Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research

Prediction of Quality Markers (Q-Markers) for the Mongolian Medicine Naru-3 Based on Chemical Composition, Pharmacological Effects, and Network Pharmacology

Ying En — 2025-01-21

Naru Sanwei Pill, also known as Naru-3, a Mongolian medicine originating from Zhigao Pharmacopoeia, is a classic prescription used in the treatment of rheumatism. It is composed of Terminalia chebula, processed Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb., and Piper longum, and is known for its effects in eliminating “mucus,” relieving pain, and reducing swelling, with significant efficacy in treating joint effusion and lumbar pain. In recent years, researchers have summarized its chemical components and pharmacological effects, and employed network pharmacology methods based on the core theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine quality markers (Q-Markers) to analyze and predict its markers. The results identified potential Q-Markers for Naru-3, providing a scientific basis for quality control and further research.

Cesarean Section in a Patient with Severe Preeclampsia with Pulmonary Edema: A Case Report

Yifan Tao — 2025-01-16

Acute pulmonary edema is a leading cause of death in patients with preeclampsia. The authors reported a case of a pregnant woman at 25 weeks of gestation with severe preeclampsia complicated by pulmonary edema, who required an emergency cesarean section, posing a significant challenge to the anesthesiologist. The patient had developed Type 1 respiratory failure and needed supplemental oxygen with high-flow nasal oxygen. Due to contraindications for neuraxial anesthesia, the cesarean section was performed under general anesthesia. After induction of anesthesia, the patient’s hypoxemia worsened. Eventually, after treatment with fluid restriction, diuretics, and albumin, oxygenation improved gradually, and the procedure was performed successfully. Both the patient and the newborn had a good prognosis.

Efficacy of Sodium Oligomannate Capsules Combined with Memantine Hydrochloride and Donepezil Hydrochloride in Treating Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease

Qi Wang — 2025-02-17

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of sodium oligomannate capsules combined with memantine hydrochloride and donepezil hydrochloride in the treatment of moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and analyze its impact on cognitive function. Methods: Eighty patients with moderate AD admitted to the neurology outpatient clinic of our hospital from June 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into a study group and a control group, each with 40 patients. The control group was treated with oral memantine hydrochloride and donepezil hydrochloride, while the study group was additionally treated with oral sodium oligomannate capsules for 24 weeks. The scores of neuropsychological scales [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)], and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale were compared before and after treatment. Additionally, the levels of homocysteine (Hcy), central nervous system-specific protein (S100-β), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured in both groups, and the treatment effects and adverse reactions were compared. Results: After 24 weeks of treatment, the MMSE, MoCA, and ADL scores of both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group after 24 weeks of treatment, the study group had significantly higher MMSE, MoCA, and ADL scores (P < 0.05), and significantly lower levels of Hcy, IL-6, and TNF-α (P < 0.05). Both the study group and the control group showed reduced levels of Hcy, IL-6, and TNF-α after 24 weeks of treatment compared to before (P < 0.05), but there was no significant change in S100-β levels (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of sodium oligomannate capsules, memantine hydrochloride, and donepezil hydrochloride is effective in the treatment of moderate AD. It can improve the cognitive function and daily living abilities of patients with dementia, enhancing their quality of life.

Delivery Modes and Their Effects on Mothers and Neonates in Cases of Repeat Pregnancy with Uterine Scars

Hongyu Wang — 2025-02-07

Objective: To investigate the delivery modes of women with repeat pregnancies involving uterine scars and their effects on both mothers and neonates. Methods: A study was conducted on 100 patients treated at Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital from July 2023 to July 2024. The participants were divided into a control group and an observation group, with 50 cases in each. The division was based on the indications for prior cesarean section, cervical maturity, postpartum complications, and thickness of the cesarean scar. The control group underwent cesarean delivery, while the observation group experienced vaginal delivery. The two groups were compared in terms of intrapartum blood loss, postpartum blood loss within 2 hours, length of hospital stay, Apgar scores at 1-minute post-birth, and incidences of neonatal fever and jaundice. Results: The observation group had significantly lower intrapartum blood loss, postpartum blood loss within 2 hours, and shorter hospital stays compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the Apgar scores at 1 minute post-birth were significantly higher in the observation group (P < 0.05). The incidence of neonatal fever and jaundice was significantly lower in the observation group (P < 0.05). These differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: Vaginal delivery has high clinical value for women with repeat pregnancies involving uterine scars. It reduces maternal intrapartum and postpartum blood loss, shortens hospital stays, improves neonatal Apgar scores, and decreases the incidences of neonatal fever and jaundice. This method is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Clinical Study on the Modified Formula of Huang Yuanyu’s Gui Fu Ling Wu Decoction for Treating Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency Type Diabetic Nephropathy

Xiaoqin Liu — 2025-02-17

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the modified Gui Fu Ling Wu Decoction in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN) of the spleen-kidney Yang deficiency type. Methods: A total of 100 DN patients admitted to Changyi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between August 2023 and March 2024 were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into a control group and a study group, each comprising 50 cases, using a computerized random number generator. The control group received kallikrein treatment, while the study group received a combination of kallikrein and the modified Gui Fu Ling Wu Decoction. Blood glucose control, renal function, and inflammatory markers were assessed before and after treatment in both groups. Results: Before treatment, there were no significant differences in blood glucose and renal function indicators between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, postprandial blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, 24-hour urinary protein, urinary microalbumin, serum creatinine, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 levels significantly decreased in both groups, with the study group showing superior results compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Gui Fu Ling Wu Decoction and kallikrein for treating spleen-kidney Yang deficiency type DN significantly improves blood glucose control, enhances renal function, and reduces inflammatory responses.

Clinical Study on the Application of Non-Catheter Tampon in Abdominal Hysterectomy

Fei Guo — 2025-02-13

Objective: To analyze the application value of a non-catheter tampon in abdominal hysterectomy, providing a reference for related research. Methods: A total of 100 patients were included in this study, with data collected between January 4, 2022, and January 4, 2024. The patients were divided into two groups: the new group and the traditional group, each comprising 50 patients. Results: Compared with the traditional group, the new group demonstrated significantly lower intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.05). Additionally, the incidence of complications, operation time, hospital stay, time required to resume normal activities, and postoperative VAS scores were all significantly lower in the new group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of a non-catheter tampon during abdominal hysterectomy yields satisfactory results. This approach is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.

Analysis of the Effect of Optimizing the Emergency Care Process on Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Emergency Department

Ling Sha — 2025-02-17

Objective: To analyze the effect of optimizing the emergency nursing process on the nursing effect of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGB) in the emergency department. Methods: 100 cases (Group A) were randomly selected from AUGB patients who had undergone the routine emergency care process in the emergency department from January 2022 to December 2022, and 100 cases (Group B) were randomly selected from AUGB patients who had undergone the optimized emergency care process in the emergency department from January 2023 to December 2023. The nursing effects of the two groups were compared. Results: clinical indicators that include the emergency response time, time to open the infusion channel, time from diagnosis to specialty treatment, hospitalization time, resuscitation success rate, rebleeding rate, nursing satisfaction score, post-care SAS score, and SF-36 score in Group B were better than those in Group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Optimization of the emergency care process for AUGB patients in the emergency department can improve the efficiency and success rate of resuscitation, reduce the risk of rebleeding, improve the mood and quality of life of patients, and make the patients more satisfied with the nursing service.

Clinical Observation of Huangqi Sijun Decoction in the Treatment of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis

Yamei Wang — 2025-02-13

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Huangqi Sijun Decoction on chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Methods: Sixty CAG patients hospitalized between January 2020 and December 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) group (n = 30) was treated with Huangqi Sijun Decoction, while the Western medicine group (n = 30) received omeprazole. The total effective rate, TCM syndrome scores, and serological indicators were compared. Results: The total effective rate in the TCM group was higher than that in the Western medicine group, while the adverse reaction rate was lower (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in TCM syndrome scores or serological indicators between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the TCM group had lower TCM syndrome scores and better serological indicators compared to the Western medicine group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Huangqi Sijun Decoction can enhance the clinical efficacy of CAG patients, prevent adverse reactions, alleviate TCM symptoms, and regulate specific levels of serological indicators, demonstrating significant therapeutic advantages.

Study on the Effect of Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Minimally Invasive Surgery in the Treatment of Spinal Fractures and Its Impact on Spinal Function

Fei Gao — 2025-02-13

Objective: To observe and study the actual effects of percutaneous pedicle screw minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of spinal fractures and its impact on spinal function. Methods: This study included 48 patients with spinal fractures admitted between May 2023 and May 2024. The patients were divided into a control group and an experimental group based on treatment differences, with 24 patients in each group. The control group underwent open internal fixation surgery, while the experimental group received percutaneous pedicle screw minimally invasive surgery. Clinical index improvements, cervical dysfunction index, Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores, and pain level improvements were compared between the two groups. Results: The intraoperative blood loss, incision length, operation time, and hospitalization duration in the experimental group were (88.63 ± 18.85), (6.32 ± 1.05), (73.42 ± 4.05), and (12.58 ± 2.56), respectively, compared to (279.95 ± 17.32), (12.89 ± 1.36), (89.93 ± 4.79), and (22.41 ± 2.87) in the control group. Significant differences were observed between the groups, with the experimental group showing superior improvements across all metrics (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Percutaneous pedicle screw minimally invasive surgery shows more significant effects in treating spinal fractures, particularly in improving cervical and lumbar spine function, enhancing treatment efficacy and safety, reducing pain levels, and shortening recovery time. Clinical application and promotion are recommended.

Study on the Clinical Effects of Neurology Nursing in the Rehabilitation Process of Stroke Patients

Lijing Wang — 2025-02-14

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of neurology nursing during the rehabilitation process of stroke patients. Methods: A total of 80 inpatients with stroke, admitted between July 2023 and July 2024, were selected for the study. They were randomly divided into two groups of 40 patients each. The control group received conventional nursing care, while the study group was provided with neurology nursing. The nursing outcomes of the two groups were compared in terms of: (1) rehabilitation progress, (2) nursing satisfaction, (3) psychological status, and (4) self-care ability. Results: The nursing efficacy and satisfaction rates in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Pre-intervention psychological scores showed no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). Post-intervention, negative emotions in both groups were alleviated, with the study group showing greater improvement compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the self-care ability scores of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Neurology nursing during the rehabilitation process of stroke patients demonstrated ideal clinical effects, positively contributing to patient recovery, alleviating negative psychological states, and proving beneficial for promotion.

Analysis of the Diagnostic Value of Blood Test Indicators for Anemia

Xueguo Yu — 2025-02-17

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of blood test indicators in the differential diagnosis of anemia. Methods: Sixty patients diagnosed with anemia (disease group) from June 2021 to June 2024 were selected. Based on the type of disease, the group was subdivided into iron deficiency anemia (IDA) with 31 cases, hemolytic anemia (HA) with 11 cases, and aplastic anemia (AA) with 18 cases. Based on the severity of the disease, the group was divided into mild anemia (30 cases), moderate anemia (19 cases), and severe anemia (11 cases). Sixty healthy individuals (control group) were also included, and all underwent blood tests. Comparisons were made between the red blood cell (RBC) indicators of the disease group and the control group, the blood test indicators of different types of anemia, and the serum iron levels of varying severity of anemia. Results: Except for red cell distribution width (RDW), the RBC indicators in the disease group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Comparisons of RBC indicators among different types of anemia showed significant differences (P < 0.05). Serum iron levels varied significantly among different degrees of anemia severity (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Blood tests can detect anemia, distinguish types of anemia, and assess anemia severity, offering high diagnostic value.

Study on the Impact of Continuing Care on Self-Care Ability and Quality of Life in COPD Patients

Zhangying Li — 2025-02-13

Objective: To explore the significance of continuing care in improving self-care ability and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A total of 60 COPD patients treated in our department between June 2023 and June 2024 were randomly divided into control and observation groups. The control group received routine care, while the observation group received additional continuing care. Self-care ability and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the observation group demonstrated higher self-care ability and quality of life scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Continuing care for COPD patients has a positive impact on enhancing self-care ability and improving quality of life, making it worth recommending.

Analysis of Therapeutic Effects of Dental Arch Splint Intermaxillary Traction Combined with Rigid Internal Fixation in Patients with Facial Comminuted Fractures

Xiaohua Zhang — 2025-02-17

Objective: To analyze the therapeutic effect of combining dental arch splint intermaxillary traction with rigid internal fixation for the treatment of facial comminuted fractures. Methods: Sixty patients with facial comminuted fractures admitted for treatment between July 2023 and December 2024 were selected. Using a random number table method, 30 patients were assigned to the observation group, where moderate traction using a dental arch splint combined with rigid internal fixation was applied. Another 30 patients were assigned to the control group and only received dental arch splint traction treatment. The total effective rate, postoperative recovery indicators, periodontal status, complication rate, and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. The postoperative recovery indicators and periodontal status in the observation group were superior to those in the control group. The complication rate and quality of life score were lower in the observation group compared to the control group, with P < 0.05. Conclusion: Combining dental arch splint intermaxillary traction with rigid internal fixation can improve the periodontal status and quality of life of patients with facial comminuted fractures, shorten postoperative recovery time, reduce various complications, and enhance surgical efficacy.

Effect of Artificial Hip Replacement Surgery on the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures in Elderly Patients and Its Impact on Hip Joint Function and Quality of Life

Yong Qin — 2025-02-17

Objective: To evaluate the treatment effect of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for intertrochanteric femur fractures (IFF) in elderly patients. Methods: Thirty-two elderly patients with IFF admitted to the hospital from August 2021 to August 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The experimental group (16 patients) underwent THA surgery, while the control group (16 patients) underwent proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) surgery. Hip joint function and quality of life indicators were compared between the two groups. Results: Before surgery, there was no significant difference in hip joint function and quality of life scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, at six months postoperatively, the experimental group had higher hip joint function and quality of life scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The total effective rate was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The complication rate in the experimental group was similar to that in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: THA can improve the clinical efficacy of elderly patients with IFF, minimize postoperative complications, effectively restore hip joint function, and optimize postoperative quality of life.

Research Progress on Risk Factors for Endometrial Lesions in Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Women with Endometrial Thickening

Yan Song — 2025-02-17

As of 2023, endometrial cancer (EC) ranks second among malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in China, following cervical cancer, posing a significant burden on the country’s healthcare system. Postmenopausal asymptomatic endometrial thickening is primarily benign, often involving endometrial polyps. However, previous clinical studies indicate a relatively high malignancy rate for postmenopausal endometrial polyps, suggesting the necessity for active intervention, particularly in cases with high-risk factors for EC. This article reviews the research progress on risk factors for endometrial lesions in postmenopausal patients with asymptomatic endometrial thickening, aiming to provide insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Review of the Application of HAPA Theory in Orthopedic Postoperative Patients

Jiani Liang — 2025-02-13

The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA), developed by German psychologist Schwarzer in the 1980s, provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and influencing health behavior change. By dividing behavior change into three dynamic stages—pre-intention, intention, and action—HAPA highlights the critical role of self-efficacy as a driving force in adopting healthier behaviors. This stage-based approach addresses the limitations of continuous health behavior models by emphasizing individual differentiation and recognizing that behavior change is not linear but progresses through distinct phases. HAPA theory has demonstrated significant potential in clinical applications, particularly in orthopedic postoperative patients. Its implementation facilitates the development of positive behavioral intentions, enhances self-efficacy, and supports sustained health action, ultimately improving patients’ health outcomes and quality of life. Tailored interventions based on HAPA stages ensure that patients receive appropriate guidance and support throughout their recovery journey. Despite its successes, limitations remain. Future research should focus on expanding the application of HAPA to various orthopedic conditions and developing more targeted behavioral plans and health education programs to optimize patient rehabilitation. Additionally, further exploration is needed to sustain HAPA’s effectiveness during long-term recovery. Strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration and integrating HAPA with other theoretical models could create a more comprehensive health behavior education system, providing robust support for orthopedic patients and advancing their overall recovery and well-being.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Continuous Nursing Interventions in Elderly Patients with COPD in the Stable Phase and Frailty

Chuo Guo — 2025-02-14

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous nursing interventions in elderly patients with COPD in the stable phase and frailty. Methods: Sixty elderly patients with COPD in the stable phase and frailty, treated between January 2024 and August 2024, were selected as the study subjects. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (30 each) using a drawing method. Patients who drew a black token were assigned to the intervention group and received continuous nursing interventions, while those who drew a red token were assigned to the nursing group and received standard nursing care. The quality of care between the groups was compared. Results: Pulmonary function indicators in the intervention group were significantly better than those in the nursing group (P < 0.05). Immune function in the intervention group was also significantly higher than in the nursing group (P < 0.05). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in self-care ability between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, post-intervention, both groups showed improved self-care abilities, with the intervention group scoring significantly higher than the nursing group (P < 0.05). Similarly, before the intervention, there was no significant difference in quality-of-life scores (P > 0.05), but post-intervention, both groups exhibited increased scores, with the intervention group outperforming the nursing group significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Continuous nursing interventions significantly improve outcomes in elderly patients with COPD in the stable phase and frailty, warranting broader implementation.

The Clinical Significance of the Emergency Green Channel in the Treatment of Patients with Acute Chest Pain

Congying Li — 2025-02-17

Objective: To analyze the clinical significance of the emergency green channel in the treatment of patients with acute chest pain. Methods: Sixty patients with acute chest pain treated between September 2022 and July 2024 were selected as the subjects of this study. They were divided into groups based on the order of treatment: the first 30 patients were included in the Green Channel group, where the emergency green channel was employed, while the remaining 30 patients were placed in the Regular Emergency group, receiving standard emergency treatment. The rescue time, hospitalization time, pain scores, incidence of adverse reactions, and quality of life between the Green Channel group and the Regular Emergency group were compared. Results: The rescue time and hospitalization time of the Green Channel group were shorter than those of the Regular Emergency group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The pain scores at 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes after rescue in the Green Channel group were lower than those in the Regular Emergency group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions such as recurrent acute attacks, arrhythmia, heart failure, stroke, and shock in the Green Channel group was lower than that in the Regular Emergency group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The treatment satisfaction rate and success rate in the Green Channel group were 93.33% and 93.33%, respectively, while those in the Regular Emergency group were 73.33% and 73.33%. Both the satisfaction and success rates in the Green Channel group were higher than those in the Regular Emergency group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The quality of life in the Green Channel group was also higher than that in the Regular Emergency group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The emergency green channel plays a significant role in the treatment of patients with acute chest pain and is worthy of widespread clinical application.

Research Progress on Health Literacy in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Shuang Chen — 2025-02-13

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by high morbidity, high mortality, and poor prognosis, while health literacy is the goal of health education and an important outcome of health promotion, crucial for improving health outcomes. Therefore, this paper reviews the conceptual evolution, theoretical models, and assessment tools of health literacy, as well as the current status, influencing factors, and intervention strategies of health literacy in CKD patients. The aim is to raise awareness among healthcare professionals regarding health literacy in CKD and to provide a reference for further research on health literacy in CKD patients.

Comparative Effect of Balance Rhythm Dance and Aerobics on Motor Function Rehabilitation in Elderly Women

Shanshan Zhang — 2025-02-17

Objective: To investigate the effect of a self-developed balance rhythm dance program on the rehabilitation of motor function and the reduction of fall risk in elderly women with diminished balance function. Methods: Fifty elderly women with reduced balance function, admitted to the Qingbar Elderly Care Center of Chongqing Medical University from December 2022 to December 2023, were randomly selected and divided into two groups. The aerobic exercise group (25 patients) received traditional treatment and rehabilitation nursing, while the balance rhythm dance intervention group (25 patients) received the balance rhythm dance intervention in addition to traditional treatment and rehabilitation nursing. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were used as evaluation indicators to compare the intervention effects between the two groups. Results: The data revealed that the balance rhythm dance intervention significantly improved the motor ability and balance function of elderly women in the intervention group (P < 0.01), with statistically significant differences observed. Conclusion: The balance rhythm dance program plays a critical role in promoting the rehabilitation of motor function and balance ability in elderly women, effectively enhancing their quality of life.

Expression and Diagnostic Value of D-Dimer, CRP, and IL-6 in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumonia

Yong Peng — 2025-02-14

Objective: To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 in children with Mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods: A total of 100 children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumonia from the pediatric department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, admitted between November 2023 and June 2024, were selected for the study. According to the severity of the condition, they were divided into two groups: a mild group (50 cases) and a severe group (50 cases). After treatment, they were further divided into an effective group (63 cases) and a non-effective group (37 cases) based on the treatment outcomes, to compare their diagnostic values. Results: The levels of D-dimer, CRP, IL-6, length of hospital stay, fever resolution time, cough resolution time, and the time for lung rales to disappear were higher in the severe group than in the mild group (P < 0.05). The levels of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 in the non-effective group were higher than those in the effective group (P < 0.05). In this study, using pathological results as the “gold standard,” it was found that the positive detection rate for the combined detection of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 was higher than the detection rate for each of D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 alone, suggesting that the combined diagnosis had a higher positive detection rate (P < 0.05). Compared with D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6, the combined sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were all higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion: D-dimer, CRP, and IL-6 are closely related to Mycoplasma pneumonia in children and can serve as auxiliary diagnostic tools for Mycoplasma pneumonia in children, offering significant value.

A Scoping Review on the Professional Self-Concept of Undergraduate Nursing Students

Juan Wang — 2025-02-13

Objective: To conduct a scoping review of research on the professional self-concept (PSC) of undergraduate nursing students, comprehensively analyzing its status, influencing factors, and significance, and providing a reference for enhancing the PSC of undergraduate nursing students in China. Methods: Using the methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review, six literature databases were searched, including CNKI, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PudMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. Studies on the factors influencing undergraduate nursing students’ PSC from database inception to July 31, 2023, were reviewed and data extracted. Results: A total of 1,955 articles were retrieved, and 27 studies were included. The current status of PSC primarily focuses on self-perception. Factors influencing undergraduate nursing students’ PSC are mainly individual and demographic, while external factors include various teaching methods and environments. PSC impacts professional maturity, mental health, self-concept, and pre-internship stress among nursing students. Conclusion: PSC profoundly influences undergraduate nursing students’ future career choices and professional development. Nursing educators and administrators should adopt measures to enhance and improve PSC levels, thereby fostering a larger pool of nursing professionals.

Analysis of Daily Life, Spiritual Comfort, and Fall Safety Care Needs of Elderly People in Urban and Rural Areas

Fang Zheng — 2025-02-14

Objective: To examine the daily life care, spiritual comfort, and fall safety care needs of the elderly in urban and rural areas of Tangshan, along with their influencing factors. Methods: From August 2022 to April 2023, an investigation was conducted among urban and rural elderly individuals aged over 75 years in Tangshan City using the Activities of Daily Living Scale, the Revised Community Elderly Fall Risk Assessment Tool, and the Loneliness Scale. Results: The study included 750 urban and 740 rural elderly individuals aged over 75 years. Matrix analysis revealed a significant proportion of fall safety care needs across various daily life and spiritual care requirements. Multiple factor analysis indicated that advanced age, lower education levels, a greater number of chronic diseases, and lower levels of family and social support were associated with higher care demands among the elderly in both urban and rural areas. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The elderly in urban and rural areas demonstrate a high demand for fall safety care. Particular attention should be given to individuals with lower education levels, those who are widowed, those with multiple chronic diseases, and those with low levels of family and social support to better meet the diverse care needs of this population.

Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on the Maternal and Infant Outcomes of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Mingwan Zhou — 2025-02-13

Objective: To examine the effects of comprehensive nursing interventions on maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving 60 pregnant women with GDM who were purposively selected and randomly allocated into experimental and control groups, each comprising 30 participants. The experimental group received comprehensive nursing interventions and pregnancy monitoring, while the control group received standard nursing care. Data collection was conducted using demographic questionnaires, pregnancy indicators, and maternal-infant outcome measurement tools. The collected data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The findings indicated significant improvements in fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, amniotic fluid index, and neonatal birth weight in the experimental group compared to the control group. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in body mass index (BMI) or pregnancy weight gain. Comprehensive nursing interventions were associated with a significant reduction in maternal complications, including polyhydramnios, postpartum hemorrhage, and preeclampsia, as well as neonatal complications such as neonatal pneumonia, macrosomia, and hypoglycemia. Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing interventions have a positive impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with GDM.

Knowledge and Attitudes About Hepatitis B (HBV) Infection Among Women of Reproductive Age in China

Xue Han — 2025-02-13

Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitudes about hepatitis B (HBV) infection among women of reproductive age in China, exploring the factors that influence their understanding of the disease and their perceptions toward individuals infected with HBV. Methods: A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, using purposive sampling to select 114 women of reproductive age from a community in Shandong Province, China. Data were collected through two structured questionnaires: one assessing HBV knowledge and the other measuring attitudes toward HBV. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, including chi-squared tests and Spearman correlation analysis, were used to examine relationships between demographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes. Results: The majority of participants demonstrated low knowledge about Hepatitis B, with 99.1% scoring within the low knowledge range. However, respondents exhibited generally positive attitudes toward prevention and inclusion. Significant associations were found between vaccination history and better knowledge scores, as well as between familial exposure and increased knowledge and positive attitudes. A weak inverse relationship between knowledge and attitudes was observed, suggesting that higher knowledge did not necessarily correlate with more favorable attitudes. Conclusion: The study highlights significant gaps in knowledge about Hepatitis B among women of reproductive age, despite positive attitudes toward prevention and social inclusion. Vaccination history and familial exposure were key factors associated with better knowledge and more supportive attitudes. These findings suggest the need for targeted health education strategies that address both knowledge gaps and emotional factors to improve attitudes and enhance preventive behaviors.

Study on the Efficacy of Radiofrequency and Laser Ablation in the Treatment of Superficial Varicose Veins in the Lower Extremities

Qingshan Wang — 2025-02-13

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of endovenous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and laser ablation (EVLA) in the treatment of superficial varicose veins of the lower extremities. Methods: Seventy-eight patients with superficial varicose veins treated at a hospital between April 2022 and May 2023 were selected and divided into a radiofrequency ablation group (RFA group; 39 cases) and a laser ablation group (EVLA group; 39 cases) based on the treatment method. Operation time, postoperative recovery duration, venous clinical severity score (VCSS) changes, complication rates, closure rates, and recurrence rates were compared between the groups at 1 month, 3 months, and 12 months postoperatively. The postoperative therapeutic outcomes were comprehensively evaluated. Results: No significant differences in age, gender, disease grade, or disease course were observed between the groups (P > 0.05). The superficial varicose vein closure rate was 100% in both groups at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. At 12 months, the closure rate was 94.87% in the RFA group and 97.43% in the EVLA group, with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in VCSS changes or complication incidence between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation and laser ablation demonstrate comparable efficacy and safety in the treatment of superficial varicose veins of the lower extremities.

Clinical Application of Patient Participation Health Model in the Health Management of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Xiyu Jiang — 2025-02-13

Objective: To analyze the clinical effects of the patient participation health model in the health management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 124 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the hospital from June 2023 to June 2024 were randomly assigned to either the control group (64 patients) or the intervention group (60 patients). Patients in the control group received routine health management, while those in the intervention group were managed using a patient-participation health model with progressive, stage-based interventions. Outcomes were assessed based on blood glucose control, disease awareness, and self-management behaviors. Adverse reactions during health management were closely monitored in both groups. Results: Patients in the intervention group showed significantly better outcomes in blood glucose control, disease awareness, and self-management behaviors compared to the control group. Conclusion: The patient participation health model demonstrated significant clinical value, effectively enhancing self-management abilities, improving glycemic control, and increasing disease awareness. This model is recommended for widespread adoption in the health management of type 2 diabetes to achieve better therapeutic outcomes and improve patient quality of life.

A Study on the Beliefs and Attitudes of Nurses in Yunnan Province Towards Nurse Prescriptive Authority

Yulin Lu — 2025-02-17

Objective: To investigate the current beliefs and attitudes of nurses in Yunnan Province toward prescriptive authority, analyze the influencing factors, and provide evidence for future research and policy formulation to support the establishment of nurses’ prescriptive authority in China. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 937 nurses in Yunnan Province using the Beliefs and Attitudes Scale on Nurses’ Prescriptive Authority. The scale assessed four dimensions: perceived need, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the overall score and each dimension. Results: The total score of the Beliefs and Attitudes Scale was 89.17 ± 17.69, indicating a moderate level of awareness and positive attitude among nurses. The highest-scoring dimension was perceived benefits (34.94 ± 8.04), while the lowest was perceived barriers (15.23 ± 3.5). Age was identified as a significant factor influencing the overall score and self-efficacy dimension (P < 0.05). Years of practice influenced the perceived benefits dimension (P = 0.051), while gender, age, and professional title were key factors affecting the perceived barriers dimension (P < 0.05). Male nurses and senior nurses demonstrated more caution toward potential risks associated with prescriptive authority. Conclusion: Nurses in Yunnan Province exhibit moderate levels of belief in and attitudes toward prescriptive authority, with age being the most significant influencing factor. Tailored training programs, policy promotion, and practical guidance are recommended to enhance nurses’ understanding and support for prescriptive authority, thereby improving nursing practices and addressing regional healthcare challenges.

Study on the Construction of Whole-course Nursing Objective Management System for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Lei Wu — 2025-02-13

Objective: To explore the effect of a whole-course nursing objective management system on disease control and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes, and to propose strategies for constructing such a system for these patients. Methods: Ninety patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of the hospital from January 2024 to June 2024 were selected. The control group (n = 45) received routine nursing care, while the observation group (n = 45) received whole-course nursing. Indicators such as glucose metabolism and compliance behavior were measured before and after care, and the health and quality of life of patients in both groups were evaluated. Results: A comparison of blood glucose levels and compliance behavior showed that the observation group had lower blood glucose levels than the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the compliance behavior score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The holistic nursing model demonstrates significant nursing effects for patients with type 2 diabetes. This approach not only assists in blood sugar control, prevents disease progression, and reduces complications, but also enhances patients’ knowledge of health management, aiding in their recovery.

Utilizing Machine Learning Techniques to Enhance Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis Using Resting-State EEG Data

Lina Han — 2025-02-17

Objective: This study investigates the auxiliary role of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) in the clinical diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using machine learning techniques. Methods: Resting-state EEG recordings were obtained from 57 children, comprising 28 typically developing children and 29 children diagnosed with ADHD. The EEG signal data from both groups were analyzed. To ensure analytical accuracy, artifacts and noise in the EEG signals were removed using the EEGLAB toolbox within the MATLAB environment. Following preprocessing, a comparative analysis was conducted using various ensemble learning algorithms, including AdaBoost, GBM, LightGBM, RF, XGB, and CatBoost. Model performance was systematically evaluated and optimized, validating the superior efficacy of ensemble learning approaches in identifying ADHD. Conclusion: Applying machine learning techniques to extract features from resting-state EEG signals enabled the development of effective ensemble learning models. Differential entropy and energy features across multiple frequency bands proved particularly valuable for these models. This approach significantly enhances the detection rate of ADHD in children, demonstrating high diagnostic efficacy and sensitivity, and providing a promising tool for clinical application.

Effect of Ultra-Early Hemoperfusion on Emergency Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Severe Organophosphate Pesticide Poisoning

Jianyu Yang — 2025-02-17

Objective: To analyze the emergency treatment effect of ultra-early hemoperfusion (HP) in patients with severe organophosphate pesticide poisoning (SOPP). Methods: Sixty SOPP patients treated in the emergency department between January 2022 and January 2024 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The observation group (30 cases) received ultra-early HP treatment, while the reference group (30 cases) received conventional HP treatment initiated 6 hours post-poisoning. The groups were compared in terms of overall emergency efficacy, clinical indicators, serological markers, inflammatory factors, and complication rates. Results: The observation group had a higher total efficacy rate than the reference group, superior clinical indicators, and a lower complication rate (P < 0.05). After 24 hours of emergency treatment, serological markers and inflammatory factor levels in the observation group were lower than those in the reference group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ultra-early HP treatment provides better emergency outcomes for SOPP patients by shortening treatment time, improving serological markers and inflammatory factor levels, and offering higher safety. It demonstrates significant advantages in emergency care.

Clinical Analysis of Combining Probiotics with High-Dose Dual Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication

Mengnan Chen — 2025-02-13

Objective: To compare the eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori (HP) and the incidence of adverse reactions among three treatment methods. Methods: A total of 139 patients with Helicobacter pylori infection diagnosed at the outpatient clinic or during hospitalization in the Department of Gastroenterology of West Electric Group Hospital from January 2022 to April 2023 were enrolled. Patients were divided into three groups: dual therapy group (46 cases), triple therapy group (62 cases), and quadruple therapy group (31 cases). The dual therapy group received omeprazole and amoxicillin; the triple therapy group received omeprazole, amoxicillin, and probiotics; the quadruple therapy group received omeprazole, colloidal bismuth pectin capsules, amoxicillin, and furazolidone. All treatments lasted for two weeks. The eradication rates and incidence of adverse reactions were compared among the three groups. Results: The eradication rates for the dual, triple, and quadruple therapy groups were 84.8%, 85.5%, and 85%, respectively (P > 0.05). The primary adverse reactions included gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and abdominal discomfort, with incidence rates of 1, 2, and 6 cases in the dual, triple, and quadruple therapy groups, respectively (P = 0.574). However, a significant difference was found between the dual and quadruple therapy groups (P = 0.03) and between the triple and quadruple therapy groups (P = 0.026). Neurological side effects, such as dizziness and headache, were rare, with incidences of 0, 1, and 1 cases in the dual, triple, and quadruple therapy groups, respectively (P = 0.611). Conclusion: The efficacy of dual, triple, and quadruple therapy for eradicating Helicobacter pylori showed no significant difference. However, the dual and triple therapy groups had lower adverse reaction rates, making them suitable alternatives to traditional quadruple therapy for reducing patient discomfort. The probiotic group also contributed to the restoration of normal gastrointestinal microbiota.

Clinical Observation on the Management of Gestational Heart Failure and Delivery Outcomes

Hongjie Li — 2025-02-17

Objective: This study focuses on the clinical observation of the impact of different treatment methods for gestational heart failure on delivery outcomes. Method: A total of 160 pregnant women with heart failure admitted to our hospital between October 2020 and October 2021 were selected as the study subjects. They were categorized based on delivery mode, delivery timing, heart failure control time, and cardiac function status. The delivery outcomes of the different groups were then compared. Result: In terms of delivery methods, the rate of neonatal asphyxia was higher following vaginal delivery than cesarean section. Regarding delivery timing, the neonatal mortality rate was lower for cesarean sections performed at 32–36 + 6 weeks compared to those conducted at 37–39 + 6 weeks. With respect to heart failure control time, the rates of neonatal asphyxia and pulmonary hyaline membrane disease were lower in the ≤ 48-hour group than in the > 48-hour group. From the perspective of cardiac function status, patients with cardiac function I–II exhibited relatively lower rates of neonatal asphyxia and perinatal mortality compared to those with cardiac function III–IV. The observed differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients with gestational heart failure, cesarean section is the recommended mode of delivery, with the optimal timing being between 32 and 36+6 weeks of pregnancy. During cesarean section, the timing of delivery should be carefully selected based on the mother’s cardiac function status.

Impact of Preoperative Psychological Interventions on Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery

Jianqiang Yang — 2025-02-17

Objective: To assess the impact of preoperative psychological interventions on the care of patients undergoing elective surgery. Methods: Ninety-two patients scheduled for elective surgery in the surgical department between August 2021 and August 2023 were selected and divided into groups using a random number table. The observation group received preoperative psychological interventions, while the reference group received standard preoperative care. Anxiety and depression scores, fear grading, vital signs, and self-efficacy levels were compared. Results: After the intervention, the anxiety and depression scores in the observation group were lower than those in the reference group, and the proportion of fear graded as Level I was higher. During the waiting period and 15 minutes before entering the operating room, vital sign levels in the observation group were lower than those in the reference group. Additionally, the self-efficacy scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the reference group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative psychological interventions can alleviate negative emotions, stabilize preoperative vital signs, and significantly improve self-efficacy in patients undergoing elective surgery, demonstrating high feasibility for implementation.

Plasma Combined with Drugs: Synergistic Mechanisms for Eliminating Cancer Cells

Jie Bai — 2025-02-13

With the continuous advancement of cancer treatment methods, plasma combined with drug therapy has garnered widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy. This paper elaborates on the generation and characteristics of plasma, as well as its mechanisms of action on cancer cells when used alone, including the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and damage to cancer cell membranes, and organelles. It emphasizes the synergistic mechanisms observed when plasma is combined with various anticancer drugs (e.g., chemotherapeutic agents, targeted drugs, and immunotherapies). The analysis focuses on enhancing drug uptake, promoting the activation of drug action targets, and improving the tumor microenvironment. These insights provide a theoretical basis for optimizing plasma-drug combination therapy for cancer.

Applying Snyder’s Hope Theory to Enhance Self-Management in Diabetic Patients

Rui Gao — 2025-02-13

Objective: To explore the application effect of self-management based on Snyder’s hope theory in diabetic patients. Methods: A total of 260 patients with diabetes from a community were selected through convenient sampling and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group using the random number table method, with 130 cases in each group. Five cases were lost in the experimental group, resulting in 125 effective cases, while all 130 cases in the control group were effective. The control group received standard lectures on diabetes self-management behavior and traditional approaches, such as the distribution of educational manuals. The experimental group underwent a self-management behavior intervention program for diabetic patients based on Snyder’s hope theory model, encompassing three components: goals, pathways, and motivational thinking. The levels of hope and self-management behavior were compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the scores for hope levels and self-management behaviors in both groups were significantly higher than those recorded before the intervention (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the hope level and self-management behavior scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of Snyder’s hope theory model in diabetic patients demonstrates significant benefits, improving patients’ hope levels and, consequently, enhancing their self-management behaviors.

The Gut Microbiota in Hepatic Encephalopathy: From Recognition to Treatment

Chenghe Ding — 2025-02-13

The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has garnered increasing attention due to significant advancements in understanding the gut microbiota over recent years. A growing body of evidence from laboratory and clinical studies highlights a substantial relationship between gut microbiota and HE. Identifying the role of gut microbiota in maintaining normal cognitive function, including its influence on the gut barrier and immune cells, is essential to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the development of HE. This understanding offers novel perspectives for its prevention and treatment. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress concerning the gut microbiota, HE, and their interrelationship, along with current treatment methods for HE. Furthermore, it outlines the limitations and challenges associated with microbiota-based therapeutic research.

Effect of Nursing Interventions Based on APACHE II Scores on Gastrointestinal Function Recovery Time in Patients with Severe Pancreatitis

Yinfeng Wu — 2025-02-17

Objective: To explore the application effect of nursing interventions based on APACHE II scores in patients with severe pancreatitis and its impact on the recovery time of the gastrointestinal function. Methods: A total of 86 patients with severe pancreatitis treated in our hospital from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected. Using a random number table method, the patients were divided into a control group receiving conventional nursing care and a study group receiving nursing interventions based on APACHE II scores, with 43 patients in each group. The intervention effects of the two groups were compared. Results: The recovery time of gastrointestinal function in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the quality of life scores in the study group was significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Nursing interventions based on APACHE II scores can shorten gastrointestinal recovery time and reduce complications in patients with severe pancreatitis, contributing to improved quality of life.

Investigating the Current State of Caring Behavior Among Nursing Students

Cancan Cui — 2025-02-14

Objective: To investigate the current state of caring behavior among nursing students in a 3A hospital and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A convenient sampling method was employed to survey 157 nursing students in a 3A hospital from October 2023 to March 2024, using a self-designed general data questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Caring Behavior Scale. Results: The caring behavior score of the nursing students was 102.39 ± 14.42. Among the three dimensions, the highest score was observed in “respect and connection” (40.29 ± 6.65), while the lowest score was in “knowledge and skill” (22.25 ± 3.53). Statistically significant differences in caring behavior scores were found in relation to education level, relationship with parents (general), and unwillingness to engage in nursing work after graduation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The caring behavior scores of the nursing students in this study were at a moderate level. Education level, the quality of the relationship with parents (general), and an unwillingness to pursue nursing as a career after graduation were identified as the primary influencing factors.

Meta-analysis of Influencing Factors of Psychological Distress in Patients with Enterostomy

Jingjing Wang — 2025-02-17

Objective: To explore the factors affecting the psychological pain of patients with enterostomy through meta-analysis, with the aim of reducing psychological pain and improving patients’ quality of life. Methods: Published literature on psychological pain in enterostomy patients was retrieved from Chinese and English databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, China Biomedical Network, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, and Web of Science. The search period covered the establishment of the databases until October 2024. Literature was screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and its quality was evaluated. Data analysis was performed using R Studio software. Results: A total of 2,237 articles involving 1,221 patients with enterostomy and 11 influencing factors were identified. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that age, marital status, ostomy complications, self-care ability, pain severity, and sleep quality were the primary contributors to psychological distress. Conclusion: Multiple factors influence psychological pain in enterostomy patients. Medical staff should prioritize addressing these factors to alleviate psychological pain and enhance patients’ quality of life.

The Application of Infusion Project Team in the Safety Risk Management of Indwelling Needle Use

Liumei Wei — 2025-02-17

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use. Methods: A total of 200 patients who used intravenous indwelling needles during hospital treatment from July to October 2022 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 100 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing methods, while those in the observation group were managed using the safety risk management method of the infusion project team. The tube blocking rate and tube removal rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The one-time puncture success rate and the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and patient satisfaction in the observation group was notably higher, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use is effective and has positive impacts on improving the one-time puncture success rate, the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use, and patient satisfaction. It is a practice worth promoting in clinical settings.

C-reactive Protein (CRP) and Procalcitonin (PCT) Combined Testing in the Diagnosis of Elderly Patients with Bacterial Pneumonia

Bingzhi Li — 2025-02-17

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of combined testing of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in elderly patients with bacterial pneumonia. Methods: This study included 50 elderly patients with bacterial pneumonia as the observation group and 50 patients with non-bacterial pneumonia as the control group, recruited from May 2022 to October 2023. Fasting venous blood samples were collected in the morning from all 100 participants. CRP levels were measured using a fully automated biochemical analyzer, while PCT levels were detected using the immunoturbidimetric luminescence method. Results: CRP and PCT levels were significantly higher in bacterial pneumonia patients [(98.25 ± 11.59) mg/L and (3.57 ± 1.35) μg/L, respectively] compared to the control group [(5.55 ± 2.78) mg/L and (0.25 ± 0.12) μg/L, respectively], with significant intergroup differences (P < 0.05). Patients with severe bacterial pneumonia exhibited higher serum CRP and PCT levels compared to those with moderate or mild disease (P < 0.05). The combined testing of CRP and PCT showed higher sensitivity and specificity than individual tests. In the observation group, CRP and PCT levels significantly decreased after treatment compared to pre-treatment levels. Conclusion: The combination of CRP and PCT testing provides high diagnostic accuracy for bacterial pneumonia in elderly patients. It effectively differentiates bacterial from non-bacterial infections, offering valuable data to guide clinical treatment.

Clinical Significance of Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels in Artificial Liver Therapy for Liver Failure

Xiju Guo — 2025-02-17

Objective: To investigate the predictive value and clinical significance of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in the prognosis of patients with liver failure treated with artificial liver plasma exchange (PE). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 96 liver failure patients. All patients underwent artificial liver plasma exchange therapy in addition to internal medicine treatments. Based on AFP test results, patients were divided into a low-AFP group (AFP < 100 ng/mL, n = 32), a medium-AFP group (100 ≤ AFP < 200 ng/mL, n = 32), and a high-AFP group (AFP ≥ 200 ng/mL, n = 32). Serum AFP levels were measured before artificial liver therapy (2nd day of admission), and on the 1st, 10th, and 20th day after therapy, as well as the final day (before discharge or end of life), to observe their variations. Results: Among the 96 patients, there were 4 cases (4.2%) of acute liver failure (ALF), 7 cases (7.3%) of subacute liver failure (SALF), 57 cases (59.4%) of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), and 28 cases (29.2%) of chronic liver failure (CLF), with an overall survival rate of 82.3% (79/96). The survival rate in the AFP < 100 ng/mL group was lower than in the other two groups, and the survival rate increased progressively with rising AFP levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Serum AFP levels are closely related to the efficacy of artificial liver plasma exchange therapy in liver failure patients. Monitoring the dynamic changes in AFP levels can help assess disease progression.

Retraction Note: A Case of A Middle-Aged Woman with Cor Triatriatum Dexter and Sick Sinus Syndrome: Comprehensive Cardiovascular Evaluation

Jun Wang — 2025-02-17

Retraction to: Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research https://doi.org/10.26689/jcnr.v8i10.8260 published online October 28, 2024

The authors wish to retract this article. Concerns have been raised regarding potential conflict of interest and possibility of duplicate publication.

All authors agree with this retraction.