Urology Research

A Case Report of Bilateral Postoperative Inguinal Hernia Leading to Obstructive Azoospermia

Guangjian Zhu — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0800

The study focused on a case involving a patient with bilateral inguinal hernia and obstructive azoospermia, who was admitted to People’s Hospital of Yide City Guangdong Province on November 24, 2022. A comprehensive analysis of the patient’s condition was conducted, including the determination of the surgical plan and exploration and analysis of key points related to surgical treatment and perioperative nursing intervention. The patient underwent a combined microscopic and laparoscopic exploration of both vas deferens and epididymis, with left epididymal anastomosis and right vas deferens recanalization. High-quality nursing intervention was implemented during the perioperative period. After treatment, the patient’s examination results returned to normal, and his overall condition showed significant improvement, leading to a smooth discharge.

Analysis of the Efficacy of Flexible Ureteroscopy and Rigid Ureteroscopy with Holmium Laser Lithotripsy in the Treatment of Upper Ureteral Stones in the Elderly

Bing Zhou — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of rigid ureteroscopy and flexible ureteroscopy with holmium laser lithotripsy in elderly patients with upper ureteral stones. Methods: 12 elderly cases of upper ureteral stones were selected and divided into two groups according to the type of surgery. The control group and the observation group adopted rigid ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy and flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy, respectively. General observation indicators, laboratory indicators, and short-term efficacy-related indicators of surgery were compared between the two groups. Results: The operation time, ambulation time, and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group, and the intraoperative blood loss was less than that of the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total primary/secondary stone clearance rate, postoperative complications, and disease recurrence rate after six months of follow-up in the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Compared with rigid ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy, flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for elderly patients with upper ureteral stones is more conducive to shortening the treatment and postoperative recovery time, and simultaneously, it causes no severe complications and is worthy of promotion.

Analysis of the Effectiveness and Detection Rate of Urine Occult Blood Test in the Diagnosis of Urinary System Diseases

Xiumei Zhu, Ying Dong, Lei Zhang — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To analyze the application effect and detection rate of urine occult blood test in the diagnosis of urinary system diseases. Methods: 80 patients with definite diagnoses of urinary system diseases admitted from February 2022 to February 2023 were selected. Their urine samples were collected, urine sediment occult blood test and urinalysis were performed on each urine sample. The test results obtained from the two methods and their turnaround time were compared. Results: For the positive detection rates of white blood cells, red blood cells, proteins, and casts in the urine samples, there was no significant difference between the two methods (P > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the detection rates of various urinary system diseases between the two methods (P > 0.05). Urinalysis has a significantly shorter turnaround time compared to urine sediment occult blood test (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The urine occult blood test has a high detection rate in diagnosing urinary system diseases, with satisfactory application effect.

Evaluation of the Effect of Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors in the Treatment of Bladder Cancer and its Impact on CA19-9 and CA125 Levels

Peigeng Wang — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To evaluate the impact of transurethral resection of bladder tumors on surgical outcomes and serum tumor markers CA19-9 and CA125 in patients with bladder cancer. Methods: 80 patients with bladder cancer admitted to our hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to different treatment methods, with 40 cases in each group. The control group underwent open resection of bladder tumor, and the observation group adopted transurethral resection of bladder tumors. The two groups’ surgical indicators and levels of serum tumor markers CA19-9 and CA125 before and after treatment were observed and compared. Results: The operation time, bladder irrigation time, and intraoperative bleeding volume of the observation group were less than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); Before surgery, there was no statistically significant difference in serum CA19-9 and CA125 levels (P > 0.05). After surgery, the serum CA19-9 and CA125 levels of the two groups of patients were significantly lower than those before surgery. Moreover, the serum CA19-9 and CA125 levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group after surgery (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Transurethral resection of bladder tumors in the treatment of bladder cancer can significantly improve various surgical indicators and reduce the levels of bladder cancer tumor markers CA19-9 and CA125. The surgical effect and prognosis are good and it is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

A Case Report of Metastatic Melanoma to the Bladder

Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: The objective of this report is to present the case of metastatic melanoma to the bladder, a rare and underdiagnosed condition due to its often asymptomatic characteristic. Case presentation: The case was a 62-year-old female patient, with a history of melanoma at the level of the first toe, with surgical and pharmacological management. The reason for consultation was hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a single solid, erythematous lesion with necrosis and easy bleeding, and transurethral resection (TUR) was indicated. The pathology found metastatic ulcerated melanoma. Second-line treatment (pembrolizumab) was started and presented progression to the upper limbs and relapse at the bladder level. The patient died a year later. Discussion: Melanoma metastases to the genitourinary tract are common, but isolated bladder metastases are rare. Treatment is usually TUR of the lesion, cystectomy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. TUR is curative for lesions restricted to the epithelium, although radical cystectomy is usually the therapy of choice in patients with a localized tumor. Pembrolizumab has been shown to increase survival. The prognosis depends on the size and depth of the invasion. Conclusion: Metastatic cancer to the bladder is rare and underdiagnosed, it may be present in patients with melanoma, nonspecific urinary irritative symptoms, and hematuria. It tends to have a poor prognosis, and requires surgical treatment associated with systemic management.