Objective: To analyze the therapeutic effect of deep cervical lymphatic-venous anastomosis (LVA) on Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: 120 patients with AD who were admitted to the hospital between December 2022 to December 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The experimental group received LVA treatment, while the control group received transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with medication. The total effective rate, cognitive function score, language expression, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and adverse reaction rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. The cognitive function score and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of the experimental group after treatment were better than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate in the experimental group was similar to that in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: LVA can improve the clinical efficacy of patients with AD, enhance their cognitive function and language expression, regulate the level of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and has high surgical safety.
Lu HR, Tan YF, Xie QP, 2022, Preliminary Observation on the Efficacy of Deep Cervical Lymphatic-venous Shunt Surgery under 3D Glasses-free Environment in the Treatment of an Elderly Patient with Cognitive Impairment. Chinese Journal of Microsurgery, 45(5): 570–574.
Gooty VD, Reddy SRV, Greer JS, et al., 2021, Lymphatic Pathway Evaluation in Congenital Heart Disease using 3D Whole-heart Balanced Steady State Free Precession and T2-weighted Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 23(1): 16.
Welker JL, Hardie RJ, Weber KA, et al., 2024, Anastomosis of the Caudal Thoracic Duct and Intercostal Vein using a Microvascular Anastomotic Coupler Device: Experimental Study in Six Dogs. Veterinary Surgery, 53(7): 1248–1255.
Xie PA, Liao H, Zhang YM, et al., 2022, Effects of miR-146a Tail Intravenous Injection on Cognitive Ability, Th17/Treg Distribution, and Inflammatory Factor Levels in Alzheimer’s Disease Rats. Shandong Medical Journal, 62(20): 46–49.
Jang S, Lee CU, Hesley GK, et al., 2022, Lymphatic Mapping Using US Microbubbles before Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis Surgery for Lymphedema. Radiology, 304(1): 218–224.
Uyulmaz S, Grunherz L, Giovanoli P, et al., 2024, Primary Lymphovenous Anastomosis After Extended Soft Tissue Resection in the Medial Thigh for Reduction of Lymphocele and Lymphedema. Annals of Plastic Surgery, 93(2): 8.
Hattori Y, Hino H, Niu A, 2021, Surgical Lymphoedema Treatment of Morbihan Disease: A Case Report. Annals of Plastic Surgery, 86(5): 547–550.
Li K, Wen K, Ai ST, et al., 2025, Preliminary Clinical Observation on the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease with Lymphatic/node-venous Shunt Surgery in Neck Zone II/III. Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery, 21(1): 10–13.
Fu XX, Liu XX, Fu MX, 2024, Application of 20 Hz Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Improving Cognitive Function of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and its Effect on Serum Inflammatory Factors. Sichuan Journal of Physiological Sciences, 46(3): 484–486 + 496.
Xia T, Cakmakoglu C, Kwiecien G, et al., 2023, ASO Author Reflections: Prophylactic Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis Performed with Lymphadenectomy is Oncologically Safe for Melanoma. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 30(3): 1.
Song MJ, Ahn JH, Han EJ, 2023, EP336/#874 Semiquantitative Lymphoscintigraphy in Gynecologic Cancer Patients with Lower Extremity Lymphedema: Prediction of Short-term Outcome after Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 33(Sup4): 1.
Cakmakoglu C, Gastman B, Xia T, et al., 2022, Prophylactic Lymphaticovenous Bypass Performed during Complete Lymphadenectomy is Oncologically Safe. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 40(16): 9557.
Xu Y, Wang H, Zhang JG, 2020, The Role and Biological Significance of the GSK-3β Signaling Pathway in Alzheimer’s Disease. Medicine Guide, 39(12): 1716–1720.
Li DM, 2023, The Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Medication on Improving Cognitive Function, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Neurotransmitters in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease. Chinese Journal for Clinicians, 51(10): 1183–1185.
Vaiyani D, Ford B, Gupta M, et al., 2023, Abstract 16011: Lymphatic Intervention Following Superior Cavo-Pulmonary Anastomosis Potentially Allows for Successful Fontan Completion. Circulation, 148(Sup1): 2.
Tolksdorf K, Hohberger FS, Ernst C, et al., 2024, First Experience using a Novel Microsurgical Robotic Device for Free Flap Surgery in Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, 52(6): 704–706.
Onoda S, Tsukura K, Taki K, et al., 2024, Teaching of Microsurgery and Supermicrosurgery for Residents. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 35(3): 3.
Jia WL, Xu DY, Zhou GP, 2024 A Case of Sodium Oligomannate Combined with Antiepileptic Drugs in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease with Epilepsy and Dementia Behavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms. Journal of Brain and Nervous Diseases, 32(9): 580–583.
Ding Y, Yue L, Wang JH, et al., 2023, A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Study of High-frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Left Frontal Lobe to Improve Psychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer’s Disease. Geriatrics & Health Care, 29(5): 997–1001.
Qi S, Wang Y, Zhu Y, et al., 2023, NIR-II Fluorescence Lymphatic Imaging and Intraoperative Navigation Based on the “Isolated Cage” Monodisperse Strategy. Nano Today, 2023(49): 11.
Boyages J, Koelmeyer LA, Suami H, et al., 2020, The ALERT Model of Care for the Assessment and Personalized Management of Patients with Lymphoedema. British Journal of Surgery, 107(3): 238–247.
Sbitany H, 2022, Abstract ES8-1: Options for Reducing Risk for Lymphedema when ALND/regional Nodal XRT are Needed. Cancer Research, 82(4-Sup): 2.
Chen Y, 2023, “Study on the Effects of Different Antipsychotic Drugs on the Behavior and Psychiatric Symptoms of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease. Primary Medical Forum, 27(31): 18–20.
Mo YW, Lee SJ, Lee DW, et al., 2024, Contrast‐enhanced Ultrasonography as an Adjunctive Method to ICG Lymphography for Functional Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis. Journal of Surgical Oncology, 129(5): 965–974.
Chung JH, Kim DJ, Yoon ES, et al., 2023, First Experience of Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis using BHC RobotiScope: A Case Report. Medicine, 102(20): 3.
Jakub JW, Boughey JC, Hieken TJ, et al., 2024, Lymphedema Rates Following Axillary Lymph Node Dissection with and without Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction: A Prospective Trial. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 31(11): 11.
Janani V, Robert CK, Ryan B, et al., 2023, Western Diet-induced Transcriptional Changes in Anastomotic Tissue is Associated with Early Local Recurrence in a Mouse Model of Colorectal Surgery. Annals of Surgery, 278(6): 954–960.
Mulken TJMV, Schols RM, Scharmga AMJ, et al., 2020, First-in-human Robotic Supermicrosurgery Using a Dedicated Microsurgical Robot for Treating Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema: A Randomized Pilot Trial. Nature Communications, 11(1): 757.
Awwad A, 2021, Editorial for: “Noncontrast MR Lymphography in Secondary Lower Limb Lymphedema”. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 53(2): 467–468.
Alsaied T, Ashfaq A, 2021, From Other Journals: A Review of Recent Articles in Pediatric Cardiology. Pediatric Cardiology, 42(2): 469–473.
Kim K, Abramishvili D, Du S, et al., 2025, Meningeal Lymphatics-Microglia Axis Regulates Synaptic Physiology. Cell, S0092-8674(25): 00210-7.