that may result from these risks. Evidence-based medicine, on the other hand, emphasizes making medical decisions based on the best available evidence. Combining these two approaches can provide more scientific and effective strategies for preventing infection in operating rooms. This paper delves into the application of the HFMEA model and evidence-based medicine in the field of infection prevention in operating rooms, aiming to offer new perspectives and methods for this critical aspect of healthcare.

The Value of Vestibular Rehabilitation Training Instruction in the Treatment of Sudden Deafness Accompanied by Vertigo

Tingting Jiang, Xiaorong Yang, Juxiang Shang, Juan Yao, Ruiqi Li, Zhiquan Peng — Thu, 04 Dec 2025 15:09:33 +0800

Objective: To analyze the necessity and effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation training instruction in the treatment of sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo. Methods: Sixty medical staff who learned the treatment methods for sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo (vestibular rehabilitation training) from January 2024 to February 2025 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into two groups according to the time of study: the control group, who participated in the training teaching first, and the observation group, who participated later. Each group had 30 people. The control group received conventional training, while the observation group underwent continuous quality improvement. The effects and assessment results of different teaching methods were compared. Results: The theoretical and practical assessment scores of medical staff in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05); the satisfaction of medical staff in the observation group with the teaching mode was higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Vestibular rehabilitation training has significant effects on sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo. Training medical staff not only enhances their understanding of training methods but also enables them to provide specialized guidance to patients, improving their vertigo condition.

A Qualitative Study on the Self-Management Experiences and Outpatient Nursing Needs of Intestinal Stoma Patients During the Post-Discharge Transition Period

Yueqing Ren, Ye Li, Baoling Zhou, Yuqing Wang, Yunfen Sun — Thu, 04 Dec 2025 15:32:27 +0800

Objective: To explore the self-management experiences and outpatient nursing needs of intestinal stoma patients during the post-discharge transition period, in order to provide a basis for scientific decision-making in patient self-care and improvements in specialized stoma outpatient services. Methods: Using purposive sampling, 13 colorectal cancer patients in the post-discharge transition period who had undergone intestinal stoma surgery were selected from a tertiary hospital in Shandong Province between November 2024 and March 2025. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method to extract themes. Results: Three core themes were identified: challenges in self-management during the transition period, outpatient nursing needs during the transition period, and gaps in doctor-patient information continuity. Conclusion: Future efforts should focus on high-risk groups of stoma patients during the transition period by building intelligent and systematic outpatient guidance and support systems to improve their quality of life.

Study on the Distribution Characteristics and Blood Type Analysis of Voluntary Blood Donors in the Linxia Region

Guangzhong La, Anbing Wang, Yan Chang — Thu, 04 Dec 2025 15:48:57 +0800

Objective: To analyze the distribution and blood type characteristics of unpaid blood donors in Linxia area from 2012 to 2021, provide the basis for the strategy of recruiting safe blood sources in the future, ensure sufficient and safe blood supply, and promote the sustainable development of unpaid blood donation in this area. Methods: Collect the data of unpaid blood donors in Linxia area, and make statistics, comparison and analysis based on the query information of the fourth generation safe blood transfusion standardization system and the free blood donation registration form. Results: The total number of blood donors was 151131 and the ratio of male to female blood donors was 2.61∶1. People aged 18–45 were the main blood donors, accounting for 80.78% of all unpaid blood donors. 37.19% of people with junior high school education or below; Farmers, other professionals and civil servants were the main subjects of blood donation, accounting for 15.74%, 14.98% and 12.12%, respectively. The blood group distribution was O > B > A > AB, and the negative rate was 8.2%. Blood type O was the most common in Hezheng County (34.08%). The distribution of blood type B in Kangle County (31.99%), blood type A in Yongjing County (29.58%), blood type AB in Dongxiang County (10.18%). Conclusion: The unpaid blood donors in Linxia area have significant characteristics in terms of gender, age, occupation, education level, etc. to master the distribution characteristics of the unpaid blood donors and blood types in Linxia area is helpful to carry out targeted publicity and recruitment of unpaid blood donation and blood collection, and is of great significance to continuously strengthen the contingent of unpaid blood donors and fully guarantee the clinical blood demand under the new situation.

Research on Synergistic Regulation of Sleep-Emotion-Behavior Based on SLS Magnesium Glycinate Complex Liquid Supplement

Li Jing, Veira Kwok, Rachel Chung, Jade Cooper, Jacob Kwok — Thu, 04 Dec 2025 16:03:33 +0800

Hyperactivity and tic symptoms in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have a bidirectional association with sleep disorders, while magnesium deficiency is a key nutritional factor exacerbating this vicious cycle. The SLS Magnesium Glycinate Complex Liquid Supplement formula adopts the core logic of "sleep improvement - mood stabilization - behavioral regulation" and enhances the neuromodulatory effects of magnesium ions through multi-component synergy. Tailored to the developmental needs of different stages aged 4-16 years, the formula features a child-friendly dosage design, forming a closed-loop regulation in aiding sleep, reducing tics, and maintaining daytime functioning. A 3-month clinical trial showed that the formula improved sleep efficiency by 15%-23%, reduced tic frequency by 21%-32%, and enhanced emotional stability scores by 24%-30% across all age groups with ADHD, with good safety and tolerability. This study provides a targeted nutritional intervention solution for ADHD, and its age-stratified design concept offers scientific reference for precise nutritional support during different developmental stages of children and adolescents.

Study on the Efficacy of High-Throughput Real-Time Mass Spectrometry Detection of Exhaled Breath for Rapid Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Thu, 04 Dec 2025 16:34:45 +0800

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of high-throughput real-time mass spectrometry detection technology for exhaled breath in the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), providing a novel technological support for early screening and diagnosis of PTB. Methods: A total of 120 PTB patients admitted to a hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the case group, and 150 healthy individuals and patients with non-tuberculous pulmonary diseases during the same period were selected as the control group. Exhaled breath samples were collected from all study subjects, and the types and concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the samples were detected using a high-throughput real-time mass spectrometer. A diagnostic model was constructed using machine learning algorithms, and core indicators such as diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of this technology were analyzed and compared with the efficacy of traditional sputum smear examination, sputum culture, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF detection. Results: The diagnostic sensitivity of the high-throughput real-time mass spectrometry diagnostic model for exhaled breath in diagnosing PTB was 92.5%, the specificity was 94.0%, and the AUC was 0.978, which were significantly higher than those of sputum smear examination (sensitivity 58.3%, specificity 90.0%, AUC 0.741). Compared with GeneXpert technology, its specificity was comparable (94.0% vs 93.3%), and the detection time was shortened to less than 15 minutes. The model achieved an accuracy of 91.3% in distinguishing PTB from other pulmonary diseases and was not affected by demographic factors such as age and gender. Conclusion: High-throughput real-time mass spectrometry detection technology for exhaled breath has the advantages of being non-invasive, rapid, highly sensitive, and highly specific, and holds significant clinical application value in the rapid diagnosis and large-scale screening of PTB, warranting further promotion.

Root Resorption Caused by Thin Roots Combined with Reciprocal Movement: A Case Report and Nursing Care Points

Aoshuang Wang, Jiajia Wei — Thu, 04 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Root resorption is a significant complication in orthodontic treatment, with thin roots and reciprocal movement being recognized as high-risk factors. This paper reports a case of a 19-year-old female patient who underwent orthodontic treatment for dental irregularity. The patient had thin roots in the maxillary lateral incisors 12 and 22. During treatment, tooth 22 experienced reciprocal movement of labial expansion followed by retraction, while tooth 12 adopted passive ligation to reduce reciprocal movement. After 23 months of straight-wire extraction treatment, good occlusal relationships were achieved, but significant root resorption occurred in teeth 12 and 22, with tooth 22 showing more severe resorption. This case confirms the synergistic effect between thin roots and reciprocal movement, demonstrating that thin roots are more sensitive to reciprocal movement stimulation, producing a synergistic amplification effect. Additionally, standardized nursing guidance and patient compliance management play important roles in reducing resorption risk. This case emphasizes the importance of pretreatment risk assessment, individualized treatment strategy formulation, and comprehensive nursing intervention throughout treatment, providing reference for clinical prevention of root resorption.

Application of Quality Control Circle Activities in Reducing Loss Rate During Storage of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces: An Effectiveness Study

Bin Liu, Meiling Shao, Li Chen — Thu, 04 Dec 2025 16:55:13 +0800

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of Quality Control Circle (QCC) activities in reducing the loss rate during storage of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) decoction pieces in our hospital pharmacy department. Methods: A QCC team was established to systematically analyze the causes of TCM decoction piece losses. Using quality improvement tools including Pareto charts, the 80/20 rule, and fishbone diagrams, we identified key areas for improvement and developed targeted intervention strategies. The study period spanned from January to December 2023, with pre-intervention data collected from January to December 2022. Loss rates were calculated and compared before and after QCC implementation. Results: According to the “80/20 rule” analysis, the primary improvement targets were identified as inadequate maintenance of decoction pieces and dispensing losses. Following QCC implementation, the loss rate of TCM decoction pieces decreased significantly from 1.27% (pre-intervention) to 0.65% (post-intervention), achieving an improvement rate of 47.40%. The total monetary loss decreased from 9,592.62 RMB to 4,546.97 RMB. Conclusion: QCC activities can effectively reduce the loss rate of TCM decoction pieces in hospital pharmacy departments, improve the quality of herbal medicines, ensure patient medication safety, and enhance pharmaceutical service quality. This systematic approach provides a valuable framework for continuous quality improvement in TCM pharmacy management.

Correlation Analysis Between Symptom Clusters and Quality of Life in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Xiaoling Weng — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 14:19:03 +0800

bjective: This study aims to investigate the patterns of symptom occurrence in patients experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). It will explore the composition of symptom clusters and analyze the correlation between these clusters and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: A total of 207 patients with AE-COPD were surveyed from a tertiary grade A hospital. Data collection was conducted using three validated instruments: the Basic Information Questionnaire (BIQ), Disease Symptom Survey Questionnaire (MSAS), and Quality of Life Questionnaire (CAT). Statistical software SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the correlation between symptom clusters and quality of life. Results: Exploratory factor analysis showed that five major symptom clusters existed in the patients, including the psycho-emotional symptom cluster, the sleep-related symptom cluster, the other side effects symptom cluster, the energy deficiency symptom cluster and the cough-loss of appetite symptom cluster, and the severity of the symptom clusters showed a significant negative correlation with the quality of life of the patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Strengthening the comprehensive management of symptom clusters in patients with AE-COPD can help to effectively reduce the symptom burden of patients, and then significantly improve their quality of life.

A Retrospective Analysis of Higher Vocational Medical Education Based on the CIPP Model

Jian Yang, Gang Duan, Zhen Feng, Rong Huang, Fang Fang, Wendan Lv — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Higher vocational medical education plays a crucial role in the cultivation of outstanding medical talents. Based on the CIPP evaluation model (Context, Input, Process, Product), this paper conducts a systematic analysis of the development of higher vocational medical education, explores the achievements and challenges faced at each stage from multiple dimensions, and puts forward improvement suggestions. This study uses the CIPP model to carry out a systematic review of medical education programs and analyzes their application value from both theoretical and practical perspectives.

Analysis of the Efficacy of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills Combined with Rosuvastatin Calcium and Clopidogrel Bisulfate Tablets in the Treatment of Phlegm-Heat and Blood Stasis Type Angina Pectoris of Coronary Heart Disease

Chunxia Hu, Weifen Wang, Tianyou Wang, Ling Zhang, Danhua Zheng — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 15:27:41 +0800

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills combined with rosuvastatin calcium and clopidogrel bisulfate tablets in treating phlegm-heat and blood stasis type angina pectoris of coronary heart disease. Methods: Sixty-four patients with phlegm-heat and blood stasis type angina pectoris of coronary heart disease, hospitalized at Lin’an District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2024 to April 2025, were selected and randomly divided into a control group (administered 10mg of rosuvastatin calcium and 75mg of clopidogrel bisulfate once daily) and an observation group (administered 2 Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills three times daily in addition to the control group’s treatment regimen), with 32 patients in each group. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared. Results: After 56 days of treatment, the angina pectoris score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (4.49 ± 0.39 vs 4.88 ± 0.47, p < 0.05); the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) score indicated improvement in the frequency of angina pectoris attacks. (SAQ-AF: 71.35 ± 5.29 vs. 64.25 ± 7.55, p < 0.05) and treatment satisfaction (SAQ-TS: 58.79 ± 6.22 vs. 54.16 ± 5.02, p < 0.05) were more significantly improved in the observation group. The total effective rate (96.87% vs. 90.62%, p < 0.05) and marked effective rate (62.50% vs. 31.25%) were higher in the observation group than in the control group. The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome score (4.49 ± 0.39 vs. 4.88 ± 0.47, p < 0.05) and lipid index (LDL-C: 1.79 ± 0.31 vs. 1.99 ± 0.33 mmol/L, p < 0.05) decreased more significantly in the observation group. Conclusion: Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills combined with rosuvastatin calcium and clopidogrel bisulfate tablets demonstrated good efficacy and high safety in the treatment of phlegm-heat and blood stasis type angina pectoris associated with coronary heart disease.

Analysis of the Application Effect of Community Health Center Nursing Models in Elderly Health Examinations

Qingrong Meng — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 15:41:14 +0800

Objective: To explore the application effect of optimizing the nursing model in community health centers for elderly health examinations, providing a reference for enhancing the management level of elderly health at the grassroots level. Methods: A total of 300 elderly individuals who underwent health examinations at our center from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 150 cases in each group. The control group underwent the conventional health examination nursing process, while the observation group adopted an optimized community nursing model, which included stratified education and appointment scheduling before the examination, full-time accompaniment and safety care during the examination, and the establishment of electronic medical records and continuous follow-up after the examination. Differences in health management awareness rates and satisfaction with health examination services between the two groups of elderly individuals were compared. Results: The health management awareness rate in the observation group was 94.67%, significantly higher than that in the control group (78.00%; p < 0.001). The satisfaction rate with health examination services in the observation group was 96.00%, also significantly higher than that in the control group (82.00%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The optimized community nursing model can effectively enhance the health awareness level and service satisfaction of elderly individuals during health examinations, demonstrating strong practicality and promotion value. It contributes to achieving continuity and precision in grassroots elderly health management.

Benefit Analysis and Discussion of the Same Disease in Different Departments of Public Hospitals under the DIP Payment Method

Shanlan Song, Shengshan Zhu, Heng Wang — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 15:50:49 +0800

Objective: This study aims to explore the benefit analysis of the same disease in different departments of public hospitals under the DIP payment method. Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis that selected clinical data from patients who received treatment in the Department of Orthopedics and the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion at our hospital from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. The study compared the costs of medications, examinations, treatments, laboratory tests, nursing and other expenses, and total treatment costs between the two departments. It analyzed the cost structure of the two departments and proposed further improvement suggestions. Results: The study results indicated that the total costs in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion were significantly higher than those in the Department of Orthopedics. Among medication costs, the total medication costs in the Department of Orthopedics were higher than those in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, with costs for Western medicine, proprietary Chinese medicine, and herbal medicine all being higher (p < 0.05). Regarding examination costs, consultation fees in the Department of Orthopedics were lower than those in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, while examination costs were higher (p < 0.05). In terms of treatment costs, orthopedic treatment and surgical fees were higher than those in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (p < 0.05). For laboratory test costs, orthopedic laboratory fees were significantly higher than those in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (p < 0.05). Among nursing and other expenses, orthopedic blood transfusion, bed fees, and other expenses were higher than those in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, while nursing fees were lower (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Treatment fees in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion are the core and account for a relatively high proportion of the total costs. The benefits generated by the Department of Orthopedics are primarily derived from medication, examination, and laboratory fees, aligning with the characteristics of combining diagnosis, medication, and surgical intervention in orthopedic treatment. Consultation fees, nursing fees, and bed fees in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion are higher than those in the Department of Orthopedics, indicating a longer treatment cycle in acupuncture, which warrants clinical attention.

Multidisciplinary Collaborative and Refined Nursing for a Patient with Severe Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Ran Wang, Junhua Liang, Juanjuan Ning, Zhenzhen Yuan, Shuping Gao — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 16:00:34 +0800

This paper summarizes the nursing experience of a 75-year-old patient who developed exfoliative dermatitis-type drug eruption induced by cold medicine and progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). The core nursing measures included (1) Establishing a multidisciplinary team and implementing bundled care led by trauma specialist nurses; (2) Precise wound management using the “three-stage debridement method” and silver ion dressings; (3) Implementing multimodal analgesia based on dynamic pain assessment; (4) Strengthening fluid, electrolyte, and nutritional management; and (5) Providing individualized psychological support. After 14 days of treatment and nursing, the patient’s wounds were completely epithelialized, infection indicators returned to normal, pain was effectively controlled, and the patient was discharged successfully. No serious complications were observed during the 6-month follow-up. For elderly critically ill patients with TEN, constructing a systematic nursing model based on multidisciplinary collaboration and centered on trauma care is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

A Qualitative Study on Diagnosing Myopia Using the Ratio of Axial Length to Corneal Radius of Curvature

Lijuan Zeng, Ming Yang — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To investigate the influence of axial length (AL), corneal curvature (CR), and the ratio of axial length to corneal radius of curvature (AL/CR) on myopia in children, and to evaluate the accuracy and specificity of AL/CR in diagnosing myopia in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 200 children (400 eyes) aged 6–12 years were recruited from the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of Fuling District People’s Hospital from December 2022 to December 2023. AL, CR, and AL/CR were measured, and comprehensive optometry was performed under cycloplegia, with the results recorded in spherical equivalent (SE) form. Results: A total of 200 subjects (400 eyes) were included in this study, of which 330 eyes (82.50%) were myopic. No significant differences in CR were observed among different refractive groups, while significant differences were noted in SE, AL, and AL/CR. The AL and AL/CR ratios were higher in myopic eyes compared to emmetropic and hyperopic eyes. Using cycloplegia as the gold standard, SE in the myopia group was correlated with AL, AL/CR, and CR, with stronger correlations observed with AL and AL/CR. An AL/CR value > 3 demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.918, specificity of 0.786, misdiagnosis rate of 0.214, missed diagnosis rate of 0.082, and accuracy of 89.5% in diagnosing myopia. Conclusion: AL and AL/CR values are highly correlated with SE, with the strongest correlation observed in the myopia group. The AL/CR value exhibits high diagnostic value in determining myopia in children.

Research on the Relationship Between Imaging Characteristics Changes of Pulmonary Infections in Patients with Hypo-immunity and NLR, PCT Levels and Their Severity

Xiang Wang, Jinhong Zhao, Chongrui Yan, Yi Liu — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 16:26:50 +0800

Objective: To explore the imaging characteristics changes of pulmonary infections in patients with hypo-immunity and analyze the correlation between NLR, PCT levels and their severity. Methods: This study included 80 patients with hypo-immunity and pulmonary infections who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital from October 2022 to October 2024. Imaging examinations were performed on the patients. Subsequently, the patients were divided into a severe group and a mild group based on the severity of their disease. Univariate analysis was conducted, and variables with statistical significance from the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to clarify the correlation between plasma NLR, PCT levels, and their severity. Results: Imaging examinations revealed that ground-glass opacities in the lungs were centered around the hilum, with patchy or map-like distributions accompanied by reticular shadows. The affected areas and normal lung areas were interspersed, with a tendency to merge. Some patients also developed pneumothorax. Ground-glass opacities were the most characteristic manifestation, which could also present as reticular shadows, interstitial thickening, miliary shadows, multiple small nodules, intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, and a small amount of pleural effusion. In the correlation analysis, NLR and PCT were statistically significant in the univariate analysis (p < 0.05). When included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis, NLR (OR = 2.846, 95% CI: 2.402–3.358) and PCT (OR = 1.958, 95% CI: 1.554–2.601) were found to be positively correlated with the severity of pulmonary infections in patients with hypo-immunity. Conclusion: The imaging manifestations of patients with impaired immune function are complex and diverse, primarily including patchy, linear, massive, cavitary, and diffuse lesions, among other forms. These manifestations not only assist physicians in identifying the presence of pulmonary infections but also provide crucial information for diagnosing the type, severity, and complications of the infections. The levels of NLR (Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio) and PCT (Procalcitonin) exhibit a positive correlation with the severity of pulmonary infections in patients with impaired immune function, warranting significant attention.

A Case of Medical Damage Identification of Balloon Rupture and Retention Complicated with Acute Ischemic Stroke

Zhijie Liu, Jianwen Song — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 16:37:13 +0800

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and endovascular stenting have become very important methods for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis and vertebrobasilar artery stenosis. In this case, the patient suffered from balloon rupture during the operation, with the tip of the balloon catheter retained and fixed on the stent in the subclavian artery segment, and subsequent acute ischemic stroke complicated by balloon rupture and retention. This is a rare type of device and operation-related complication. Through this case, a detailed analysis of the faults and deficiencies in the diagnosis and treatment of balloon rupture during interventional surgery is conducted, in order to provide a reference for solving similar problems.

End-of-Life Care: A Case Study on Palliative Care Practice for a Child with Pineal Tumor

Hui Ma, Minxuan Shi, Yuanyuan Tong, Huiping Wang, Yang Liu — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 17:14:14 +0800

Palliative care extends beyond the individual child to encompass their family, healthcare providers, and broader socio-emotional networks. Timely and analytically informed palliative interventions not only alleviate the emotional burden experienced by terminally ill children and their family caregivers due to prolonged caregiving but also enhance the quality of life in the child’s final stages. Currently, it is particularly important to note that an overemphasis on the healing function of physical spaces may risk relegating humanistic care to the margins once again. Therefore, when accompanying children through their end-of-life journey, it is essential to fully respect their need to express memories, maintain autonomy, and preserve dignity. They should be gently “seen” and compassionately accompanied until the very end, thereby facilitating a meaningful farewell that embodies a form of spiritual ecology.

Epidemiological Characteristics of a Varicella Outbreak in a Primary School and Analysis of Vaccine Protection Efficacy

Lin Gui — Fri, 05 Dec 2025 17:20:41 +0800

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a varicella outbreak in X Primary School in 2024, evaluate the protective efficacy of varicella vaccine, summarize the characteristics of varicella outbreaks, and provide references for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools and emergency response. Methods: Symptoms of all ill students were analyzed to clarify the epidemiological characteristics, and the Cox regression model was used to analyze the protective efficacy of varicella vaccine. Results: The varicella epidemic lasted for one month, involving 3 classes in 2 grades. A total of 16 varicella cases were identified in the school, with an attack rate of 1.78%. The vaccination status of 142 students was analyzed for vaccine protective efficacy. Comparison with unvaccinated students showed that the protective efficacy of 1 dose of varicella vaccine was not significant, while the protective efficacy of 2 doses of varicella vaccine was 82.10%. Conclusion: Vaccination with 2 doses of varicella vaccine provides the best protective effect. Timely isolation of ill students after the outbreak can effectively control large-scale varicella outbreaks.

The Application Effect of a Three-Subject, Dual-Track Interactive Nursing Model Based on Smart Nursing in Patients with Intestinal Polyps

Baoqin Wang, Xiaojuan Ding, Dexi Ding, Chunli Tang, Shujuan Fan — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To explore the clinical value of a three-subject, dual-track interactive nursing model based on smart nursing in patients with intestinal polyps. Methods: From July 2024 to February 2025, 200 patients with intestinal polyps admitted to our hospital were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group, with 100 patients in each group, based on different nursing methods. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group received a three-subject, dual-track interactive nursing model based on smart nursing. The nursing effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: The first defecation time in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (p < 0.05). After nursing, the ESCA score, CSES score, scores for the right colon, transverse colon, left colon, total BBPS score, intestinal preparation qualification rate, and nursing satisfaction in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of a three-subject, dual-track interactive nursing model based on smart nursing in patients with intestinal polyps can effectively alleviate gastrointestinal function, improve self-care ability, and enhance nursing satisfaction.

Trajectory and Influencing Factors of Postoperative Vulnerable Symptom Clusters in Lung Transplant Recipients

Xue Li, Ying Jin, Jing Hu, Junrong Ding — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 15:42:52 +0800

The first three months after lung transplantation are the clinical “vulnerable period”. Complications during this period often appear in the form of symptom clusters. The core includes primary graft dysfunction (PGD), infection, inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction, and are interconnected to form a complex network. The symptom cluster shows a clear dynamic trajectory: the risk of PGD peaks at 24 hours after surgery, and its evolution trajectory (recovery, delay, deterioration) directly affects long-term graft function; infections show a “double peak distribution”, with bacteria/fungi dominant in the early stage (< 1 month) and viruses/opportunistic infections dominant in the middle stage (1–6 months), and promote each other with PGD. Influencing factors include four dimensions: donor (smoking history, infection), recipient (weakness, immune status), perioperative period (surgical method, support strategy) and postoperative management (balance of immunosuppression). In the future, dynamic prediction models and individualized management paths need to be built to improve patient outcomes.

The Application Effect of the Discharge Preparation Plan Based on the ADOPT Nursing Model in Patients with First-Visit Ischemic Stroke

Xueru Ma, Peiming Li — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To investigate the application effect of the discharge preparation plan based on the ADOPT nursing model in patients with first-visit ischemic stroke. Methods: Eighty patients with first-visit ischemic stroke admitted to our hospital from June 1, 2024 to November 31, 2024 were selected and divided into a control group (June 1, 2024 to August 30, 2024) and an intervention group (September 1, 2024 to November 31, 2024) according to different admission times, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received routine care and discharge guidance, while the intervention group received a discharge preparation plan based on the ADOPT model on the basis of routine care. The discharge readiness [Discharge Readiness Scale (RHDS)] of patients on the day of discharge was compared. Self-efficacy at 3 months after discharge [evaluated using the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (SECD6)], activities of daily living [evaluated using the Barthel index (BI)], blood glucose and blood pressure indicators (diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, FPG, 2 h PG), and readmission rate within 3 months after discharge were also compared between the two groups. Results: On the day of discharge, the RHDS-related dimension scores of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group (t = 17.993, 8.560, 10.243, p < 0.05); Three months after discharge, the SECD6 score and BI score of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group (t = 8.910, 10.899, both p < 0.05); Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, FPG and 2h PG in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group (t = 8.868, 4.794, 3.829, 7.121, all p < 0.05); Within 3 months after discharge, the readmission rate of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group (χ² = 5.165,2 p < 0.05). Conclusion: The discharge preparation plan based on the ADOPT nursing model, when applied to patients with first-visit ischemic stroke, can not only enhance self-efficacy and discharge preparation, improve activities of daily living, but also optimize blood glucose and blood pressure indicators and reduce the readmission rate, which is worthy of reference.

A Study on the Preferences of Undergraduate Nursing Students for Clinical Teaching: Based on Discrete Selection Experiments

Yao Zeng, Shuang Li, Yulan Jia, Ying Yang, Xiang Liao, Xi Wang — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To investigate the preference characteristics and relative importance of each core factor in the teaching program for undergraduate nursing students during clinical practice, and to provide empirical support for the creation of a student-centered, formalized clinical teaching system that meets the actual needs of nursing students. Methods: The quantitative research method of discrete choice experiment was adopted, and the questionnaire was designed based on the random utility theory. Through a systematic literature review, semi-structured interviews, and two rounds of Delphi expert consultations, six core attributes of the instructor, namely educational qualifications, teaching methods, frequency of individualized guidance, operational practice opportunities, feedback timeliness, and instructor title, and their corresponding levels were determined. The study period was from January 2024 to January 2025, and 158 undergraduate nursing students who chose to intern at Deyang People’s Hospital were selected as the research subjects. A survey tool with 12 choice sets was created using Ngene software, and then statistical analysis was performed on the obtained data using the conditional Logit model to measure the impact of each attribute on the choice behavior of nursing students. Results: The results showed that the conditional Logit model fitted well (likelihood ratio chi-square = 85.32, p < 0.001). The analysis results indicated that the most important teaching attributes for undergraduate nursing students were, in order: the academic qualifications of the teaching instructor (master vs. Junior college, β = 0.42, p < 0.01), individualized guidance frequency (daily vs. Weekly, β = 0.38, p < 0.01), operational practice opportunities (more vs. less, β = 0.31, p < 0.05), and the timeliness of feedback (timely versus delayed, β = 0.29, p < 0.05). The influence of the title of the instructor was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Undergraduate nursing students show a clear and systematic preference structure for clinical teaching, with a high expectation of frequent personalized guidance from highly educated teachers, as well as sufficient operational opportunities and timely teaching feedback.

Observation on the Application of Case-based Three-dimensional Teaching Method Guided by Evidence-Based Thought in the Teaching of Intern Nurses in the Rehabilitation Department

Qiurong Mi — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To explore the effect of implementing the case-based three-dimensional teaching method guided by evidence-based thinking in the teaching of trainee nurses in the rehabilitation department. Method: Eighty nursing practice nurses who were conducting clinical practice learning in the Rehabilitation Department of Deyang People’s Hospital from June 2024 to May 2025 were selected as the research subjects. By using the controlled grouping method, the practice nurses from June 2024 to November 2024 were taken as the control group (n = 40). The period from December 2024 to May 2025 was taken as the experimental group (n = 40 students), the control group was taught by traditional teaching methods, and the experimental group was taught by evidence-based nursing combined with case teaching method. The clinical thinking ability, autonomous learning ability, exit assessment scores and teaching satisfaction of the two groups of intern nurses at the time of leaving the department were compared. Results: At the time of leaving the department, the scores of each dimension and the total score of clinical thinking ability of the intern nurses in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (t = 9.268, 6.354, 6.199) 9.694, all p < 0.05). At the time of leaving the department the scores of each dimension and the total score of the autonomous learning ability of the intern nurses in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (t = 6.998, 7.333, 5.503, 5.977, 22.244) all p < 0.05). At the time of leaving the department the theoretical assessment scores and operational assessment scores of the experimental group were both higher than those of the control group (t = 14.546, 11.676, all p < 0.05). At the time of graduation, the teaching satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (χ² = 7.314, p < 0.05. Conclusion: The adoption of the case-based three-dimensional teaching. Rehabilitation method guided by the evidence-based ideology during the teaching process can effectively improve the clinical thinking ability, autonomous learning ability, departmental assessment results and teaching satisfaction of the intern nurses in the rehabilitation department, which is worthy of reference.

Investigation and Research on the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Intensive Care Unit Nurses on Pulmonary Rehabilitation after Cerebral Hemorrhage Surgery Based on the IKAP model

Zhuling Jiang — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 16:23:41 +0800

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors of ICU nursing staff regarding pulmonary rehabilitation after cerebral hemorrhage surgery, and to analyze the influencing factors based on the IKAP (Information-knowledge-belief-behavior) model, in order to provide a basis for optimizing nursing project management. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among ICU nursing staff in a tertiary grade A hospital from January to June 2025. A self-compiled questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and practice of pulmonary rehabilitation after cerebral hemorrhage was used, which included demographic data, knowledge dimension (10 questions), belief dimension (10 questions), and behavior dimension (10 questions). The questionnaire was scored on a Likert scale of 5, with a higher total score indicating a better level of knowledge, attitude and practice. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were used for the data using SPSS 25.0. Results: A total of 120 questionnaires were distributed, and 115 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with an effective recovery rate of 95.8%. Nursing staff scored (7.2 ± 1.5) points (out of 10) in the knowledge dimension, (8.0 ± 1.2) points (out of 10) in the belief dimension, and (6.5 ± 1.8) points (out of 10) in the behavior dimension. There were statistically significant differences in knowledge-attitude-practice scores among nursing staff of different ages, years of service and titles (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that years of service and training experience were the main influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and practice (β = 0.25, p < 0.01). Conclusion: ICU nursing staff have a moderate level of knowledge and behavior regarding pulmonary rehabilitation after cerebral hemorrhage surgery, have positive beliefs, but their practical behavior needs to be strengthened. Nursing project management based on the IKAP model can improve the quality of care through intensive training and personalized intervention.

Application of Shexiang Baoxin Pill Combined with Rosuvastatin Calcium Tablets in the Treatment of Angina Pectoris due to Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease

Jingjiao Hui — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 16:34:34 +0800

Objective: To analyze the therapeutic efficacy of Shexiang Baoxin Pill combined with Rosuvastatin Calcium Tablets (ROS) in patients with angina pectoris due to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD-AP). Methods: Eighty CHD-AP patients admitted for treatment from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and evenly divided using a random number table. The combined group (40 cases) received treatment with Shexiang Baoxin Pill combined with ROS, while the reference group (40 cases) received ROS monotherapy. The overall response rate, frequency and duration of AP attacks, blood lipid levels, and cardiac function indicators were compared between the two groups. Results: The combined group exhibited a higher overall response rate than the reference group. After treatment, the frequency and duration of AP attacks were lower in the combined group than in the reference group. Additionally, blood lipid levels and cardiac function indicators were superior in the combined group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Shexiang Baoxin Pill and ROS demonstrates favorable therapeutic effects in CHD-AP patients, effectively preventing AP attacks, regulating blood lipid levels, protecting cardiac function, and reducing disease risk.

Evaluation of the Efficacy Rate of Rebamipide Combined with Triple Therapy in the Treatment of Senile Peptic Gastric Ulcers

Rong Li — Mon, 08 Dec 2025 16:42:09 +0800

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy rate of rebamipide combined with triple therapy in the treatment of senile peptic gastric ulcers. Methods: A cohort of 68 elderly patients diagnosed with peptic gastric ulcers was enrolled in this study between January 2022 and December 2024. Using the envelope method for randomization, the patients were divided into two equal groups: a control group administered standard triple therapy and an observation group that received the same triple therapy supplemented with rebamipide. The clinical efficacy, gastric mucosal morphology (mucosal thickness, gland density, active inflammatory cell infiltration, chronic inflammatory cell infiltration), and pepsinogen I/II were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of all items in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). After treatment, the ratios in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and the ratio in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Rebamipide combined with triple therapy can significantly improve the treatment efficacy of senile peptic gastric ulcers, effectively improve the histological status of the gastric mucosa, and promote the recovery of gastric mucosal function, with superior efficacy compared to triple therapy alone.

The Impact of Early Initiation of Intensive Lipid-Lowering Therapy on the Efficacy and Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Yue Kan, Yongfu Zhao, Hong Gao, Shihao Zhao, Jiaxu Liu, Zhanxiu Zhang — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 15:49:57 +0800

Objective: To investigate the impact of early initiation of intensive lipid-lowering therapy on the postoperative efficacy and inflammatory factors in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 100 ACS patients undergoing PCI admitted to our hospital were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group (treated with statin combined with ezetimibe, n = 41), a study group 1 (initiated with statin combined with PCSK9 inhibitor immediately after surgery, n = 32), and a study group 2 (routinely administered oral statin and initiated with combined PCSK9 inhibitor before discharge, n = 27). The therapeutic efficacy, inflammatory factor levels, and incidence of adverse events were compared and analyzed among the three groups. Results: The therapeutic regimen in study group 1 demonstrated the optimal efficacy and impact on inflammatory factors, followed by study group 2, while the control group showed relatively weaker efficacy, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The overall incidence of adverse reactions was 30.00% in the control group, 5.00% in study group 1, and 10.00% in study group 2, with statistically significant differences among the groups (p < 0.05), with the lowest incidence observed in study group 1. Conclusion: Early intensive lipid-lowering therapy can effectively improve lipid metabolism, suppress inflammatory responses, and reduce cardiovascular events in ACS patients after PCI, suggesting its pleiotropic cardiovascular protective effects.

Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Biliary Cholestatic Liver Disease in an Infant with ABCB4 Gene Mutation: A Case Report

Aixia Peng, Yufeng Lu — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 15:59:18 +0800

Objective: To summarize the clinical manifestations, gene mutation type, treatment, and follow-up results of one admitted infant with biliary cholestatic liver disease caused by ABCB4 gene mutation, so as to improve the understanding of this rare disease. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, gene mutation type, treatment, and follow-up data of one infant with biliary cholestatic liver disease caused by ABCB4 gene mutation. Results: The patient was a 1 month 23-day old male infant. His main clinical manifestations included dark yellow skin, rash, and pruritus. The disease onset was early, and his serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level was elevated. Genetic analysis revealed two newly identified point mutations in the ABCB4 gene, namely c.1576G > A and c.2596A > G heterozygotes, which were inherited from his father. The infant was cured after treatment with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and no recurrence was observed during a 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: This study reports a case of biliary cholestatic liver disease caused by ABCB4 gene mutation in an infant, which expands the mutation spectrum of the ABCB4 gene. It also provides a reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease using integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Coronary Artery Disease in Middle-Aged and Older Women

Ban Hong — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 16:09:04 +0800

Objective: This study aims to assess the influence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) on the risk and severity of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in middle-aged and elderly women (40–75 years old), to inform evidence-based prevention and management strategies for this population. Methods: A retrospective study enrolled 200 middle-aged and elderly female patients (aged 40–75 years) who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) at our hospital between January 2024 and March 2025. Participants were divided into an MS group (n = 88) and a non-MS group (n = 112) based on meeting MS diagnostic criteria. General clinical data including age, body mass index [BMI], blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids, and more were collected for both groups. The severity of coronary artery lesions was quantified using the Gensini score. Differences in the positive rate of coronary artery lesions, the number of diseased vessel segments, and Gensini scores between the two groups were compared. Results: Patients in the MS group exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of coronary artery lesions (79.55% vs. 48.21%, p < 0.001), a greater proportion of multivessel disease (46.59% vs. 18.75%, p < 0.05), and higher Gensini scores (25.72 ± 14.28 vs. 16.35 ± 9.86, p < 0.05) compared to the non-MS group. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease in middle-aged and elderly women, substantially increasing both the incidence and severity of coronary lesions. Clinical efforts should focus on enhancing screening and comprehensive intervention for metabolic syndrome in this population to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.

The Impact of Robot-Assisted Training on Upper Limb Function in Elderly Stroke Patients

Wenting Jia, Chengyuan Zhu, Hua Xu, Chunhua Yuan, Xin Zhuang, Yue Huang — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 16:22:23 +0800

Objective: To investigate the effects of robot-assisted training on upper limb function in elderly stroke patients. Methods: Seventy elderly stroke patients treated in the Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Jiangsu Provincial Organ Hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were randomly divided into an intervention group (n = 35) and a control group (n = 35). In addition to conventional rehabilitation and nursing care, both groups received 40 minutes of daily upper limb training. The control group underwent entirely manual training, whereas the intervention group received a combination of 20 minutes of manual and 20 minutes of robot-assisted training. All participants completed this protocol five times weekly for four weeks, with assessments of upper limb motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) conducted pre- and post-intervention. Results: After treatment, both groups showed significant increases in Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA-UE) and Barthel Index (BI) scores compared to before treatment (p < 0.01). The intervention group had higher FMA-UE scores than the control group (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in BI scores between the two groups after treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Robot-assisted training can improve upper limb motor function and enhance ADL capabilities in elderly stroke patients.

Study on the Effects of Umbilical Acupuncture’s “Wind-Thunder Interaction Method” on Neuro-Vascular Regulatory Peptide Groups in SCH Patients with Liver Stagnation and Spleen Deficiency

Yongfeng Li, Jialin Cheng, Hairong Wang, Bihai Zhou, Jianguo Mao — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 16:32:50 +0800

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the umbilical acupuncture’s “Wind-Thunder Interaction Method” in treating schizophrenia (SCH) patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency. Methods: A total of 120 SCH patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency were selected and evenly divided by ball drawing. The umbilical acupuncture group received the “Wind-Thunder Interaction Method”, while the Western medicine group received pure Western medicine treatment. The outcomes were compared in terms of efficacy and other indicators. Results: The umbilical acupuncture group showed a higher total effective rate, a decrease in disease symptom scores, lower scores on the side effect rating scale, improved cognitive function scores, and excellent laboratory indicators, with p < 0.05 between the groups. Conclusion: The “Wind-Thunder Interaction Method” of umbilical acupuncture demonstrated a relatively high effectiveness in treating SCH patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency, alleviating symptoms, reducing side effects, improving cognitive function, and facilitating the recovery of neuro-vascular regulatory peptide groups.

The Application of Scenario Simulation Teaching Method Based on Debriefing-GAS Mode in the Teaching of Clinical Nursing students

Shasha Liu — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 16:47:16 +0800

Objective: To explore the application effect of scenario simulation teaching method based on Debriefing-GAS mode in the teaching of clinical nursing students in neurosurgery and its influence on critical thinking, clinical practice ability and teaching satisfaction. Methods: A total of 100 nursing students who were doing their internship in the Department of Neurosurgery at a tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province from July 2024 to June 2025 were selected and divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 50 students in each group, using the historical control grouping method. The control group used the traditional teaching method for scenario simulation, while the experimental group used the Debriefing-GAS model for scenario simulation teaching. The teaching effect was evaluated using the DASH scale, the CIDI-CV scale, the clinical practice ability scale and the self-made teaching satisfaction questionnaire, and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0. Results: The total DASH score of the experimental group (6.45 ± 0.41) was significantly higher than that of the control group (5.12 ± 0.47, t = 14.01, p < 0.001); The total score of critical thinking ability (338.6 ± 22.5) was higher than that of the control group (307.8 ± 24.1, t = 6.55, p < 0.001); The score of clinical practice ability (189.4 ± 15.2) was significantly higher than that of the control group (168.7 ± 14.9, t = 6.49, p < 0). Teaching satisfaction was 96% in the experimental group and 82% in the control group, statistically significant (χ² = 4.32, p = 0.038). Conclusion: The scenario simulation teaching method based on the Debriefing-GAS model can significantly improve the learning initiative, reflective ability, critical thinking level and clinical practice ability of clinical nursing students, and enhance teaching satisfaction.

Research on the Mechanism of the lncRNA DLX6-AS1/miR-26a/PTEN Axis in Regulating the Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells in Post-hepatitis Liver Fibrosis: An Analysis Based on Systematic Validation and Clinical Translation Methods

Yan Wang, Chao Gao, Dongqin Fei, Fang Zhang, Qi Zhang — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 17:06:25 +0800

Objective: To elucidate the role and clinical potential of the lncRNA DLX6-AS1/miR-26a/PTEN axis in liver fibrosis. Methods: Systematic studies were conducted using cellular and animal models through causal validation, bivariate experiments, single-cell sequencing, ROC analysis of clinical samples, and humanized mouse models. Results: LncRNA DLX6-AS1 inhibited PTEN by adsorbing miR-26a, promoting hepatic stellate cell activation in a dose/time-dependent manner; the axis demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance (AUC > 0.9), and its inhibitors effectively reversed fibrosis in vivo. Conclusion: This study provides new biomarkers and targeted therapeutic strategies for liver fibrosis.

Application of the Integration of Teaching-Research-Clinic Trinity Model in the Teaching of Nervous System in Physiology

Wed, 10 Dec 2025 13:23:26 +0800

Physiology is an important basic course for medical majors. The content of the nervous system is abstract, the theories are profound, the knowledge is updated rapidly, and it is most closely connected with clinical practice. Students generally report difficulties in understanding, resulting in low learning interest. To improve teaching quality, this study has attempted to organically integrate clinical cases, scientific research methods and classroom teaching in the teaching of the nervous system, and constructed a “clinical-research-teaching” trinity teaching model. With “clinical problem-driven, scientific research thinking-driven, teaching scenario reconstruction” as the main line, real cases, scientific research examples and cutting-edge research progress in neuroscience were introduced to stimulate students’ learning interest and cultivate their scientific thinking and clinical application abilities. Practice has shown that this model can effectively improve teaching effectiveness and students’ comprehensive quality. Compared with the traditional teaching model, this teaching model significantly improved students’ final exam scores (p < 0.01), scores of the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (p < 0.01), and the number of approved college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship projects. It is proved that the “trinity” teaching model can stimulate learning interest, cultivate integrated medical talents, and is an effective way to achieve in-depth connection between basic medicine and clinical practice.

Technical Guidelines for Autologous Skin-Grafting Surgery to Prevent Stenosis Following Super Minimally Invasive Resection of Large-Area Esophageal Lesions

Qianqian Chen, Runze Wang, Huikai Li, Enqiang Linghu — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 13:43:51 +0800

Autologous Skin-Grafting Surgery after Super Minimally Invasive Resection (ASGS-SMIR) is a novel endoscopic repair technique developed under the guidance of the Super Minimally Invasive Surgery (SMIS) concept. Based on previous clinical research results and combined with the ten core treatment principles of SMIS, this guideline systematically elaborates on the indications, contraindications, preoperative evaluation, surgical operation standards, postoperative management, and efficacy evaluation system of ASGS-SMIR. This surgery achieves effective repair of large-area mucosal defects and stenosis prevention in the esophagus through the technical process of “skin flap harvesting, mesh processing, sleeve suture, and stent fixation”. The purpose of this guideline is to promote the standardized and normalized application of this technique and provide guidance for clinical practice.

Research Progress on Astaxanthin in Exercise-Induced Fatigue

Guanyinliang Wen — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 13:58:46 +0800

Exercise-induced fatigue represents a complex physiological response triggered by physical exertion, with its mechanisms primarily originating from central and peripheral systems. Central fatigue arises from neurotransmitter imbalances such as elevated serotonin and reduced dopamine levels, leading to drowsiness and diminished motor performance. Peripheral fatigue occurs at the muscular level, where energy depletion, metabolic waste accumulation, and oxidative stress impair muscle contraction function. Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant, directly and primarily alleviates peripheral fatigue through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mitochondrial protective effects. Simultaneously, by improving the peripheral environment and reducing the transmission of fatigue signals to the brain, it indirectly helps alleviate central fatigue. Based on this, this paper reviews the mechanisms of action and related research progress of astaxanthin on exercise-induced fatigue, and discusses its application value and challenges based on the current status.

The Value of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Health Education Model in Enhancing the Coping Ability of Caregivers of Children with Febrile Seizures

Beibei Zhai, Lilin Gao — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 14:09:49 +0800

Objective: To analyze the impact of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) health education model on the coping ability of caregivers of children with febrile seizures. Methods: A total of 60 caregivers of children with febrile seizures admitted to our hospital from May 2024 to April 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group (receiving conventional health education) and a research group (receiving the KAP health education model). The health knowledge mastery, coping ability, anxiety levels, recurrence rates of the children, and caregiver satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: The research group demonstrated higher scores in health knowledge mastery and coping ability, lower scores in anxiety and depression, a lower recurrence rate of febrile seizures in children, and higher caregiver satisfaction compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The KAP health education model can effectively enhance the coping ability of caregivers of children with febrile seizures, alleviate their anxiety, reduce the recurrence rate of febrile seizures in children, and improve caregiver satisfaction. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Exploring the Importance of Health Education during Pregnancy Based on the Health Belief Model

Cuicui Sun — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 14:24:52 +0800

Pregnancy health education is of great significance for the health of both mothers and infants, and the Health Belief Model (HBM) provides a key theoretical framework for it. The HBM consists of six constructs: perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. It can facilitate the transformation from “knowing” to “believing” and then to “acting” for pregnant women. Pregnancy health education based on the HBM can improve maternal and infant health outcomes, enhance specific health knowledge and safe behaviors, and promote the establishment of healthy lifestyles. Its intervention implementation involves assessment, planning, implementation, and re-assessment processes, and the educational content needs to be constructed according to the characteristics of the early, middle, and late stages of pregnancy. However, the application of the HBM faces challenges such as cultural adaptability, digital integration, and the lack of long-term effect evaluation. In the future, targeted optimization is needed to improve the pregnancy health education system and ensure maternal and infant health.

Development and Reliability and Validity Analysis of an Assessment Tool for Postoperative Wound Healing in Adult Patients with Benign Anal Canal and Rectal Diseases

Wed, 10 Dec 2025 14:38:23 +0800

Objective: This study aims to develop an assessment tool for postoperative wound healing in adult patients with benign anal canal and rectal diseases and to validate its reliability and validity. Methods: Based on Levine’s Conservation Model as the theoretical framework, an item pool was formed through literature review, and the initial draft of the scale was refined through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation. A total of 200 postoperative patients were selected for item analysis, internal consistency testing, content validity, and structural validity analysis. Results: The final tool comprises four dimensions: energy conservation, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity, with a total of 24 items. It demonstrates good content validity (I-CVI 0.82–1.00, S-CVI/Ave 0.95, S-CVI/UA 0.87) and excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α for the overall scale was 0.934). Exploratory factor analysis revealed a KMO value of 0.931, Bartlett’s test of sphericity χ² = 4147.853 (p < 0.001), and four common factors were extracted, accounting for a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.345%, indicating ideal structural validity. Conclusion: The results indicate that the assessment tool has good reliability and validity and can systematically evaluate postoperative wound healing, providing a scientific basis for clinical individualized nursing interventions.

Clinical Study on Acupoint Injection Combined with Intraspinal Anesthesia for Labor Analgesia in Primiparas

Shuaihui Zeng, Zesen Zhan, Zijing Zhang — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 14:59:10 +0800

Objective: To investigate the effects of intraspinal anesthesia combined with acupoint injection at Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) on labor progression and delivery outcomes in full-term primiparas. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 303 full-term primiparas who delivered between July and December 2023. According to the analgesic method, the participants were divided into an observation group (n = 110) and a control group (n = 193). Maternal general characteristics, mode of delivery, duration of each labor stage, incidences of uterine inertia, urinary retention, and intrapartum fever, as well as neonatal outcomes, were compared between the two groups. Results: The rate of vaginal delivery in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). The duration of the first stage of labor was significantly shorter (p < 0.05). The incidences of uterine inertia and urinary retention were both significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in neonatal Apgar scores or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) transfer rates between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Intraspinal anesthesia combined with acupoint injection at Zusanli and Sanyinjiao can increase the rate of vaginal delivery, shorten the first stage of labor, and reduce obstetric interventions in full-term primiparas, without increasing adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes.

Analysis of the Efficacy of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy and Non-Invasive Ventilation in COPD Patients

Wed, 10 Dec 2025 15:18:50 +0800

Patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often suffer from respiratory failure and require respiratory support therapy. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) are commonly used non-invasive respiratory support methods. HFNC can provide precisely heated and humidified high-flow oxygen, reducing dead space and increasing alveolar ventilation. NIPPV can supply stable high-concentration oxygen and improve gas exchange. This article reviews the application of HFNC and NIPPV in the acute exacerbation stage of COPD, aiming to provide references for reasonable clinical selection.

Current Application Status and Evidence-Based Medicine Review of Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia in Internal Medicine with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

Chunxiao Wang — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Functional Dyspepsia (FD) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder in internal medicine, characterized by a protracted course and high recurrence rate, significantly affecting patients’ quality of life. Western medical treatment primarily focuses on symptomatic relief, with limitations such as limited long-term efficacy and a high likelihood of adverse reactions. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herbal treatment for FD, based on syndrome differentiation and treatment, offers advantages of holistic regulation and fewer side effects. With the development of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, the application of herbal medicine in FD treatment has gradually shifted from a single syndrome-based approach to a synergistic model of “herbal medicine + conventional Western medical regimen”. This review summarizes the application of herbal medicine under the guidance of TCM theory, the practice of herbal medicine in integrated traditional Chinese and Western medical settings, and the grading and evaluation of evidence-based medicine. Through analysis, the aim is to further promote the standardized and evidence-based application of herbal medicine in the integrated treatment of FD.

Mediating Effect of Medical Coping Styles in Patients with Chronic Pain between Pain Degree and Pain Catastrophe

Qiang Hui, Yan Hua — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 15:40:35 +0800

Objective: To explore the relationship between pain degree and pain catastrophe and medical coping mode in patients with chronic pain. Methods: A visual analogue score scale, medical coping style questionnaire and pain catastrophe scale were used to survey 200 patients in the pain department. Results: The average scores of pain degree of patients with chronic pain were (5.97 ± 2.29), the average score of the total score of the Pain Catastrophe Scale was (21.21 ± 11.56), and the average scores of facing, avoidance and surrender in the Medical Response Style Questionnaire were (17.93 ± 3.4), (16.82 ± 2.4), and (8.87 ± 2.83), respectively. Pain degree was positively correlated with the yield dimension in pain catastrophe and medical coping (p < 0.05). The yield dimension of medical coping was positively correlated with pain catastrophe (p < 0.05). Medical coping methods played a partial mediating role between pain degree and pain catastrophe, and the mediating effect accounted for 21.59% of the total effect. Conclusion: The pain level of chronic pain patients can affect the level of pain catastrophe through medical coping, and clinical medical staff should guide patients to adopt positive coping methods to promote their healthy recovery.

Real-world Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Idebenone Tablets in the Treatment of Post-stroke Depression

Longteng Liang, Pengfei Liu, Guoai Lun — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 15:52:08 +0800

Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of idebenone tablets in the treatment of post-stroke depression (Post-Stroke Depression, PSD). Methods: This study was a single-arm, prospective, observational study that recruited PSD patients who met the inclusion criteria after being assessed by the investigator between January 2022 and June 2023. The demographic characteristics, disease status, treatment status, and medication status of the patients were collected through questionnaires, and the Hamilton depression score of the patients was collected through the Case Report Form (CRF)to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of idebenone tablet treatment. Results: A total of 4902 PSD patients were included in this study, of which 2496 were males, accounting for 50.9%, and 2406 were females, accounting for 49.1%. According to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), 13.9% were no depression at the first visit, 53.0% were mildly depressed, 24.3% were moderately depressed, and 8.8% were severely depressed. After treatment, the proportion of no depression was 26.1%, mild depression accounted for 53.3%, moderate depression accounted for 16.8%, and severe depression accounted for 3.8%, and the difference in the proportion of depression before and after treatment was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Idebenone tablets can significantly reduce Hamilton’s depression score, suggesting that it has a significant therapeutic effect in improving PSD symptoms.

Real-world Study on the Effectiveness and Safety of Citicoline Sodium Capsules in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury

Ping Liang, Jun Yang, Yuan Lu, Cheng Du, Yiqin Yao — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 16:04:52 +0800

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of citicoline sodium capsules on patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI)and its safety. Methods: This study is a multicenter, single-arm, prospective, observational study of brain trauma patients who met the inclusion criteria between March 2023 and June 2024 and who could be treated with citicoline sodium capsules after being evaluated by the investigator. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the incidence of adverse drug reactions/adverse events during treatment, and the abnormalities of safety tests with clinical evaluation significance were observed at 1 month and 2 months after treatment. Results: A total of 2806 patients, 63.1% of whom were male, with an average age of 58.85 years old. The GCS and MMSE scores of the patients at 1 month and 2 months after treatment were significantly improved and were statistically significant, indicating that citicoline sodium had a significant effect on improving the state of consciousness and cognitive function of patients with TBI. Only 8 adverse reactions were reported in the study, all of which were mild gastrointestinal reactions and anaphylaxis, and did not lead to treatment interruption or serious consequences. Conclusion: Citicoline sodium has a significant therapeutic effect on patients with TBI and has good safety.

In-Depth Exploration of the Efficacy of Hook Plate-Double Ligament Dynamic Fixation for HACD

Jun Ge — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 16:15:57 +0800

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of dynamic fixation with a hook plate-double loop plate internal fixation system for high-energy acromioclavicular joint complex dislocation (denoted as HACD, i.e., Rockwood type III-V dislocation). Methods: Fifty-eight patients with HACD were selected and evenly divided by drawing lots. The experimental group underwent ligament reconstruction treatment, while the reference group received hook plate fixation treatment. The efficacy and other indicators were compared between the groups. Results: The overall effective rates between the groups were similar (P > 0.05). The experimental group had a longer surgical duration, lower pain scores at 6 months postoperatively, higher shoulder joint function scores, and a lower complication rate, with P < 0.05 when compared between groups. Conclusion: The effectiveness of the double loop plate internal fixation system ligament reconstruction treatment for patients with HACD is comparable to that of hook plate fixation treatment. Although the surgical duration is slightly longer, postoperative pain is milder, facilitating the recovery of shoulder joint function in patients and offering higher safety.