Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research

A Case Study on the Treatment of Obesity-Type Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Zhuang Medicine Mao Xia Yin

Xiaolin Zhang — 2025-05-12

As an important branch of traditional medicine, Zhuang Medicine is renowned for its unique prescriptions and techniques in clinical treatment, with significant therapeutic effects and widespread popularity. This article introduces Professor Fang Gang’s experience in treating obesity-type polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with modified Zhuang Medicine Mao Xia Yin. Professor Fang Gang proposes that the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity-type polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) primarily stem from spleen deficiency, which impairs the transport of water and dampness. This dysfunction leads to the accumulation of dampness that transforms into phlegm. Over time, the stagnation of phlegm and dampness generates internal heat, resulting in the formation of “dampness toxin,” “phlegm toxin,” and “heat toxin.” These pathological toxins obstruct the circulation of Qi and blood, causing stasis and the emergence of “stasis toxin.” The buildup of these toxins ultimately blocks the three channels and two pathways, disrupting the harmony among the three Qi of heaven, earth, and man. This disharmony culminates in impaired uterine gland function. Therefore, the treatment mainly focuses on tonifying deficiency, detoxifying, and regulating Qi.

Role of Ferroptosis in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Jianmeng Lv — 2025-05-29

Ferroptosis is a novel form of non-apoptotic cell death that has been widely studied in recent years and is involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes. The core treatment goal of ischemic stroke is to restore blood flow as early as possible, while the pathological mechanism of reperfusion injury after restoring blood flow is complex, involving oxidative stress, calcium overload, and inflammatory response. In recent years, more and more studies have found that ferroptosis mediation is involved in the occurrence and development of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. This paper elaborates on the concept, mechanisms, and regulation of ferroptosis, detailing its role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and potential inhibition strategies. The aim is to deepen the understanding of ferroptosis in this pathological process and provide insights for possible targeted therapies.

Efficacy and Safety of Miao Medicine Jinlong Zhi Xie Fang ‎Enema in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis (Large Intestine ‎Damp-Heat Syndrome): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Chongwu Che — 2025-05-29

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease‎ that significantly affects the quality of life of patients. Traditional treatments often have limitations, and alternative therapies are being explored. Miao Medicine, ‎particularly Jinlong Zhi Xie Fang Enema, is a traditional herbal remedy used to ‎treat UC symptoms, especially in patients with Large Intestine Damp-Heat Syndrome. However, clinical evidence supporting its efficacy is limited.‎

Application of Responsibility-based Holistic Nursing in Elderly Patients with Severe Pneumonia

Ying Cui — 2025-05-30

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of applying responsibility-based holistic nursing in elderly patients with severe pneumonia. Methods: Ninety-six elderly patients with severe pneumonia admitted to a hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group (52 cases) and a control group (44 cases) based on a random number table method. The observation group received responsibility-based holistic nursing, while the control group received basic nursing. The clinical effects (time to normalize body temperature, disappearance of cough, disappearance of dyspnea symptoms, disappearance of lung rales, changes in oxygenation index) and nursing satisfaction were observed in both groups. Results: The observation group showed superior results compared to the control group in terms of time to normalize body temperature, disappearance of cough, disappearance of dyspnea symptoms, disappearance of lung rales, and changes in oxygenation index, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The satisfaction rate with nursing services in the observation group (92.31%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (86.36%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Implementing responsibility-based holistic nursing in elderly patients with severe pneumonia can improve their oxygenation function, enhance quality of life, and increase nursing satisfaction.

Research Status and Progress of Related Indicators for Early Diagnosis and Prognosis Evaluation of Autoimmune Encephalitis

Dandan Shi — 2025-05-30

Addressing the challenges of difficult early diagnosis and the incomplete prognosis evaluation system for Autoimmune Encephalitis (AE), this study comprehensively reviews the relevant indicators for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of AE. The analysis reveals that multiple indicators currently exhibit unique value in the diagnosis and treatment of AE, but each has its limitations. This article aims to systematically review these indicators and clarify their current application in clinical practice, to help improve the accuracy of early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of AE, and provide a theoretical basis for clinicians to develop more effective treatment strategies.

Analysis of the Effect of Comprehensive Nursing on the Psychological State of Patients with Pulmonary Micro-nodules

Cuifang Liu — 2025-05-30

Objective: To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing on relieving psychological pressure in patients with pulmonary micro-nodules. Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with pulmonary micro-nodules who received diagnosis and treatment in our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were randomly divided into control and observation groups. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group received comprehensive nursing. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the patients’ psychological states before and after nursing. Patient satisfaction with nursing was analyzed using a nursing satisfaction survey scale. Results: After nursing, the SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction rates of the observation and control groups were 98.33% and 83.33%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing intervention for patients with pulmonary micro-nodules can effectively relieve their psychological pressure and improve nursing satisfaction, demonstrating clinical value.

Application of the External Treatment Method of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Elderly Diabetic High-Risk Foot Based on the Theory of “Preventive Treatment of Disease”

Meilan Li — 2025-06-03

Diabetic foot (DF) has emerged as one of the most common chronic consequences of diabetes mellitus, characterized by prolonged disease duration, high treatment costs, a poor prognosis, and a high disability rate. Diabetic high-risk foot is the early stage of diabetic foot, the “disease prevention” of “treating no disease”, which provides a critical window for clinical prevention and treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has emphasized the importance of preventive health care since ancient times. External therapies such as acupuncture, massage, acupoint injection, foot bath fumigation, and moxibustion have the advantages of simplicity, low cost, precise efficacy, and fewer side effects in preventing and treating diabetic high-risk foot. The multidisciplinary synergistic model formed by TCM complementary therapies and modern medical treatments, such as nutritional, peripheral nerve, and blood glucose regulation, provides new ideas for establishing standardized prevention and treatment protocols. In this paper, studies related to TCM-related complementary therapies for diabetic high-risk feet are systematically reviewed. Current advances in external application in TCM were described to better understand its effectiveness and safety in elderly patients.

Efficacy Study of Molecular Diagnostic Techniques for Monitoring Tuberculosis Relapse

Huai Huang — 2025-06-03

The purpose of this article is to analyze the efficacy of molecular diagnostic techniques for monitoring tuberculosis relapse. After analyzing the connotation of molecular diagnostic techniques and their specific application process in tuberculosis relapse monitoring, a total of 200 cured tuberculosis patients were selected (100 in the experimental group and 100 in the control group). During the 12-month follow-up period, the experimental group was monitored by molecular diagnostic techniques, while the control group was monitored by traditional techniques. Finally, by comparing the performance indicators of the two monitoring methods, as well as the relapse situations and outcomes of patients, it was demonstrated that molecular diagnostic techniques have higher efficacy in tuberculosis relapse monitoring.

Influence of Personalized Nursing on Improving the Satisfaction of Emergency Pediatric Nursing

Lihua Huang — 2025-06-03

Personalized nursing is a necessary means to improve the satisfaction of emergency pediatric nursing. It can enhance the responsiveness of nursing services, strengthen the emotional connection between nurses and patients, and provide a theoretical basis for clinical practice. Therefore, in the context of the new era, it is necessary to deeply analyze the essence and connotation of personalized nursing, and analyze the existing deficiencies in current emergency pediatric personalized nursing, so as to develop effective improvement plans. Research shows that personalized nursing can significantly improve the satisfaction of emergency pediatric nursing, largely avoid nursing risks, and has strong clinical application value. This article summarizes and explores the research on the influence of personalized nursing on improving the satisfaction of emergency pediatric nursing, and puts forward corresponding views.

Research Progress on Unplanned Readmission of Enterostomy Patients

Jingjing Wang — 2025-05-30

From the perspective of unplanned readmission in patients with enterostomy, this study reviewed the incidence, influencing factors and intervention measures, to provide reference for increasing the attention of medical staff, early detection of risk factors and formulation of personalized intervention measures.

Role of Tisp40/Smad2 Protein in High Glucose-induced Renal Interstitial Fibrosis

Yapeng Wang — 2025-06-05

Objective: To observe the effect of high glucose staining on human renal tubular epithelial cells (HKC) and to investigate the role of Tisp40/Smad2 protein in diabetes-induced renal fibrosis. Methods: Human renal tubular epithelial cells (HKC) were cultured in vitro and cells were incubated with a final concentration of 25, 50, and 100 mM high glucose for 24 h. The cell viability was detected by the CCK-8 assay; cells were treated with a final concentration of 50 mM high glucose for 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and the degree of cell damage by high glucose at different time points was detected. Cells were treated with final concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 mM glucose for 24 h. Tisp40 protein expression was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Tisp40 mRNA expression was detected by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To observe the effect of high glucose on Tisp40/Smads signaling proteins, the Tisp40 cells were divided into six groups: (1) the normal control group; (2) the 25 mM high glucose group; (3) 50 mM high glucose group; (4) 100 mM high glucose group; (5) Tisp40-positive control group; (6) Tisp40-stimulated group (100 mM high glucose + 50 mM Tisp40), and the expression level of phosphorylated Smad2 protein (p-Smad2) was detected by immunoblotting (Western blot). Results: Compared with the control group, the survival rate of HKC cells decreased significantly with the increase of high glucose staining dose and time (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. ELISA results showed that the expression of Tisp40 protein was elevated to 44.3, 63.7, and 82.6 μg/ml after 24 h of high glucose action on HKC cells and the induction was in a dose-dependent manner. RT-PCR showed that the expression level of Tisp40 mRNA increased significantly with increasing glucose concentration, which was 2.75, 5.42 and 9.67 times higher than that of the control group, respectively, and the induction was in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The Western blot showed that the expression level of p-Smad2 protein increased significantly after 24h of glucose action in the cells at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mM glucose (P < 0.05), and the amount of p-Smad2 protein reached the maximum under the co-stimulation of 100 mM high glucose + 50 mM Tisp40 given to the cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Abnormal expression of Tisp40 and p-Smad2 was involved in the process of high glucose-induced HKC cell injury and Tisp40-induced high expression of Smads proteins played an important role in high glucose-induced renal fibrosis.

Research on Predicting the Nephrotoxicity Mechanism of Lianqiao-4 Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Qingchun Bai — 2025-06-04

Objective: To predict the nephrotoxicity mechanism of Lianqiao-4 through network pharmacology and molecular docking methods. Methods: The main chemical components of Lianqiao (Forsythia suspensa), Bistortae rhizoma, Ophiopogonis radix, and Clematidis radix et rhizoma, as well as nephrotoxicity-related targets, were screened through databases such as TCMSP, Swiss Target Prediction, GeneCards, and ETCM. Venny 2.1.0 was used to identify the main components of Lianqiao-4 and nephrotoxicity targets. The STRING platform and David database were utilized to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network diagram, while gene function (GO) enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted. The “Lianqiao-4 active ingredients-nephrotoxicity targets-signaling pathways” network model was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software. Results: Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis revealed that the core active ingredients responsible for the nephrotoxicity mechanism of Mongolian medicine Lianqiao-4 include steroidal saponins such as ophiopogonin A, flavonoids like kaempferol and quercetin, steroidal compounds such as β-sitosterol and sitosterol, and other key regulatory targets including STAT3, ABCG2, HSP90AA1, MMP9, PTGS2, and EGFR. Major pathways involved include lipid and atherosclerosis, chemical carcinogenesis - DNA adducts, and arachidonic acid metabolism. Conclusion: Mongolian medicine Lianqiao-4 exerts its therapeutic effect on nephrotoxicity through multiple components, targets, and pathways, pending experimental verification.

Study on the Influence of Nutrition Intervention on Children’s Health during Follow-Up of High-Risk Infants

Bei Li — 2025-06-04

High-risk infants, from fetal stage to 3-year-old, face severe physical and mental development threats due to biological, psychological, or environmental factors. These threats can lead to developmental delay and cognitive impairment, affecting their future quality of life and social integration. Scientific health management, with nutritional intervention as a key part, is urgently needed. Nutritional intervention, through targeted supplementation and feeding guidance, can optimize their development, avoid nutritional-related deviations, reduce long-term disease risk, and lay a healthy growth foundation. This study analyzes the positive effects of nutritional intervention on high-risk infants’ physical growth, neural development, and disease prevention, providing scientific evidence for optimizing clinical follow-up strategies.

Multidimensional Strategies to Prevent and Control Risk Factors in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanistic Explorations and Advances in Clinical Practice

Li Yang — 2025-06-05

Background: Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia globally, poses a dual challenge of thromboembolic and bleeding risks, with stroke being the most devastating complication. Despite advancements in anticoagulation and rhythm control, patient outcomes remain suboptimal. Aim: This review synthesizes current evidence on the pathophysiological mechanisms, multidimensional management strategies, and emerging innovations in NVAF to inform clinical practice and future research directions. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across nine databases (CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and MEDLINE) using combined Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and free-text terms, including “atrial fibrillation,” “non-valvular atrial fibrillation,” “risk factors,” and “mechanism” (and their Chinese equivalents). Studies on NVAF pathogenesis, therapeutic interventions, and risk stratification tools were analyzed. Results: (1) Risk Factors and Pathophysiology: NVAF progression is driven by hemodynamic stress (e.g., hypertension), metabolic disorders (e.g., obesity, diabetes), chronic inflammation, and fibrosis. Biomarkers such as CRP and Galectin-3, along with TGF-β/Smad signaling, are central to atrial remodeling. (2) Anticoagulation Controversies: While NOACs reduce stroke risk compared to warfarin (HR = 0.79), challenges persist in extreme body weight populations and drug-drug interactions (e.g., with P-glycoprotein inhibitors). (3) Left Atrial Appendage Closure (LAAC): LAAC demonstrates non-inferiority to anticoagulation in stroke prevention (HR = 0.79) with reduced major bleeding (HR = 0.49), though device-related thrombosis (1.8–7%) remains a concern. (4) Precision Medicine: AI-driven models enhance stroke prediction (AUC = 0.71; sensitivity 92%), while genotype-guided warfarin dosing shortens INR stabilization by 40%. (5) Lifestyle Interventions: Combined Mediterranean diet and moderate exercise reduce AF burden (HR = 0.69) and reverse left atrial enlargement (LAVI reduced by 12%). (6) Multidisciplinary Care: Integrated “heart-brain team” approaches combining LAAC and PFO closure lower annual stroke recurrence from 8.2% to 2.1%, while comprehensive rehabilitation improves functional capacity (6MWD + 45 m) and quality of life (SF-36 + 12 points). Conclusion: NVAF management has evolved from isolated anticoagulation to a multidimensional paradigm integrating genomics, AI, and lifestyle modification. Future priorities include validating long-term outcomes of novel therapies, addressing evidence gaps in special populations, and implementing digitally enabled, cross-disciplinary care models to mitigate the global burden of NVAF-related complications.

A Comprehensive Review of the Phenomenon of Nipple Confusion and Coping Strategies

Chong Yang — 2025-05-30

Nipple confusion, a term that accurately describes the confusion that occurs between the mother’s nipple and the artificial teat during feeding in newborns. Specifically, it refers to the fact that babies develop specific breastfeeding habits after birth, based on their initial feeding experience. For babies who are accustomed to their mother’s nipple, they tend to show resistance to bottle feeding; on the contrary, those who have adapted to bottle feeding may refuse to accept their mother’s nipple. This confusion is particularly common among mixed-feeding babies.

The Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Simin Li — 2025-06-04

With the accelerated pace of population aging in China, the number of patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI) is increasing annually. During disease progression, patients are at significantly higher risk of developing severe negative emotions, and emerging evidence suggests that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is significantly associated with cardiovascular disease, which seriously affects patients’ quality of life. Objective: The aim of this study was to comprehensively assess the prevalence and influencing factors of PTSD in MI patients through systematic review and Meta-analysis. Methods:A computerized search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) was conducted to collect longitudinal studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies related to PTSD prevalence rates and influencing factors in MI patients published up to August 1,2024.Literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment were done independently by two researchers and Meta-analysis was done using Stata 16.0 software. This study has been registered on the PROSPERO platform, registration number: CRD42024577243. Results: A total of 16 papers were included, with a total sample size of 3,768 cases involving 8 influencing factors.The results of the Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of PTSD in patients with MI was 20.4% (95% CI = 15.0–26.5%). Female (OR = 3.12, 95% CI = 1.97–4.97, P < 0.001), high neuroticism score (OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.20–4.07, P = 0.011), and high intrusive rumination score (OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.50–5.83, P = 0.002) were the risk factors for PTSD in MI patients. While age (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.98–1.04, P = 0.440), education level (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.07–4.48, P = 0.574), social support rating scale (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.52–1.26, P = 0.346), Killip cardiac function classification (OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 0.91–5.80, P = 0.080) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.99–1.05, P = 0.124) were not associated with the development of PTSD in MI patients. Conclusion: The prevalence of PTSD was higher in patients with MI. The prevalence varied by evaluation tool and study area. Risk factors were multifactorial, including general factors (female) and overall assessment (high neuroticism score, high invasive rumination score). Therefore, early intervention and proper de-escalation of PTSD symptoms in patients with MI by medical staff are needed in clinical practice to reduce the risk of PTSD.

Scope of Nursing Practice as Perceived by Nurses Working in China: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey

Ningning Li — 2025-06-05

Purpose: To examine variations in Chinese nurses’ Actual Scope of Practice (ASCOP) by educational qualifications and professional titles, and to identify regulatory gaps in competency-based role assignments within China’s evolving healthcare system. Method: A nationwide cross-sectional study using the validated Chinese Nurses’ ASCOP Questionnaire is used. Data from 1,540 nurses were analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni correction. ASCOP scores (1–5 scale) were compared across education levels (diploma, bachelor’s, postgraduate) and titles (junior/senior). Results: The overall ASCOP score was 3.95, with significant disparities in high-complexity tasks: postgraduate nurses (4.25) and senior nurses outperformed diploma holders (3.71) and juniors (p < 0.01). Low-complexity tasks showed no educational differences (p > 0.05), though bachelor’s or postgraduate nurses reported higher frequencies (4.12 vs. 3.89). Alarmingly, 37.6% of junior nurses routinely performed high-risk procedures beyond their competency. Conclusion: A systemic mismatch exists between nurses’ qualifications and assigned responsibilities, reflecting inadequate regulatory oversight. To address this, this study recommends: (1) competency-based tiered authorization systems, (2) legal framework updates aligning with China’s healthcare reforms, and (3) dynamic monitoring mechanisms. These measures could standardize practice boundaries, mitigate occupational risks, and optimize nursing workforce utilization, particularly in resource-constrained settings.

Perioperative Nursing Gamification Course Design Based on Immersive Virtual Reality Technology Under the Concept of Medical and Educational Collaboration

Xiwei Xiao — 2025-06-04

This paper mainly discusses the perioperative nursing course teaching model suitable for higher vocational education. The core content of “perioperative nursing” course is set according to surgical nursing posts, and gamified course objectives are designed according to learners’ cognitive rules. Typical nursing tasks are used as the carrier, teaching case base is formed based on the concept of medical and educational collaboration, and gamified teaching situations are created based on VR technology to optimize the teaching process and enable students to experience the learning process immersive. Enhance students’ job competency and professional competence. In the course design, modular teaching, project teaching, team cooperation teaching, gamification teaching, VR immersive teaching, medical teaching collaborative evaluation and other modes are aggregated, and the course design of perioperative nursing is re-carried out.

Research on the Impact of Conception Vessel Dredging Therapy Based on the Theory of Shifting Essence and Changing Qi in Inner Canon of Huangdi on Physical and Mental Health

Yizhou Shen — 2025-06-04

This study, based on the theory of shifting essence and changing Qi in Inner Canon of Huangdi, deeply explores the theoretical basis, operation method of Conception Vessel Dredging Therapy and its influence on human health. Through case analysis and the statistical analysis of medical records during the pandemic, it reveals the remarkable effects of this method in regulating the endocrine system, improving metabolism, and relieving physical and mental diseases. It provides a theoretical and practical basis for the application of traditional Chinese medicine anti-aging therapy in the modern health field, and helps to explore new ways to delay aging and improve physical and mental health.

The Impact of Continuous Care on Independent Living Skills and Psychosocial Adaptation of Patients with Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage After Discharge

Xiaomin Sun — 2025-05-30

Objective: To analyze the value of continuous care for patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH). Methods: A total of 80 patients with HICH who visited our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups. The observation group received continuous care, while the control group received routine care. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The FIM score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The SCL-90 score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of HICH complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of continuous care in HICH nursing can enhance patients’ independent living skills outside the hospital, optimize their psychosocial adaptation, and is safe and efficient.

Study on the Effect of Drug Therapy Combined with Psychological Intervention on Adolescent Patients with Depression‌

Yue Wang — 2025-06-03

Research on the effects of drug therapy combined with psychological intervention in adolescent patients with depression represents a critical focus in contemporary psychiatric medicine. This study aims to explore the synergistic therapeutic approach of integrating pharmacological treatment with psychological interventions, focusing on its positive impacts on symptom alleviation, quality-of-life enhancement, and clinical recovery in adolescent depression. A cohort of 62 adolescents was selected as research participants, with randomized allocation into either monotherapy (drug-only) or combination therapy (drugs + psychological intervention) groups. Key evaluation metrics included anxiety levels, clinical efficacy, and incidence of adverse reactions‌.

Effects of Standardized Bronchoscopic Interventional Therapy on Efficacy and Degree of Stenosis in Patients with Airway Stenosis

Jiahe Wang — 2025-06-05

Objective: To analyze the treatment effect of standardized bronchoscopic interventional therapy (i.e., interventional therapy) on airway stenosis. Methods: Forty patients with airway stenosis admitted to the hospital between September 2022 and September 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The experimental group received interventional therapy, while the reference group received conventional treatment. The total effective rate, degree of airway stenosis, shortness of breath score, and lung function indicators were compared. Results: The total effective rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the reference group. The proportion of mild stenosis in the degree of airway stenosis was higher in the experimental group than in the reference group. The shortness of breath score was lower in the experimental group than in the reference group. The lung function indicators were better in the experimental group than in the reference group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Interventional therapy is effective for patients with airway stenosis, as it can reduce the degree of stenosis, improve symptoms of shortness of breath, and protect patients’ lung function.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Satisfaction of Nurses’ Full Humanistic Care in the Treatment and Nursing of Pediatric Nebulization

Lijun He — 2025-06-05

Objective: To evaluate the value of humanistic nursing care during pediatric nebulization treatment. Methods: From January 2024 to June 2024, 250 pediatric patients receiving nebulization treatment were given routine care and included in the control group. From July 2024 to December 2024, 250 pediatric patients receiving nebulization treatment were given full humanistic care by nurses and included in the observation group. The differences in patient compliance, symptom resolution time, parental satisfaction, and emotional scores were compared. Results: The compliance of pediatric nebulization patients in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The disappearance time of inflammation, cough, expectoration, fever, and hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Parental satisfaction with pediatric nebulization in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The scores of anxiety (SAS) and depression (SDS) among parents of pediatric nebulization patients in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of nurses’ full humanistic care in pediatric nebulization treatment can promote the resolution of respiratory system symptoms, optimize patients’ lung function, improve patient cooperation, and is highly effective and feasible.

Clinical Advances in Esophageal Anti-reflux Stents

Yongqi Dang — 2025-06-03

As an emerging treatment, esophageal anti-reflux stent has gradually become the palliative treatment of choice for many digestive diseases due to its features of low trauma, high safety, and conformity to the physiological and anatomical structure of the esophagus. This study presents a review of the latest clinical progress of esophageal anti-reflux stents to provide theoretical references for subsequent studies.

Clinical Observation on the Efficacy of TCM Syndrome Differentiation in Treating Gouty Nephropathy

Bin Wang — 2025-06-05

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation in the treatment of patients with gouty nephropathy. Methods: From June 2023 to December 2024, 80 patients with gouty nephropathy were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups: group A received TCM syndrome differentiation treatment, while group B received conventional treatment. The efficacy, laboratory indicators, symptom scores, and safety were compared between the two groups. Results: The efficacy of group A was higher than that of group B (P < 0.05). The uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and 24-hour urinary protein levels in group A were lower than those in group B (P < 0.05). The symptom score of group A was lower than that of group B (P < 0.05). The adverse reactions of gouty nephropathy in group A were lower than those in group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: TCM syndrome differentiation treatment for gouty nephropathy can alleviate symptoms, protect renal function, and is highly effective and feasible

Clinical Study of Autologous Skull Transplantation for the Treatment of Skull Defects

Haoran Zhang — 2025-06-03

Objective: To explore the clinical value of autologous skull transplantation in the treatment of skull defects. Methods: Sixty-six patients who underwent skull defect reconstruction treatment in our hospital from January 2022 to March 2024 were selected and divided into an autologous skull transplantation group (n=31) and an artificial bone transplantation material group (n=35) based on different bone transplantation materials. The two groups of patients were followed up for 12 months to observe the bone healing and the incidence of postoperative complications. Results: After 9 months of treatment, the bone healing performance of the autologous skull transplantation group was better than that of the artificial bone transplantation material group (P < 0.05). By the end of the last follow-up, the incidence of bony postoperative complications in the autologous skull transplantation group was lower than that in the artificial bone transplantation material group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Autologous skull repair for skull defects has good biocompatibility, can promote bone healing, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Application Analysis of Perioperative Comprehensive Nursing Management Intervention in Patients Undergoing Breast Surgery in Oncology Surgery

Mengmeng Qi — 2025-06-04

Objective: To analyze the effect of perioperative comprehensive nursing intervention on patients undergoing breast surgery in oncology surgery. Methods: A total of 100 patients undergoing breast surgery were selected as the study subjects and divided into a control group and a study group. The control group received routine nursing, while the study group received perioperative comprehensive nursing. The effects were observed. Results: The study group had lower negative emotion scores and complication rates than the control group, and higher range of motion of the affected shoulder joint and quality of life than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Oncology breast surgery is often accompanied by adverse psychological emotions during the perioperative period. To ensure surgical efficacy and postoperative recovery, comprehensive perioperative nursing measures can effectively prevent and develop complications, improve shoulder joint range of motion, and promote recovery.

Analysis of the Therapeutic Effect of ZhenGan XiFeng Decoction in the Acute Phase of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Yanguo Hua — 2025-06-03

Objective: To analyze the therapeutic effect of ZhenGan XiFeng Decoction in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) in the acute phase. Methods: Fifty-seven patients with HICH in the acute phase who visited the hospital from April 2024 to March 2025 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups. Group A received combined therapy with ZhenGan XiFeng Decoction, while Group B received conventional treatment. The efficacy, blood pressure, and symptom scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The effective rate of HICH patients in Group A was higher than that in Group B (P < 0.05). The SBP and DBP indicators of HICH patients in Group A were lower than those in Group B (P < 0.05). The symptom scores of HICH patients in Group A were lower than those in Group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The use of ZhenGan XiFeng Decoction in the treatment of acute HICH can enhance the effect of HICH management, stabilize blood pressure, and also relieve HICH-related symptoms.

Evaluating the Application of the PDCA Cycle Model in Nursing Management of the Hospital Disinfection Supply Room

Bo Zhang — 2025-06-04

Objective: To study the effectiveness of the PDCA cycle model in the nursing management of the disinfection supply room. Method: From March 2022 to February 2024, the hospital adopted the PDCA cycle model to manage the related work of the disinfection supply room. In this study, 40 nursing staff were selected as the research subjects. Sixty-five sets of data generated during the implementation of the PDCA model were selected, and 65 sets of similar data before the implementation were also selected. The relevant data information was compared and evaluated to understand the changes in work before and after the implementation of the PDCA cycle model management. Meanwhile, twenty departments in the hospital were selected to investigate the satisfaction before and after the implementation of the PDCA cycle model management. Result: After the implementation of the PDCA cycle model, the completion rates of various tasks were improved, and there was a significant difference compared with those before the implementation (P < 0.05). The work quality of each working link has also been improved since the implementation. Compared with that before the implementation of the PDCA cycle model, there are significant changes (P < 0.05). It can be learned from the comparison of satisfaction among various departments that the satisfaction of departments has improved after the implementation of PDCA, and there is a significant difference compared with that before the implementation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of the PDCA cycle model in the nursing management of the disinfection supply room can effectively improve the working conditions of the disinfection supply room and provide a basic guarantee for hospital treatment. Therefore, the PDCA cycle management model can be actively adopted in the actual work management.

The Application Effect of Operating Room Nursing for Cerebral Hemangioma Combined with Preventive Measures for Moderate and Hypothermia

Jiabin Zhou — 2025-06-04

Objective: To explore the application of moderate and hypothermia control in patients undergoing cerebral hemangioma surgery. By adjusting the precise body temperature of the patients and controlling the changes, the intraoperative and postoperative risks can be reduced, thereby better promoting postoperative recovery. Methods: Thirty patients undergoing cerebral hemangioma surgery were randomly selected as the subjects. All the patients were inpatients in the neurology department between May 2023 and May 2024. The control group received traditional routine nursing management. For the patients in the experimental group, in addition to traditional nursing management, there was also moderate and hypothermia intervention. The body temperature was monitored at three points: the tympanic membrane, esophagus, and rectum. The body temperature was effectively monitored to make it fluctuate within a relatively ideal range. The postoperative recovery was paid attention to and monitored. Key monitoring will be conducted on the intraoperative body temperature changes, hemodynamic indicators of the patients, as well as the postoperative awakening time and neurological function recovery indicators of the patients. Results: Compared with the control group, the patients in the experimental group with moderate to low body temperature had relatively gentle body temperature curves and little fluctuation in body temperature. In terms of hemodynamics, patients in the experimental group were more stable than those in the control group. Meanwhile, they recovered faster after the operation, the time required for patients to regain consciousness was shortened, and the incidence of postoperative complications was lower, especially infection, cerebral edema, and electrolyte abnormalities were more prominent. The comfort level and satisfaction of patients were relatively higher compared with those in the control group. Therefore, it can play a very good promoting role for the patient in the postoperative recovery. Conclusion: The application of moderate and low body temperature in cerebral hemangioma surgery can better stabilize the patient’s condition, reduce the occurrence of complications, and is conducive to the recovery of the patient’s neurological function. This method has changed the deficiency of body temperature management in traditional nursing and created a more ideal surgical environment for patients.

Clinical Value of Quantitative Scoring Nursing Intervention for Adverse Reactions in PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment

Na Jin — 2025-06-05

Objective: To monitor the incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), and to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions using a quantitative scoring system. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 65 cancer patients who received PD-1 therapy at the Oncology Department of Baotou Cancer Hospital from December 2023 to December 2024. The study examined the clinical features and blood test results related to irAEs. The National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) was used to grade the severity of these events, which were classified into five levels. Based on the NCI-CTCAE scores, appropriate nursing measures were implemented, and a comprehensive risk assessment framework was developed. Results: The study group showed lower complication rates, overall incidence, and average hospital stay compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Among the 65 patients, twenty-eight (43.07%) experienced a total of 35 irAEs, with 2 (5.71%) being grade 3 or 4. The most frequent irAEs were dermatological conditions (34.29%), particularly rash with itching. The occurrence of irAEs did not correlate with patient gender, age, blood parameters (hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, etc.), or liver function (P > 0.05), but it was associated with tumor type (P < 0.05). Conclusion: PD-1 treatment is generally safe, with a low incidence of severe (grade 3 or higher) irAEs. Close monitoring is essential to ensure early detection, intervention, and management of irAEs, thereby maintaining a low level of adverse events and enhancing the safety and efficacy of PD-1 therapy. Implementing a quantitative risk scoring system for nursing care can decrease the rate of complications, enhance patient safety, and potentially reduce hospital stays and medical costs.

Observation on the Effect of Internal Limiting Membrane Flipping and Covering Technique in the Treatment of High Myopic Macular Hole

Zhiwei Li — 2025-05-30

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) flipping and covering technique in the treatment of patients with high myopic macular hole (HMMH). Methods: One hundred and two patients with HMMH who were admitted to the hospital from June 2019 to June 2024 were selected. The minimum diameter of the macular hole (MH) in all patients was ≤ 500μm. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received 25G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with ILM flipping and covering technique, while the reference group received PPV combined with ILM peeling. The efficacy indicators and best corrected visual acuity levels were compared between the two groups. Results: The MH closure rate and retinal reattachment rate were higher in the experimental group than in the reference group at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (P<0.05). The best corrected visual acuity level was higher in the experimental group than in the reference group at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). The Chinese version of the Visual Function-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire-25 (CVRQOL-25) score was higher in the experimental group than in the reference group at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). No serious complications were observed in both groups postoperatively, and there was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The ILM flipping and covering technique can improve the MH closure rate and retinal reattachment rate in patients with HMMH (diameter ≤ 500μm), enhance the best corrected visual acuity level, and improve the quality of life related to visual function, with fewer postoperative complications.

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Chiglitazar in Patients with Renal Impairment: A Multicenter, Open-label, Parallel-controlled Phase I Clinical Trial

Jinjie Yuan — 2025-06-04

Background: Chiglitazar is a novel pan-agonist that can activate all three subtypes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. It was approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus as monotherapy on October 19, 2019, and as combination therapy with metformin when using metformin alone failed in blood glucose control on July 16, 2024, by the Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) of National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) in China. However, pharmacokinetic (PK) study of this product in patients with renal impairment have not yet been conducted. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of renal impairment on the PK and safety after a single oral dose of Chiglitazar. Methods: This multicenter, open-label, parallel-controlled, single-dose Phase I clinical trial (NCT 05515458) enrolled 24 participants (12/group) with severe renal impairment (SRI) or normal renal function (NRF). All participants received a single oral dose of 48mg chiglitazar after breakfast and the PK and safety was evaluated. Results: The median T_max was similar in both SRI and NRF groups (5.01 vs. 5.02 hours). The geometric mean ratios (GMR) for C_max, AUC_0-t, and AUC_0-∞ were 0.807 (90% confidence interval [CI]: 0.697–0.935), 0.853 (90% CI: 0.713–1.02), and 0.855 (90% CI: 0.716–1.02), respectively, indicating that SRI did not significantly affect the exposure of chiglitazar. The C_max was weakly positively correlated with eGFR (r= 0.4798, P= 0.0177) and creatinine clearance rate (r= 0.4667, P= 0.0215). Urinary excretion of chiglitazar was negligible in the SRI group, with average values of Ae_0-t=2,900 ng, Fe_0-t=0.0060%, and CCR=0.323 mL/h within 0–72 hours post-dose. The treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) incidence in the SRI group (16.7%, 2/12) was comparable to that in the NRF group (25%, 3/12). All TEAEs were of mild severity and were adjudicated by the investigators to be unrelated to chiglitazar. No serious AE were reported. Chiglitazar exhibits a favorable safety profile. Conclusion: Severe renal impairment does not significantly affect the PK and safety of chiglitazar, and no dose adjustment for mild, moderate, and severe renal impairments is required.

Analysis of the Application Effect of Systematic Nursing Intervention in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Wei Zheng — 2025-06-05

Objective: To analyze the value of systematic nursing care received by patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Eighty-two OA patients who visited the hospital from August 2023 to August 2024 were selected as samples and divided into groups by drawing. Group A received systematic nursing, while Group B received routine nursing. Emotional scores, pain scores, knee joint assessments, quality of life scores, and adverse reactions were compared. Results: After 3 weeks of nursing, Group A had lower scores for anxiety (SAS), depression (SDS), and visual analog scale (VAS) compared to Group B, with P < 0.05. At 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks of nursing, Group A had higher scores on the American Hospital for Special Surgery (HHS) scale compared to Group B, with P < 0.05. After 3 weeks of nursing, Group A had higher scores for quality of life (SF-36) compared to Group B, with P < 0.05. The adverse reaction rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B, with P < 0.05. Conclusion: Systematic nursing care for OA patients results in improved knee function, pain relief, emotional stability, and improved quality of life, making it highly effective and feasible.

Application of Lung Ultrasound Combined with Multi-organ Evaluation in Assessing the Risk of Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Severe Patients

Xu Li — 2025-06-05

Objective: To explore the role of lung ultrasound combined with multi-organ evaluation in assessing the risk of weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV) in severe patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 severe patients admitted to the hospital from December 2022 to December 2024, all of whom underwent MV treatment. Based on weaning status, thirty-eight patients were successfully weaned (success group), and 22 patients failed weaning (failure group). All patients underwent lung ultrasound and multi-organ evaluation. The parameter differences between the two groups were compared, risk factors for weaning risk were evaluated, and a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to assess the predictive value of lung ultrasound combined with multi-organ evaluation for weaning risk. Results: The lung ultrasound score (LUS) of the success group was lower than that of the failure group, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was higher than that of the failure group, and the diaphragmatic excursion (DE) and diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTF) were higher than those of the failure group (P < 0.05). Multifactor analysis showed that LUS was a risk factor for weaning risk, while LVEF, DE, and DTF were protective factors (P < 0.05). The ROC showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of a single parameter for weaning risk was smaller than that of the combined parameters (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Lung ultrasound combined with multi-organ evaluation can predict the weaning risk of severe patients undergoing MV treatment, and the diagnostic efficiency of multiple parameters combined evaluation is higher.

A Qualitative Study on the Influencing Factors of Training Transfer for Oral Specialist Nurses

Jieling Zhan — 2025-05-30

Objective: Through interviews with oral specialist nurses, to explore the influencing factors of training transfer for oral specialist nurses, and provide references for scientifically improving the effect of specialist nurse training transfer. Methods: Using purposive sampling and descriptive qualitative research, 15 oral specialist nurses from two tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected for semi-structured interviews, and data analysis was performed. Results: After collating and analyzing the interview data, three types of factors affecting the training transfer of oral specialist nurses were proposed, including personal characteristics, training management, and training transfer atmosphere. Conclusion: Managers should formulate a comprehensive and systematic plan based on the influencing factors of oral specialist nurse training transfer to effectively promote training transfer behavior and enhance training transfer effects.

Application of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Technology in the Management of Motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

Chengming Wang — 2025-05-30

Objective: To study the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on improving motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: 60 PD patients who visited the hospital from September 2023 to August 2024 were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups. Group A received conventional medication plus TMS treatment, while Group B received medication only. The efficacy of motor function improvement, neurological symptoms, mental state, sleep quality, quality of life, and adverse reactions was compared between the two groups. Results: The efficacy of Group A was higher than that of Group B (P < 0.05). The scores of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease-Autonomic (SCOPA-AUT), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in Group A were lower than those in Group B (P < 0.05). The quality of life scale (SF-36) score in Group A was higher than that in Group B (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: TMS used in the treatment of PD patients can improve patients’ mental state and motor function, optimize sleep quality and quality of life, and is safe and efficient.

The Effectiveness of Mirena Intrauterine Device in the Treatment of Adenomyosis

Jianfen Bu — 2025-05-30

Objective: To explore the efficacy of the Mirena intrauterine device (IUD) in the treatment of patients with adenomyosis. Methods: Forty patients with adenomyosis treated in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2024 were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 20 cases in each group. The observation group received Mirena IUD treatment, while the control group received drug treatment. The treatment indicators were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of sex hormone indicators in the observation group were better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had significant improvements in menstrual pain score, menstrual volume score, uterine volume, and endometrial thickness (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of adenomyosis patients with Mirena IUD is significantly effective, which can effectively improve menstrual volume and reduce the degree of menstrual pain. With fewer adverse reactions, the treatment is safer and feasible for promotion.

Application of Bundle Nursing Strategy in the Maintenance of Difficult Blood Vessels for Long-term Hemodialysis Patients

Yelin Wang — 2025-05-30

Objective: To study the application effect of bundle nursing strategy in the maintenance of difficult blood vessels for long-term hemodialysis patients. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 40 long-term hemodialysis patients admitted from January 2024 to January 2025. The patients were randomly divided into a control group (20 cases) and an observation group (20 cases) using computer random sampling. The control group received routine nursing for difficult blood vessels, while the observation group received a bundle nursing strategy for difficult blood vessels. The self-care ability, complication rate, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: After nursing, the self-care ability score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The complication rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of the bundle nursing strategy in the maintenance of difficult blood vessels for long-term hemodialysis patients is beneficial for improving self-care ability, reducing complications, and increasing patient satisfaction with nursing services.

Effect of Surgical Combination with Traditional Chinese Medicine Dialectical Therapy in Three Phases on Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur and Its Impact on Fracture Healing Time

Wei Qui — 2025-06-05

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical combination with traditional Chinese medicine dialectical therapy in three phases for the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur (IFF). Methods: 84 patients with IFF admitted to the hospital from December 2022 to December 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The combined group received surgery and traditional Chinese medicine dialectical therapy in three phases, while the control group received surgery alone. The total effective rate, fracture healing time, hip function score, and lower extremity function score were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate was higher in the combined group than in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the fracture healing time was shorter in the combined group than in the control group, and the hip function and lower extremity function scores were higher in the combined group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Surgical combination with traditional Chinese medicine dialectical therapy in three phases can shorten the fracture healing time of IFF patients and restore their hip and lower extremity function, demonstrating significant efficacy.

Observation on the Clinical Efficacy of Moist Burn Ointment Combined with Rotating Moxibustion in the Treatment of Pressure Ulcers with Deficiency of Qi and Blood

Song Li — 2025-06-05

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of Moist Burn Ointment combined with rotating moxibustion on patients with pressure ulcers and deficiency of both qi and blood. Methods: 40 patients with pressure ulcers and deficiency of both qi and blood were randomly divided into two groups from July 2024 to November 2025. Group A received Moist Burn Ointment combined with rotating moxibustion, while Group B received Moist Burn Ointment only. Results: Group A showed better efficacy, wound healing time, dressing change frequency, satisfaction, PUSH score, and adverse reaction indicators compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Moist Burn Ointment and rotating moxibustion in the treatment of patients with pressure ulcers and deficiency of both qi and blood can shorten wound healing time, reduce dressing change frequency, and alleviate the degree of pressure ulcers, which is safe and efficient.

Application and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in the Care of Stroke Patients

Shiyuan Feng — 2025-06-05

Driven by the combined forces of social aging and digital transformation, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the care of stroke patients has become an inevitable trend. AI can serve patients through intelligent health monitoring, rehabilitation training assistance, and daily care, providing targeted and intelligent support that significantly improves patients’ quality of life and the efficiency of caregivers. This article provides an overview of the application of AI in stroke care, explores the challenges encountered in technical bottlenecks, privacy data protection, and ethical considerations, and lays a theoretical foundation for the integration of AI into the care of stroke patients. In the future, AI will rely on technological updates, policy support, and ethical guidelines to promote sustainable development in the nursing industry.

Study on the Application and Value of Multi-slice Spiral CT in Acute Appendicitis

Zheng Zhang — 2025-06-05

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) for patients with acute appendicitis (AA). Methods: Fifty patients with suspected AA who visited the hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected as samples. All patients underwent MSCT and ultrasound diagnosis, and the diagnostic efficacy of MSCT was analyzed in comparison with pathology. Results: Pathology indicated 40 positive and 10 negative cases, ultrasound indicated 30 positive and 20 negative cases, and MSCT indicated 39 positive and 11 negative cases. The diagnostic efficacy of MSCT was higher than that of ultrasound (P < 0.05). The accuracy of pathological classification of MSCT was higher than that of ultrasound (P < 0.05). The detection rate of MSCT imaging indicators in AA patients was higher than that in non-AA patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion: MSCT has high diagnostic efficacy in AA patients and can assist physicians in determining pathological classification.

Nursing Care after Cardiac Surgery for Termination of Pregnancy in Five Pregnant Women with Co-morbid Cardiac Disease

Yaping Lu — 2025-06-04

Objective: To summarize the clinical data and nursing experience of 5 cases of pregnant women with combined heart disease in pregnancy after cesarean section, followed by termination of pregnancy and then cardiac surgery in the postoperative period, to provide clinical experience for the care of such patients in the future. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the treatment and nursing process of 5 cases of pregnant women with pregnancy-related heart disease admitted to the hospital’s department from May 16, 2023, to September 19, 2024, after cesarean section for termination of pregnancy, followed by cardiac surgery. For postoperative patients after cesarean section, using the “waist bag” type sandbag hemostasis method to prevent intra-abdominal pressure poly drop caused by heart rate, blood pressure abnormal treatment, and hemostatic effect, reduces the frequency of hemostatic drugs ^[1]. Strict monitoring of vital signs and hemodynamic monitoring, to maintain access and stability of the internal environment, digestive system care. Result: Five pregnant women with heart disease who underwent surgery all recovered and were discharged after appropriate nursing measures were taken. The average length of hospital stay for the five patients was (20 ± 14.3) days. Conclusion: For pregnant women with complicated heart disease who undergo cesarean section to terminate pregnancy followed by cardiac surgery, it is essential to strengthen specialized monitoring and clearly define key observation points. Focused treatment and nursing care can help reduce postoperative complications, support patient recovery and self-care, and shorten hospital stays. This approach provides valuable clinical guidance for managing similar cases in the future. It is of clinical significance for future cardiac surgery after cesarean section in pregnant women with complicated heart disease.

Dental Caries Among Preschool Children and the Impact of Behavioral Intervention on Caries Rate

Jianan Zhu — 2025-05-30

Objective: To statistically analyze the prevalence of dental caries among preschool children and explore the application effect of behavioral intervention. Methods: The study period was from May 2024 to May 2025. Preschool children with dental caries (n=114) admitted during this period were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into observation and control groups based on their admission number, with 57 cases in each group. Intervention indicators were compared between the groups. Results: Among all the children, the prevalence of dental caries at different age stages of preschool age (3–6 years old) showed that the caries rate increased with age, and there were significant differences in caries rates among different age groups (P < 0.05). The total treatment compliance rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the new caries rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After intervention, all indicators of the SESS in the observation group were better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The caries rate among preschool children is relatively high and increases with age. Active behavioral intervention facilitates better cooperation with clinical treatment among children with caries, significantly enhances self-efficacy, and significantly reduces the caries rate.

Effects of Nebulized α-Interferon on Immune Function in Elderly Patients with Respiratory Tract Infection

Jianqiang Yang — 2025-05-30

Objective: To investigate the effects of nebulized α-interferon on immune function in elderly patients with respiratory tract infection. Methods: A total of 120 elderly patients with respiratory tract infection admitted to our hospital from June 2023 to June 2024 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group (n=60) and a control group (n=60) using the envelope method. The control group received conventional treatment, while the observation group received additional nebulized α-interferon therapy based on conventional treatment. After the same treatment period, changes in immune function indicators (immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM) were compared between the two groups. Patients were also followed up for 3 months to observe the frequency of respiratory tract infection recurrences. Results: After treatment, IgA and IgM levels decreased significantly, while IgG levels increased significantly in both groups. The improvement in each indicator was more pronounced in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). By the end of the follow-up period, all 120 patients had successfully completed the follow-up, and no patients were lost to follow-up. The frequency of respiratory tract infection recurrences was lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Nebulized α-interferon can improve immune function and reduce the frequency of recurrences in elderly patients with respiratory tract infection.

Effects of Acupoint Catgut Embedding Combined with Auricular Point Pressing with Beans on Self-Efficacy of Symptom Management and Quality of Life of Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis of Liver Depression and Spleen Deficiency Type

Jiamin Feng — 2025-06-05

Objective: To explore the effects of acupoint catgut embedding combined with auricular point pressing with beans on symptom management self-efficacy and quality of life in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) of liver depression and spleen deficiency type. Methods: Sixty patients with NASH of liver depression and spleen deficiency type admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected and divided into an acupoint catgut embedding group (n=30) and a combined group (n=30) using the envelope lottery method. The acupoint catgut embedding group received acupoint catgut embedding intervention, while the combined group received auricular point pressing with beans on the basis of the acupoint catgut embedding group. The two groups were compared in terms of TCM syndrome scores, symptom management self-efficacy [Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CDSES)], and quality of life [Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ)]. Results: After intervention, the combined group had lower TCM syndrome scores for both primary and secondary symptoms compared to the acupoint catgut embedding group (P < 0.05). The combined group also had higher scores in all dimensions and total score of the CDSES compared to the acupoint catgut embedding group (P < 0.05). Similarly, the combined group had higher scores in all dimensions and total score of the CLDQ compared to the acupoint catgut embedding group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Acupoint catgut embedding combined with auricular point pressing with beans can effectively improve TCM symptoms, enhance symptom management self-efficacy, and improve quality of life in patients with NASH of liver depression and spleen deficiency type.

Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity Tests of Fuyanxiao Capsules

Lina Han — 2025-06-05

To evaluate the subchronic and chronic toxicity of Fuyanxiao capsules, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used in toxicity studies. In the subchronic toxicity study, 50 female rats were randomly divided into a high-dose group (5.4g/kg/day) and a control group, with 15 rats in each, and medium (2.7g/kg/day) and low (1.35g/kg/day) dose groups, with 10 rats in each. The test substance was administered orally (mixed with feed, twice daily) for 90 consecutive days. In the chronic toxicity study, 40 female rats were randomly divided into high, medium, and low dose groups and a control group, with 10 rats in each. The test substance was administered orally in the same manner for 180 consecutive days. Clinical signs, body weight, and food consumption were observed and recorded daily. At the end of the terminal phase (the first 10 rats from each group, 1 day after the last dose) and the recovery phase (the last 5 rats from the control group and the high-dose group, observed for an additional 28 days after the last dose), blood and urine samples, as well as organs, were collected. Organ coefficients were calculated, and various hematological and urinary indicators were detected, followed by pathological analysis. The results showed that there were no significant differences in body weight, food consumption, or organ coefficients between any of the dose groups and the control group in both subchronic and chronic toxicity studies (P > 0.05). Histopathological examination revealed no lesions, suggesting no tissue or organ damage in any of the dose groups. The rats exhibited good mental status, and hematological and urinary physiological indicators were within normal ranges, indicating stable liver and kidney function, hematopoietic system of the bone marrow, and internal environment in all dose groups. Therefore, Fuyanxiao capsule has no obvious subchronic or chronic toxicity in SD rats, and it is safe and reliable to use at reasonable dosage in clinical practice.

Advances in Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease among Community-Dwelling Elderly from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

Peihua Zhuang — 2025-06-05

This article examines the progress in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease among elderly individuals in communities from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Through a systematic review of recent related studies, it analyzes new insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease within TCM and summarizes novel methods and achievements in the prevention and treatment of the disease using TCM. Based on the TCM principles of “preventive treatment” and holistic health, innovative intervention models with Chinese characteristics, such as the “brain-heart-kidney axis” and “brain-gut connection,” have shown new breakthroughs in improving cognitive function and slowing disease progression. The article also explores the benefits of shifting preventive and therapeutic measures to earlier stages, contributing to the establishment of an integrated community prevention model of “prevention-intervention-rehabilitation.”

Research on the Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine ‎Theory into Medical Students’ Clinical Internship

Yang Zhang — 2025-06-03

The integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) into clinical education presents an opportunity to enhance medical training by providing students with a more holistic approach to patient care. This study explores the methods and challenges of integrating TCM theory into clinical internships for medical students at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with medical students, clinical instructors, and TCM practitioners. The results indicate that while students generally recognize the relevance and benefits of TCM in enhancing diagnostic skills and promoting a holistic understanding of health, several challenges remain. These include the lack of standardized TCM training, limited practical exposure to TCM diagnostic methods, and resistance from some clinical instructors. Despite these challenges, students expressed a strong desire for more structured TCM training and greater support from instructors. Based on the findings, the study recommends the standardization of TCM curricula, enhanced professional development for instructors, and increased collaboration between Western and TCM practitioners. The study concludes that the integration of TCM into medical education can significantly improve student clinical skills and patient care outcomes if appropriately structured and supported.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends in Neck Pain from 2000 to 2025

Shiliang Xi — 2025-06-04

Objective: This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis of the literature on neck pain research from 2000 to 2025, aiming to comprehensively and systematically understand the research landscape, hotspots, and frontier trends in this field, providing a reference for future research directions. Methods: Data were sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection, with the search term TI = “neck pain,” covering the time span from 2000 to 2025, resulting in 2746 articles. Software such as CiteSpace V6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20 was used to analyze publication volume, countries, authors, institutions, keywords, and co-citation networks. Results: The number of publications in neck pain research has been increasing year by year, indicating a rising level of research activity. Authors like Falla, D, Jull, G, and institutions such as Univ Queensland and Univ Toronto have significant influence in this field. Co-occurrence analysis of keywords shows that “neck pain,” “low back pain,” and “disability index” are high-frequency keywords, reflecting research hotspots such as the characteristics and treatment of neck pain and its interrelation with pain in other regions. Timeline analysis and keyword emergence analysis reveal the frontiers and development trends in this field, such as the growing attention on emerging therapeutic methods like “exercise therapy” and “dry needling,” while keywords like “intensity,” “individuals,” and “quality” indicate an increasing emphasis on personalization, precision, and quality control in the treatment process. Conclusion: The field of neck pain research is continuously expanding and deepening. Future research should further investigate the pathogenesis of neck pain, its associations with other conditions, the refinement of assessment methods, and the development of innovative rehabilitation strategies. Emphasis should also be placed on interdisciplinary collaboration to provide more robust theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the clinical treatment and rehabilitation management of neck pain.

Patient Journey Map In Chronic Disease Management: Theory, Practice And Future

Juan Xu — 2025-06-04

This review aims to comprehensively discuss the application status, theoretical basis, practical methods, empirical research, challenges, and future development direction of patient journey map in chronic disease management. By integrating current advances in academia and practice, this paper suggests that the patient journey map is an effective tool that can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of care delivery, increase patient engagement, and optimize the allocation of health care resources in chronic disease management. Nevertheless, the popularization and deepening application of patient journey map also faces a series of problems, such as difficulties in data collection, challenges in technology integration, and resistance to organizational change. In the future, with the progress of technology and policy support, the patient journey map is expected to become a key force to promote the innovation of chronic disease management model. Through in-depth analysis of these problems and opportunities, this paper provides valuable reference and enlightenment for healthcare providers, policy makers and relevant stakeholders.