Cardiovascular Reviews

Study on the Effect of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Treatment of Chronic Coronary Syndrome

Yingxin Zhao — 2024-12-10

Objective: To analyze the clinical effect of percutaneous coronary intervention in the treatment of chronic coronary syndrome. Methods: 120 cases of chronic coronary syndrome patients who received inpatient treatment in a hospital from July 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the object, and were divided into the control group and the observation group using the mean score method, each with 60 cases, the control group was treated with conventional medications (aspirin, carbamazepine, β-receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, statin and other medications), and the observation group was treated with percutaneous The observation group implemented percutaneous coronary intervention based on this treatment, comparing the therapeutic effects of the two groups. Results: The treatment efficiency of the observation group (98.33%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (86.67%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); before treatment, the IVPWTd and LVEDd indexes of the patients in the control group and the observation group were (10.39 ± 0.86) mm, (55.36 ± 5.67) mm and (10.41 ± 0.78) mm, (56.01 ± 6.80) mm, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); after 3 weeks of treatment, all the indexes of the two groups decreased significantly, respectively (9.76 ± 0.62) mm, (53.28 ± 5.63) mm and (8.56 ± 0.49) mm, (49.65 ± 5.47) mm, and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the control group, 3 cases of arrhythmia and 2 cases of coronary artery spasm occurred during the treatment period, and 1 case each of residual cardiac insufficiency, acute thrombosis, chronic renal impairment, and cardiogenic death, with a total incidence rate of 15%, while in the observation group, only 1 case of arrhythmia and 1 case of coronary artery spasm occurred, with a total incidence rate of 3.33%, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of chronic coronary syndrome combined with renal disease is effective, can significantly improve the level of patients’ left ventricular function and reduces the risk of related complications, and is recommended to be popularized and applied in the clinic.

Study on the Application of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Combined with Renal Disease

Yingxin Zhao — 2024-12-10

Objective: To analyze the clinical effect of percutaneous coronary intervention in the treatment of chronic coronary syndrome combined with kidney disease. Methods: 150 patients with chronic coronary syndrome combined with renal disease admitted to a hospital from June 2023 to May 2024 were selected, and were divided into the control group and the observation group, 75 cases each, using the mean score method. The control group implemented conventional drug (clopidogrel, aspirin, statins) treatment, and the observation group implemented percutaneous coronary intervention on this basis, comparing the two groups’ treatment effects. Results: The mortality rate (9.33%) and the deterioration rate of renal function (5.33%) of patients in the observation group during the treatment period were significantly lower than those of the control group (21.33%) and (16.00%). The average hospitalization time of patients in the observation group was shorter than that of the control group (15.75 ± 4.24) days. The recurrence rate of angina pectoris of the patients of the observation group in the three months after discharge from the hospital was lower than that of the control group (25.33%) and that of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (6.67%), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of LVEDD, LVESD, and LVEF between the two groups (P > 0.05). After three months of treatment, the LVEDD (52.55 ± 4.02) mm and LVESD (41.44 ± 2.17) mm in the patients of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (57.37 ± 3.74) mm and (46.44 ± 2.59) mm; LVEF (50.78 ± 5.97)% of patients in the observation group was higher than that of (43.06 ± 5.92)% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of CK-MB and cTnI between the two groups (P > 0.05). At 24h and 72h after treatment, the levels of CK-MB and cTnI in patients of the observation group and the control group were (35.21 ± 9.81) U/L, (1.24 ± 0.34) μg/L, (13.19 ± 5.12) U/L, (0.36 ± 0.08) μg/L and (38.79 ± 10.84) U/L, (1.45 ± 0.32) μg/L, (19.87 ± 4.76) μg/L, (0.58 ± 0.11) μg/L, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Percutaneous coronary intervention is effective in treating chronic coronary syndrome combined with renal disease, which can significantly improve the level of a patient’s cardiac function and reduce the level of CK-MB and cTnI, and is worth being widely used in clinical practice.

Study on the Effect of LEARNS Model in Self-Management of Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis and Volume Overload

Zhenzhen Hao — 2025-01-13

Objective: To investigate the effect of the LEARNS model in the self-management of patients with maintenance hemodialysis and volume overload. Methods: Eighty patients with maintenance hemodialysis and volume overload admitted from September 2022 to May 2024 were selected as the main subjects of this experiment. They were divided into two groups based on the odd or even days of their admission, with 40 patients in each group. Patients admitted on odd days were included in the new group and received LEARNS model education, while patients admitted on even days were included in the traditional group and received traditional education. The self-care ability, treatment adherence, and quality of life were compared between the new group and the traditional group. Results: The self-care ability, treatment adherence, and quality of life of patients with maintenance hemodialysis and volume overload in the new group were significantly higher than those in the traditional group, with statistically significant differences between the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The LEARNS model is more effective in the self-management of patients with maintenance hemodialysis and volume overload, and it is worthy of widespread clinical application.

Analysis of the Adjuvant Therapeutic Effect of Epalrestat Tablets in Enhancing the Treatment of Diabetic Complications

Heng Zhang — 2025-01-10

Objective: To evaluate the adjuvant therapeutic effect of Epalrestat tablets on diabetic complications. Methods: 96 patients with diabetic complications who were admitted to the hospital from September 2021 to September 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The observation group was treated with Epalrestat tablets combined with Ginkgo Dipyridolum Injection, while the control group was treated with Ginkgo Dipyridolum Injection only. The total effective rate, blood glucose indicators, oxidative stress indicators, and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rates of diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic foot (DF), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the blood glucose indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the oxidative stress indicators were better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Epalrestat tablets can assist in improving the clinical efficacy of patients with diabetic complications, lowering their blood glucose levels, reducing oxidative stress damage, and decreasing adverse reactions after medication.

Advances in Identification and Clinical Management Strategies of Nitrate Resistance

Zheng Zhao — 2025-01-13

Nitrates are widely used in acute and critical diseases such as angina pectoris, acute heart failure and hypertension. However, there are still many problems caused by the non-standard use of these kinds of drugs and drug resistance, which need to be paid attention to in clinical practice, scientific research, and patient education. This article mainly reviews the identification and clinical treatment strategies for nitrate resistance.

The Impact of Improved and Refined Education on Anxiety After Interventional Surgery for Cerebrovascular Disease

Cheng Wang — 2025-01-13

Objective: To explore the impact of modified and refined health education on anxiety among patients undergoing interventional therapy for cerebrovascular diseases. Methods: Eighty patients with cerebrovascular diseases who underwent interventional therapy at the hospital from June 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received conventional health education, while the observation group received modified and refined health education. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores were compared between the two groups after the procedure. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, education level, and duration of illness (P > 0.05). The SAS score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, showing a highly significant correlation (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Modified and refined health education can effectively reduce anxiety levels among patients undergoing interventional therapy for cerebrovascular diseases and improve their quality of life, making it worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Research Progress of Astragaloside IV in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

Rui Zhang — 2025-01-13

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to dominate as the primary cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, constituting a pressing global health concern. In contrast to Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers a holistic, side-effect-minimizing, and highly efficacious approach to tackling CVD challenges. Among the myriad herbs utilized in TCM, Huangqi (HQ), particularly in the realm of cardiovascular therapeutics, has enjoyed an esteemed status spanning millennia. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a saponin derivative meticulously extracted from the roots of the renowned Chinese medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus, has garnered significant attention for its multifaceted cardioprotective capabilities. These encompass antioxidant stress mitigation, anti-inflammatory actions, anti-apoptotic effects, inhibition of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and attenuation of myocardial fibrosis, among others. Consequently, pharmacokinetic and toxicological evaluations underscore AS-IV’s low bioavailability yet commendable safety profile, with a notable caveat of prudence when administering to pregnant individuals. The present article delves into the most recent advancements in understanding the therapeutic impacts and underlying mechanisms of AS-IV in the context of cardiovascular diseases. By consolidating these cutting-edge findings, we aspire to establish a robust theoretical foundation that can propel the development of AS-IV as an innovative therapeutic agent for the treatment of CVDs, thereby contributing to the global endeavor to combat this pervasive health burden.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome Misdiagnosed as Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report

Yang Li — 2025-01-13

This article presents a retrospective study of a case that was initially misdiagnosed as infective endocarditis but was later diagnosed as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) upon further evaluation. The study aims to explore the clinical manifestations of APS and increase clinicians’ awareness of its non-specific manifestations. The ultimate goal is to provide effective treatment as early as possible and prolong patients’ survival.

Clinical Effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction Combined with Acupuncture in Treating Cerebral Infarction Sequelae

Zhicheng Lu — 2025-01-10

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction combined with acupuncture in treating cerebral infarction sequelae. Methods: In this study, 80 patients with cerebral infarction sequelae admitted to the hospital from April 2022 to March 2024 were selected and divided into a control group (n = 40) and a combined group (n = 40) according to different treatment regimens. The control group received acupuncture treatment alone, while the combined group received Buyang Huanwu Decoction treatment based on the control group. The clinical effects, physical indicators, and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared and observed 3 months after treatment. Results: After treatment, the clinical efficacy of the combined group (92.50%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (72.50%) (p < 0.05). The physical indicators of the combined group were significantly better than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the combined group had fewer adverse events than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Buyang Huanwu Decoction and acupuncture has significant efficacy in treating cerebral infarction sequelae. It can effectively contain disease progression, reduce adverse events, and significantly improve patients’ physical indicators. This treatment approach has clinical promotional value.

Analysis of a Case of Immune-Related Myocarditis Combined with Myasthenia Gravis and Liver Injury Induced by Tislelizumab

Hongyan Xu — 2025-01-13

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated significant advantages and potential in tumor immunotherapy, but immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are becoming increasingly important safety issues. This article analyzes and discusses a case of a patient with esophageal cancer who developed bilateral lower limb weakness, bilateral ptosis, loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting after four cycles of treatment with tislelizumab. The patient was considered to have immune-related myocarditis, myasthenia gravis, and liver injury involving multiple organs caused by tislelizumab treatment. As multi-organ damage caused by tislelizumab is rarely reported domestically and internationally, this article will analyze and discuss domestic and foreign literature, hoping to provide some help to clinicians who subsequently use tislelizumab.