Keywords
Insulin receptor
IR
Coronary heart disease
Signal transduction pathway
Atherosclerotic plaque
Submitted : 2026-06-10
Accepted : 2026-06-25
Published : 2026-07-10
Abstract
Insulin is currently a crucial treatment for treating type 2 diabetes and plays a significant role in improving the prognosis of patients. When patients with cardiovascular disease who also have type 2 diabetes, the all-cause mortality rate increases by approximately 1.5 times. Consequently, many patients choose insulin as a treatment method for type 2 diabetes. However, the effects and mechanisms of insulin treatment on cardiovascular disease are rarely discussed. This review systematically explores the role and mechanisms of insulin and its related receptors in the progression of cardiovascular disease in patients with both conditions. It focuses on the impact of insulin on coronary plaques, cardiovascular neogenesis, and myocardium, aiming to guide clinical treatment and improve patient outcomes.
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