Bone and Arthrosurgery Science

Hemostatic Effects of Tranexamic Acid on Geriatric Total Hip Arthroplasty

Xuewu Zhou, Hao Yao, Kangquan Shou — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 13:28:15 +0800

Objective: The aim of this paper was to investigate the hemostatic effect of tranexamic acid in elderly patients undergoing artificial hip arthroplasty. Methods: Ninety-six patients who underwent artificial hip replacement surgery from June 2023 to January 2025 were selected and divided into two groups of 48 cases each. Tranexamic acid was applied intraoperatively in the observation group, and hemostasis was performed by conventional methods in the control group. Intraoperative bleeding, postoperative bleeding, total blood loss, proportion of blood transfusion, hemoglobin, erythrocyte pressure volume, and other complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative drainage volume, and total blood loss in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the transfusion rate was also significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Postoperatively, hemoglobin and erythrocyte pressure volume decreased less in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the complication rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Tranexamic acid applied to hip arthroplasty in the elderly can effectively reduce intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, reduce the rate of blood transfusion, and does not increase the risk of complications, and has clinical promotion and application values.

Exploration of the Value of Extract of Wuwei Xiaodu Drink on Rabbit Model of Spinal Infection

Qing Wang, Ying Zhan, Jianhua Zhang, Zheng Song, Xiuping Li, Qiang Zhang — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 13:41:55 +0800

Objective: To study the therapeutic effect of the Extract of Wuwei Xiaodu Drink on spinal infection and provide the scientific basis for clinical application. Methods: By establishing a rabbit model of spinal infection, this paper observed and analyzed the changes in body mass before and after the intervention and the comparison of inflammation-related factors and blood leukocyte counts among the three groups. Results: There was a significant difference in the changes in body mass of rabbits before and after intervention in the experimental group, control group and blank group (P < 0.05); there was no statistically significant difference in calcitoninogen, C-reactive protein and routine blood leukocyte counts between the experimental group and the control group (P > 0.05), and there was a statistically significant difference in calcitoninogen, C-reactive protein and routine blood leukocyte counts between the experimental group and the blank group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The Extract of Wuwei Xiaodu Drink can play a protective role by regulating the level of inflammatory factors in blood routine leukocyte count and reducing the inflammatory reaction in the spinal cord injury area.

Mechanisms of G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in Inflammatory Pain and Their Therapeutic Targets

Xujie Ma, Yongxing Yao — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 13:45:37 +0800

Inflammatory pain is a common and complex clinical symptom closely associated with many chronic inflammatory diseases, and its treatment has always faced significant challenges. As a receptor family playing a key role in cell signaling, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play an important role in the occurrence, development, and regulation of inflammatory pain. GPCRs not only regulate inflammatory responses and pain sensitivity through cell membrane signaling pathways but also interact complexly with ion channels, immune cells, and metabolites, affecting the dynamic balance of the neuro-inflammatory-immune network. Studies have shown that specific GPCR subtypes (such as Mrgpr, GPR37, etc.) play a unique role in inflammatory pain perception and inflammation resolution, providing targets for the development of new analgesic drugs. In addition, biased ligands of GPCRs and their endosome targeting effects open up new directions for reducing drug side effects and improving efficacy. This article systematically summarizes the biological functions of GPCRs in inflammatory pain, potential drug targets, and future research directions.

Effects of Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients

Yabo Hao, Hongquan Ren — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 13:55:03 +0800

Objective: To analyze the effects of goal-directed fluid therapy on postoperative cerebral oxygen metabolism level (rScO₂), blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and incidence of intraoperative hypotension and delirium in elderly hip fracture patients. Methods: Sixty-six elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery under intrathecal anesthesia in a hospital between October 2023 and September 2024 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group using the mean score method, each with 33 cases. Both groups were given dexmedetomidine 10 min before surgery, and the control group was treated with conventional intraoperative fluid replacement, while the observation group was treated with goal-directed fluid therapy. The rScO₂, MAP, HR, the incidence of intraoperative hypotension, and the index of delirium MMSE score at preoperative (T₀), subarachnoid block for 5 min (T₁), and surgical 30 min (T₂) were observed and compared between the two groups. Results: The difference between the left rScO₂and right rScO₂levels at T₀between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05), but the left rScO₂and right rScO₂levels were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group at T₁and T₂ (P < 0.05); compared with the group at T₀, the patients in the control group at T₁, left rScO₂and right rScO₂levels were significantly lower at T₂(P < 0.05); the left rScO₂and right rScO₂levels at T₁and T₂of patients in the observation group were higher than those at T₀, and the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of MAP and HR at T₀between the two groups (P > 0.05), and the levels of MAP and HR at T₁and T₂were significantly higher in the observation group than those of the control group (P < 0.05); compared with the group’s levels at T₀, there was a significant decrease in the levels of MAP and HR in the control group at T₁and T₂, with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.05); HR at T₁was significantly lower than that at T₀in patients in the observation group (P < 0.05); however, the difference between MAP at T₁and T₂and HR at T₂compared with that at T₀was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); the incidence of intraoperative hypotension in the observation group (3.03%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (24.24%) (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in MMSE scale scores between the two groups of patients in the preoperative 1d (P > 0.05); compared with the preoperative 1d in the group, there was a significant decrease in MMSE scale scores in the postoperative 1d and 3d in the two groups, with the observation group being significantly higher than the control group (P > 0.05); the difference between MMSE scale scores in the postoperative 1d and 3d in the control group and those of the preoperative 1d in the control group had statistical significance (P < 0.05); the difference between the postoperative 1d and 3d MMSE scale scores of the observation group and the preoperative 1d was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: During the implementation of intrathecal anesthesia for hip fracture surgery in the elderly, the application of goal-directed fluid therapy can improve the oxygen metabolism of cerebral tissues, reduce the fluctuation of intraoperative blood pressure and heart rate, lower the incidence of postoperative hypotension, and help to promote the recovery of patients’ postoperative cognitive functions.

Analysis of the Mechanism of Centrifugal Contraction Training to Enhance Muscle Strength in Sports Rehabilitation

Hongyu Zhang — Mon, 28 Apr 2025 14:12:29 +0800

Centrifugal contraction training has emerged as a powerful technique in sports rehabilitation, gaining attention for its ability to enhance muscle strength and promote recovery from various injuries. Unlike concentric contraction, which involves muscle shortening, eccentric contraction involves muscle lengthening under tension, leading to distinct physiological adaptations. This paper explores the physiological mechanisms underlying centrifugal contraction training, including its effects on muscle fibers, strength, and endurance. It also examines the neural adaptations triggered by eccentric training, such as increased motor unit recruitment and muscle fiber activation.

Epidemiological Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Flatfoot among Primary and Middle School Students in Inner Mongolia

Mon, 28 Apr 2025 14:16:58 +0800

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of flatfoot among primary and middle school students in Inner Mongolia. Methods: A survey was conducted among 2,800 primary and middle school students in Inner Mongolia. The foot arch and plantar pressure of the subjects were measured using the footprint method and the FootcanUSB plantar pressure testing system, respectively. The incidence of flatfoot among primary and middle school students was statistically analyzed, and regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of flatfoot occurrence. Results: Among the 2,800 students, 867 cases of flatfoot were detected, with a detection rate of 30.95%. The proportions of mild, moderate, and severe flatfoot were 21.12%, 46.23%, and 31.62%, respectively. The detection rates of flatfoot among males and females were 20.04% and 10.93%, respectively, with the male detection rate significantly higher than that of females (P < 0.05). The detection rates of flatfoot among students aged 7 to 14 years old were 49.42%, 42.18%, 40.34%, 35.78%, 28.49%, 23.33%, 15.79%, and 11.95%, respectively. The detection rates of flatfoot varied among students of different ages, and the detection rate gradually decreased with increasing age. Weight, household registration, extracurricular activities, and shoe type were all influencing factors of flatfoot occurrence among primary and middle school students, in addition to BMI and physical exercise (P < 0.05). The risk and protective factors for flatfoot occurrence among primary and middle school students were BMI and physical exercise, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of flatfoot is relatively high among primary and middle school students in Inner Mongolia. Relevant factors for the occurrence of flatfoot include weight, household registration, and physical exercise. To reduce the occurrence of flatfoot, it is recommended to control weight and engage in regular physical exercise.

Clinical Efficacy of Gujian Powder Combined with Shockwave in the Treatment of Early Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Zhiwei Xu, Feng Chen, Jie Han, Yuzhi Shang, Hao Liu, Shasha Xing — Wed, 07 May 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Gujiansan combined with extracorporeal shockwave therapy for early osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Methods: Sixty patients with early ONFH were selected and randomly divided into three groups, with 20 cases in each group. The experimental group was treated with oral Gujiansan combined with extracorporeal shockwave therapy. Control group A was treated with Gujiansan orally, while control group B was treated with Xianling Gubao capsules orally. Result: Compared with before treatment, the VAS score, Harris score, and bone density of the experimental group and control groups A and B were significantly improved at 30, 90, and 180 days after treatment, with statistically significant differences. Compared with the control groups A and B, the experimental group showed more significant improvements in VAS score, Harris score, and bone density at 30, 90, and 180 days after treatment, with statistically significant differences. Conclusion: The combination of Gujiansan and extracorporeal shockwave therapy significantly improves VAS score, Harris score, and bone density in patients with early osteonecrosis of the femoral head, effectively reduces pain, and improves patient quality of life. Thus, it is worth promoting in the clinics.