Advances in Obstetrics and Gynecology Research

Observation of the Effect of Rapid Recovery Surgical Nursing on Postoperative Ovarian Cancer Patients and Its Impact on Pain Levels

Yourui Li, Lili Jin — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To observe the application effect of rapid recovery surgical nursing in patients with ovarian cancer and its impact on pain levels. Methods: Forty cases of ovarian cancer patients admitted from December 2019 to December 2022 were selected as the subjects of this study and divided into two groups using a double-blind method. The number of cases was the same; one group served as the control group, receiving routine care, while the other served as the observation group, receiving rapid recovery surgical care. Postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery indicators, postoperative pain, and postoperative complications between the two groups were compared. Results: The first postoperative exhaust, defecation, and out-of-bed activity times of the 20 patients with ovarian cancer in the observation group were shorter than those of the patients in the control group, and the motilin level 48 hours after surgery was higher than that of the patients in the control group (P < 0.05). The pain score of the observation group 48 hours after surgery (1.33 ± 0.21 points) was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the postoperative complication rate of the observation group was 5.00%, which was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Providing rapid recovery surgical care for patients with ovarian cancer can help restore postoperative gastrointestinal function, relieve pain, reduce complications, and promote early recovery.

Observation on the Efficacy of Lymphocyte Immunotherapy for Recurrent Biochemical Pregnancy Loss

Qinyan Xu, Qin Han, Feihu Yu, Zhou Xu, Yiya Wang — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To implement a lymphocyte immunotherapy program for women experiencing recurrent biochemical pregnancy loss and explore its clinical effects. Methods: The study employed a retrospective design. From January 2015 to January 2016, a total of 100 patients with recurrent biochemical pregnancy loss were enrolled as observation objects. Subsequently, the patients were divided into two groups based on different treatment plans, each comprising 50 cases. The observation group received conventional tocolysis in addition to lymphocyte immunotherapy, while the control group received only conventional tocolysis treatment. Evaluation criteria included pregnancy outcomes, improvements in serum factor levels, and treatment safety, enabling a comparison of the clinical effects of different treatment options. Results: In the observation group, the pregnancy success rate was 82.00%, whereas in the control group, it was 48.00% (χ² = 12.7033, P < 0.05). Following treatment, levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were higher in the observation group than in the control group, while levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and regulatory protein (BANTES) were lower in the observation group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The difference in treatment safety between the two groups was negligible (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The incorporation of lymphocyte immunotherapy for patients with recurrent biochemical pregnancy loss can enhance successful pregnancy rates, demonstrating significant efficacy and warranting further application.

Effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Offspring’s Neurobehavioral Development: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Jiali Sun, Bo Huang, Hainan Qiu, Chunmei Li, Xiaohui Lu, Yuqi Jin, Fengdong Wang — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To evaluate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and offspring neurobehavioral development. Methods: A total of 280 infants born to mothers with or without GDM were recruited, and their neurobehavioral development was assessed using the Children’s Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale (CNBS). Results: Infants born to mothers with GDM exhibited significantly lower development quotient (DQ) scores at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 8th, and 12th months after birth. Conclusion: GDM may adversely affect offspring neurobehavioral development, with this effect persisting despite interventions implemented during pregnancy.

Analysis of the Role of the Comprehensive Guided Labor Nursing Intervention in Improving Maternal Adverse Emotions

Guanghua Xu, Shijia Chen — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To analyze the application value of the comprehensive guided labor nursing model in improving maternal negative emotions. Methods: Eighty cases of mothers admitted to the hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were sampled and randomly grouped, with comprehensive guided labor nursing intervention included in Group A and conventional care included in Group B. Emotion scores, labor and delivery, pregnancy outcomes, and nursing satisfaction were compared. Results: Maternal self-rating anxiety (SAS) and depression (SDS) scale scores were lower in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). Maternal visual analog scores (VAS) and postpartum hemorrhage were lower in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). Additionally, the duration of each stage of labor was shorter than in Group B (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was lower in Group A than in Group B, and the rate of spontaneous deliveries was higher in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Furthermore, nursing care satisfaction was higher in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). Overall, Group A had a higher rate of maternal nursing satisfaction than Group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive guided labor nursing can shorten the duration of labor, reduce postpartum hemorrhage, and decrease the rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes, thereby contributing to the improvement of maternal mood. This approach proves to be efficient and feasible in clinical practice.

Attitudes Towards Family Planning of Women in the Early Postpartum Period and Effecting Factors – A Secondary Publication

Zeliha Turan, Fatma Koruk — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To determine the attitudes of women in the early postpartum period towards family planning and the factors affecting them. Method: The sample of the cross-sectional study consisted of 243 women in the postpartum clinics of a public hospital. Data for the study were collected between June and July 2022. Results: The average age of women was 28.17 ± 5.42 years, and the average number of children was 3.51 ± 0.89. In addition, 46.5% of women were illiterate and 73.7% want children again. The mean score of the women’s family planning attitude scale was 90.8 ± 8.10. The family planning attitude scale average scores of women with higher education levels, living in the city center, and having their pregnancy follow-up done in a private hospital were higher. It was determined that the mean score of the scale was lower for women with a higher age at their own age, spouse’s age, age at marriage and first gestational age, and women who want to have children again (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The research showed that women’s attitudes towards family planning in the early postpartum period were positive, but not at the desired level.

Management of Hereditary Angioedema in Pediatric, Pregnant, and Breast-Feeding Patients: An Expert Opinion – A Secondary Publication

Wed, 28 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare inherited condition marked by recurrent skin and submucosal edema. HAE is caused by a C1 inhibitor deficiency or decreased C1 inhibitor function. The initial attack may occur during childhood or pregnancy, with symptoms ranging from classic angioedema to nonspecific stomach cramps. In this review, we discuss strategies for children and pregnant women to manage HAE attacks effectively and safely in light of the recent increase in HAE diagnosis. To begin, an aggressive work-up is necessary to confirm HAE-1/2 and to determine the most effective countermeasures. Secondly, in the event of an acute attack, plasma-derived C1-inhibitor is the first line of defense for children and pregnant women. Icatibant is also appropriate for use, except in pregnant women. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) may be suggested as an alternative. Thirdly, proactive measures to prevent HAE attacks should be considered whenever a procedure is performed that may result in an exacerbation. Finally, FFP, attenuated androgen, and antifibrinolytic agents are recommended for long-term prophylaxis in South Korea where the C1 inhibitor is scarce. However, when making a decision, it is necessary to consider both the efficacy and the risk of adverse effects. For proper management, written action plans and first-aid kits are required. The action plans should be customized to the patient’s unique circumstances.

The Effect of Situational Simulation Education Teaching Mode on Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialty Teaching: A Comparative Study

Feifei Liu, Lili Zhang — Wed, 28 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying the situational simulation education teaching mode in clinical gynecology and obstetrics specialty education. Methods: Seventy personnel specializing in clinical gynecology and obstetrics at Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital between June and October 2023 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and a research group, with 35 personnel in each. The control group underwent traditional teaching methods, while the research group received instruction through the situational simulation education teaching mode. The study then compared the satisfaction levels of the two groups regarding the teaching methods, as well as their scores on theoretical and practical examinations. Results: Following the teaching sessions, the research group exhibited a teaching satisfaction rate of 94.29%, significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, when comparing the scores of theoretical and practical examinations, the research group outperformed the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of situational simulation education teaching mode in clinical gynecology and obstetrics significantly enhances the satisfaction levels of professional personnel and improves their theoretical knowledge and clinical operational skills.

Analysis of the Effects and Incidence of Adverse Reactions of Hormone Replacement Therapy for Perimenopausal Syndrome

Yu Cai — Wed, 28 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To introduce hormone replacement therapy for patients with perimenopausal syndrome and observe its clinical application effect. Methods: Patients with perimenopausal syndrome were the subjects of this study, with a total of 110 participants clinically admitted from January 2022 to December 2023. Upon enrollment, patients were divided into groups based on differences in treatment modes. The observation group (n = 55) received routine health care combined with hormone replacement therapy, while the control group (n = 55) received only routine health care treatment. Evaluation criteria included psychological state, symptom scores, improvement in hormone levels, and the incidence of adverse reactions. The clinical effects of different treatment options were compared. Results: Post-treatment, scores of the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the female menopausal syndrome self-diagnosis assessment scale (Kupperman) score was 12.31 ± 1.25 points in the observation group compared to 15.22 ± 1.84 points in the control group (t = 9.7018, P < 0.05). Furthermore, levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were lower in the observation group than in the control group, while estradiol (E2) and progesterone levels were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the observation and control groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The application of hormone replacement therapy in Chinese medicine can improve patients’ mental state, alleviate clinical symptoms, and restore hormone levels. This treatment modality is deemed safe with minimal adverse reactions, thus offering positive value.

Study on the Diagnostic Effect of Serum Tumor Marker Detection on Benign and Malignant Pelvic Tumors

Juan Yu — Tue, 27 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic effect of serum tumor marker detection for benign and malignant pelvic tumors. Methods: A total of 90 subjects, including healthy individuals and patients with benign and malignant pelvic tumors, were selected for research from April 2021 to July 2022. Two milliliters of venous blood were drawn on an empty stomach in the early morning. The serum was separated and processed within 2 hours, and then microparticle chemiluminescence was used to detect various serum tumor markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA- 125), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Results: Through testing of the observation and control groups, it was found that patients with pelvic tumors had significantly higher CA-125 and CA19-9 (P < 0.05). Additionally, CA-125 and CA19-9 in patients with malignant tumors were significantly higher than those in benign patients (P < 0.05). The correlation between CEA and AFP and pelvic tumor is low, while CA-125 and CA19-93 are positively correlated with the severity of the disease. Conclusion: Multiple serum tumor marker detection demonstrated a higher value for diagnosing benign and malignant pelvic tumors and can improve the sensitivity and specificity of single marker detection. Analysis of CA-125 and CA19-9 levels accurately distinguishes between benign and malignant pelvic tumors, as well as provides data support for clinical treatment.

Research Progress on the Relationship between Intestinal Microecology and Cervical HPV Infection

Yangyan Chen — Tue, 27 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

In recent studies, researchers have found a close relationship between intestinal microecology and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Gut microbiota refers to the microorganisms present in the human intestine, including both beneficial and harmful bacteria. These microorganisms exert a significant impact on human health. Some studies suggest that an imbalance in gut flora may lead to systemic abnormalities and increased susceptibilities to HPV. Consequently, the adjustment of intestinal microbiota to counteract HPV has emerged as a rapidly growing research area. Probiotics, as essential components of intestinal microecology, can effectively modulate it. They increase the population of beneficial bacteria while suppressing the growth of harmful ones, thereby restoring the balance of intestinal flora. This, in turn, contributes to intestinal health, bolstering the body’s defenses. This article aims to explore and review the relationship between intestinal microecology and cervical HPV infection.

Impact of Active Implementation of Prenatal Screening on Preventing Congenital Disabilities: A Study of 10,695 Pregnant Women

Hong Quan, Yujie Lv, Qiuzhi Yu — Tue, 27 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To explore the impact of active implementation of prenatal screening on preventing congenital disabilities. Methods: A total of 10,695 pregnant women at Chenyang District Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center underwent prenatal screening between January 2021 to December 2023. These women were divided into two groups: 18 to 30 years old and 31 to 45 years old. High-risk rates of Down syndrome (DS), Edwards syndrome (ES), and neural tube defects (NTD) were compared between the two groups of pregnant women. Results: Among the 10,695 pregnant women who received prenatal screening, 1,588 were identified as high-risk. Pregnant women aged 31 to 45 years old showed higher high-risk rates of DS, ES, and NTD compared to those aged 18 to 30 years old (P < 0.05). The high-risk group demonstrated elevated rates of DS, ES, and NTD diagnoses (P < 0.05). Additionally, the high-risk group’s evaluation of spontaneous abortion rates exhibited higher levels, although not significantly different from the low-risk group (P > 0.05). Moreover, the high-risk group’s evaluation of congenital disabilities in pregnant women showed a significantly higher rate (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Prenatal screening enables the early detection of potential fetal problems, facilitating the implementation of corresponding measures to reduce the incidence of congenital disabilities.

Analysis of the Application Effect of Painless Delivery Technology in Clinical Obstetrics

Dongmei Shen — Tue, 27 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To explore the application effect of painless delivery technology in clinical obstetrics. Methods: Clinical data of 900 women who gave birth were collected and randomly divided into groups A and B, each comprising 450 cases. Group A served as the control group, while Group B acted as the observation group. Group A underwent natural delivery, whereas Group B received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for painless delivery. The effects of these two delivery techniques were comprehensively evaluated based on maternal pain level, postpartum recovery, postpartum lactation, and other relevant indicators. Results: In Group B, there were more individuals with pain levels of 0 and 1 compared to Group A, and significantly fewer individuals with pain levels of 2 and 3 than in Group A (P < 0.05). This suggests that the pain level in Group B was significantly superior to that in Group A. Additionally, postpartum recovery indicators among mothers in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the time for the onset of colostrum mobilization and adequate breast milk production was significantly longer in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine + sufentanil demonstrates a positive application effect in painless delivery.

The Effect of Hysteroscopy Combined with Diane-35 on Endometrial Polyps and Its Impact on the Recurrence Rate

Lili Wei — Tue, 27 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To analyze the effect of hysteroscopy combined with Diane-35 on endometrial polyps and observe its value in reducing the recurrence rate. Methods: Between June 2022 and January 2023, 90 patients with uterine polyps who met the research criteria were included in the study. A controlled experimental design was employed, and the digital table random grouping method was utilized to divide the patients into the observation and control groups, with 45 cases in each. Patients in the control group underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy, diagnostic curettage during the operation, and routine anti-inflammatory treatment post-surgery. The observation group received Diane-35 treatment after hysteroscopy. The analysis included patient treatment effects, recurrence rate post-surgery, and endometrial thickness. Results: The effective rate among patients treated with combined Diane-35 was 95.56%, which was significantly higher than that among patients treated with hysteroscopy alone (82.22%; χ² = 4.050, P < 0.05). Both groups were followed up for one year. The recurrence rate in the observation group was 2.22%, significantly lower than that in the control group (13.33%; χ² = 3.873, P < 0.05). Preoperative endometrial thickness was compared between the two groups, showing no significant difference in the data (P > 0.05). However, at the 6-month and 12-month follow-up post-surgery, the endometrial thickness in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After surgery, no adverse reactions such as uterine adhesion, infection, or massive bleeding occurred in either group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Hysteroscopic surgery combined with Diane-35 yields higher efficacy in patients with endometrial polyps. This approach not only improves surgical outcomes but also reduces the recurrence rate of postoperative polyps and enhances the patient’s endometrial thickness, thus safeguarding the health of female patients.

Safety Analysis of Umbilical Vein Puncture Guided by B-Ultrasound in Prenatal Diagnosis

Juan Chen, Qiumin Li — Tue, 27 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To explore the safety of umbilical vein puncture guided by B-ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis. Methods: Patients undergoing prenatal examinations in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from February 2023 to February 2024 were selected as the observational subjects. A total of 90 cases were included. Umbilical vein puncture was performed under B-ultrasound guidance to observe puncture safety. Results: The one-time puncture success rate of umbilical vein puncture under B-ultrasound guidance in 90 patients was 97.78%, with an average puncture time of 8.43 ± 1.04 minutes. Fetal heart rate slowed down in 2 cases during umbilical vein puncture guided by B-ultrasound and in 3 patients after surgery, resulting in an incidence rate of 5.56%. Logistic nonlinear multifactor analysis indicated that puncture time and the number of successful punctures were correlated. Additionally, fetal cardiovascular system abnormalities emerged as an independent risk factor for fetal heart rate slowdown, with a statistical value of P < 0.05. Conclusion: The one-time success rate of umbilical vein puncture guided by B-ultrasound for prenatal diagnosis is high. Early identification of high-risk groups and the implementation of targeted measures can reduce puncture adverse events and ensure the safety of prenatal diagnosis.